摘要:
Provided are functionalized silicon compounds and methods for their synthesis and use. The functionalized silicon compounds include at least one activated silicon group and at least one derivatizable functional group. Exemplary derivatizable functional groups include hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl and thiol, as well as modified forms thereof, such as activated or protected forms. The functionalized silicon compounds may be covalently attached to surfaces to form functionalized surfaces which may be used in a wide range of different applications. In one embodiment, the silicon compounds are attached to the surface of a substrate comprising silica, such as a glass substrate, to provide a functionalized surface on the substrate, to which molecules, including polypeptides and nucleic acids, may be attached. In one embodiment, after covalent attachment of a functionalized silicon compound to the surface of a solid silica substrate to form a functionalized coating on the substrate, an array of nucleic acids may be covalently attached to the substrate. Thus, the method permits the formation of high density arrays of nucleic acids immobilized on a substrate, which may be used, for example, in conducting high volume nucleic acid hybridization assays.
摘要:
The present invention provides an array of polymers and methods of forming arrays of polymers by providing a substrate having a first layer including one or more dielectric coatings on a solid support and a second layer including a plurality of polymers disposed on the first layer. The invention also provides methods for forming an array of polymers on a substrate using light-directed synthesis by providing a substrate having a first layer including one or more dielectric coatings on a solid support, derivatizing the first layer by contacting the first layer with a silanation reagent, and a second layer disposed on said first layer wherein the second layer includes functional groups protected with a photolabile protecting group.
摘要:
Methods, employing a polycyclic hydrocarbon or a polycyclic heteroaromatic compound as sensitizers, are provided to increase the efficiency of removing, by irradiation, photolabile protecting groups that mask reactive sites on synthesis intermediaries. Preferred groups of photolabile protecting moieties include: ((α-methyl-2-nitropiperonyl)-oxy)carbonyl (MeNPOC), ((Phenacyl)-oxy)carbonyl (PAOC), O-(9-phenylxanthen-9-yl) (PIXYL), and ((2-methylene-9,10-anthraquinone)-oxy)carbonyl (MAQOC). In conjunction with using the sensitizers and protecting groups described above, a method of forming, from component molecules, a plurality of compounds on a support, each compound occupying a separate predefined region of the support is provided. These resulting solid-phase arrays are useful, for example, to assay for the presence of biochemical products in biological samples.
摘要:
Provided are functionalized silicon compounds and methods for their synthesis and use. The functionalized silicon compounds include at least one activated silicon group and at least one derivatizable functional group. Exemplary derivatizable functional groups include hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl and thiol, as well as modified forms thereof, such as activated or protected forms. The functionalized silicon compounds may be covalently attached to surfaces to form functionalized surfaces which may be used in a wide range of different applications. In one embodiment, the silicon compounds are attached to the surface of a substrate comprising silica, such as a glass substrate, to provide a functionalized surface on the substrate, to which molecules, including polypeptides and nucleic acids, may be attached. In one embodiment, after covalent attachment of a functionalized silicon compound to the surface of a solid silica substrate to form a functionalized coating on the substrate, an array of nucleic acids may be covalently attached to the substrate. Thus, the method permits the formation of high density arrays of nucleic acids immobilized on a substrate, which may be used, for example, in conducting high volume nucleic acid hybridization assays.
摘要:
Methods are provided for the preparation of polymer arrays on wafers wherein the wafers are rotated between synthesis steps to provide more uniform results across the entire wafer.
摘要:
The present invention provides massively parallel oligonucleotide synthesis and purification for applications that utilize large collections of defined high-fidelity oligonucleotides (e.g., from about 101 to about 105 different sequences, generally between 25-160 bases in length).
摘要:
Methods are provided for detecting hybridization of a polynucleotide to a nucleic acid array by chemically modifying the polynucleotide to contain a detectable label. According to one aspect of the present invention, a method is provided for detecting the presence of a mRNA in a nucleic acid sample, the method having the steps of providing a mRNA sample and azido modified nucleotides, hybridizing a primer to the mRNA, reversed transcribing the mRNA to provide azido modified DNA, followed by reacting the azido groups with a detectable label, hybridizing the labeled RNA to a nucleic acid array and detecting the presence of the mRNA. Still other methods are provided for detecting the presence or absence of a polynucleotide of interest on a nucleic acid array, the method having the steps of providing a nucleic acid sample comprising a polynucleotide; providing an enzyme to amplify the polynucleotide using an azido nucleotide derivative; amplifying said polynucleotide to provide azido labeled amplified nucleic acids; reacting the azido groups on said nucleic acids with a detectable label to provide labeled nucleic acids; hybridizing said amplified nucleic acids to a nucleic acid array; and detecting the presence or absence of said polynucleotide. Still other methods are presented for detecting polynucleotides on a nucleic acid array using ligases and terminal transferases to end label polynucleotides.
摘要:
Polymeric brush substrates and methods for their preparation are provided. Methods are also provided for preparing macromolecular arrays on such polymeric brush substrates. Using polymeric brush substrates allows control over functional site density as well as wettability and porosity of the substrate. These polymeric brushes are useful in solid-phase synthesis of arrays of peptides, polynucleotides or small organic molecules.
摘要:
Oligonucleotide analogue arrays attached to solid substrates and methods related to the use thereof are provided. The oligonucleotide analogues hybridize to nucleic acids with either higher or lower specificity than corresponding unmodified oligonucleotides. Target nucleic acids which comprise nucleotide analogues are bound to oligonucleotide and oligonucleotide analogue arrays.
摘要:
Radiation-activated catalysts (RACs), autocatalytic reactions, and protective groups are employed to achieve a highly sensitive, high resolution, radiation directed combinatorial synthesis of pattern arrays of diverse polymers When irradiated, RACs produce catalysts that can react with enhancers, such as those involved in autocatalytic reactions The autocatalytic reactions produce at least one product that removes protecting groups from synthesis intermediates This invention has a wide variety of applications and is particularly useful for the solid phase combinatorial synthesis of polymers