Abstract:
A method of recording holographic information includes recording a hologram mark and a homogeneous mark in a holographic data storage medium with a volume to alternatively locate the hologram mark and the homogeneous mark. The hologram mark has a varied refractive index distribution due to constructive/destructive interferences between two light beams and indicates information, while the homogeneous mark has a more uniform refractive index distribution than the hologram mark.
Abstract:
Carbon-containing nickel-particle powder is provided. The carbon-containing nickel-particle powder has improved shrinkage property when fired due to the presence of carbon. Also, the carbon-containing nickel-particle powder has a very restricted degree of forming agglomerates.
Abstract:
A composition containing a proton-conductive copolymer, a polymer electrolyte membrane containing the composition; a method of producing the membrane; and a fuel cell employing the membrane. The composition includes: a proton-conductive copolymer comprising a first styrene repeating unit, a second styrene repeating unit, and a dimethylsiloxane repeating unit; and a cross-linked polymer obtained from a cross-linking reaction between a siloxane oligomer having an unsaturated bond and a cross-linking agent. The cross-linked polymer has the same properties as the dimethylsiloxane repeating unit of the proton-conductive copolymer.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a printed circuit board including embedded capacitors, composed of a polymer condenser laminate including a plurality of polymer condenser layers, each of which has a polymer sheet and a conductor pattern formed on the polymer sheet, and a via hole for interlayer connection therethrough, and a circuit layer formed on either surface or both surfaces of the polymer condenser laminate and having a circuit pattern and a via hole for interlayer connection therethrough. The printed circuit board of the current invention has higher capacitance density per unit area than conventional embedded capacitor printed circuit boards, whereby capacitors having various capacitance values, such as multilayered ceramic capacitors having high capacitance, can be embedded in the printed circuit board, instead of being mounted thereon. Also, a method of manufacturing the printed circuit board including embedded capacitors is provided.
Abstract:
In a method and apparatus for forming a three-dimensional image for an inspection pattern, a reference intensity function of an inspection X-ray is formed in accordance with a continuous scanning depth, and is differentiated with respect to the scanning depth. The differential reference intensity function is decomposed into a start function and a characteristic function. The differential reference intensity function is then repeatedly integrated while a temporary vertical profile function is substituted for the start function until the temporary intensity of a reference X-ray is within an allowable error range. The temporary vertical profile function satisfying the error range is selected as an optimal vertical profile function. A surface shape is combined to the optimal vertical profile function along a depth of the inspection pattern to thereby form the three-dimensional image for the inspection pattern.
Abstract:
A method and an apparatus for detecting a laundry weight of a washing machine can correctly detect a laundry weight of a washing machine. To this end, a motor of a washing machine is driven at a first speed and then at a second speed, and a laundry weight is detected on the basis of a value of a first current for driving the motor at the first speed and a value of a second current for driving the motor at the second speed.
Abstract:
A method of measuring a concentration of a material includes irradiating an infrared light onto a substrate having a layer including a first material and dopants, wherein the infrared light is partially absorbed by and partially transmitted through the substrate including the layer. Intensities of the infrared light absorbed in the first material and the dopants are computed according to light wave numbers by utilizing a difference between intensities of the infrared light before and after transmitting the substrate and layer and by utilizing a difference between intensities of the infrared light absorbed in the substrate and layer and absorbed in only the substrate. Concentrations of the dopants are obtained by utilizing a ratio of light wave number regions corresponding to predetermined intensities of infrared light absorbed in the dopants relative to light wave number regions corresponding to the predetermined intensity of infrared light absorbed in the first material.
Abstract:
A polymer membrane composition for a fuel cell, a polymer membrane prepared therefrom, a membrane electrode assembly, a fuel cell including the same, and associated methods, the polymer membrane composition including a polymer, the polymer including a cation exchange group and a carbon double-bond-containing cross-linkable group, a (meth)acryl-based compound, the (meth)acryl-based compound including a cation exchange group, and a polymerization initiator.
Abstract:
A polymer membrane composition for a fuel cell, a polymer membrane prepared therefrom, a membrane electrode assembly, a fuel cell including the same, and associated methods, the polymer membrane composition including a polymer, the polymer including a cation exchange group and a carbon double-bond-containing cross-linkable group, a (meth)acryl-based compound, the (meth)acryl-based compound including a cation exchange group, and a polymerization initiator.
Abstract:
Provided are a polymer membrane that includes a porous polymer matrix and an acryl-based polymer infiltrated in pores of the porous polymer matrix, a method of preparing the same, and a fuel cell using the polymer membrane. The polymer membrane effectively decreases a crossover phenomenon of a fuel cell.