摘要:
A method is provided for operating a hybrid vehicle (1) having an internal combustion engine (2), an electric machine (4) and having a regenerable filter device that absorbs fuel vapors from a fuel tank of the internal combustion engine. To improve the reproducible operation of a hybrid vehicle with an internal combustion engine and an electric machine, in a purely electric driving mode in which the hybrid vehicle (1) is driven only by the electric machine (4), the regenerable filter device is rinsed by switching on the internal combustion engine (2) with a scavenging strategy that is dependent on the velocity of the hybrid vehicle (1).
摘要:
A method for compensation of input voltage fluctuations in an inductive rotating coupler is disclosed. This coupler includes a power generator that feeds an alternating-current voltage into a resonance circuit including a resonance capacitor and an inductive rotating transmission device. The power generator is fed with an input direct-current voltage that may fluctuate, for example, owing to residual ripple. A control unit determines this input direct-current voltage and calculates there from an optimum operating frequency for the power generator, so that the output voltage at the load remains constant.
摘要:
Disclosed is a two-part piston (1) for a combustion engine comprising a combustion chamber (16) in the piston head (13). The piston (1) is composed of a basic member (5) and a top part (6) that is screwed to the basic member (5). In order for the combustion pressure to act substantially upon the basic member (5), which is provided with great mechanical stability and load-bearing capacity relative to the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber, the bottom part of the combustion chamber (16) is molded into the basic member (5), the top part (6) is configured in an essentially annular manner, and the top part (6) enlarges the combustion chamber (16) at the piston head end while delimiting the same in a radially outward direction similar to a collar (19).
摘要:
To reduce the number of particles in an exhaust gas (A), in particular in the exhaust gas (A) from an internal-combustion engine, sulfur dioxide SO2 which is contained in the exhaust gas (A) is at least partially catalytically oxidized, in the presence of ammonia NH3 in a catalytic converter system having a catalytic activity which increases in the direction of flow, to form sulfur trioxide SO3. The simultaneous presence of sulfur trioxide SO3 and ammonia NH3 in the exhaust-gas stream which is brought about in this way results in an agglomeration of the small and very small particles and reduction in the number thereof.
摘要:
A process for producing a catalyst body includes providing titanium dioxide, tungsten trioxide, vanadium pentoxide, aluminum oxide, and/or silicon oxide for the catalyst body. A kneadable and/or shapable compound is processed to form a shaped body by extrusion or by coating of a support body. The shaped body is dried and is calcined to form an active compound. The calcined shaped body is artificially aged by a final heat treatment at a temperature higher than the calcination temperature to produce a catalyst body having a high resistance to deactivation at high temperatures. The starting materials include from 65 to 95% by weight of titanium dioxide, 2 to 30% by weight of tungsten trioxide, 0 to 2% by weight of vanadium pentoxide, preferably, less than 1.5%, 0.1 to 10% by weight of aluminum oxide, and 0.1 to 10% by weight of silicon dioxide. The final heat treatment is done is at 660 to 700° C., drying is at 20 to 100° C. prior to calcination, and calcination is at 400° C. to less than 700° C.
摘要:
A magnetic resonance imaging method and device include a processor and a demodulator including a signal sampling device which provide automatic quantitative motion evaluation of a part of an object. Pulse and gradient sequences (tsq) are applied in pairs with spatially differing tagging patterns, images corresponding to the pairs being subtracted so as to form a tagged image. The motion is monitored by scanning of the tagging pattern in the tagged image which permits improved motion evaluation.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for producing formulations of sparingly water-soluble substances, said sparingly soluble substances being present in amorphous embedded form in a copolymer, and said copolymer being obtained by free-radically initiated polymerization of a mixture of i) 30 to 80% by weight of N-vinyllactam, ii) 10 to 50% by weight of vinyl acetate, and iii) 10 to 50% by weight of a polyether, with the proviso that the sum of components i), ii) and iii) equals 100% by weight, which comprises embedding the sparingly soluble substance into the copolymer at temperatures above the melting point of the sparingly soluble substances.
摘要:
A method for determining a driving strategy for a driver of a motor vehicle includes receiving local information about a plurality of other motor vehicles using a receiving device, wherein the plurality of other motor vehicles are ahead of the motor vehicle and are relevant to the traffic situation. The method further includes recording the local information using the receiving device and deriving driving information from the local information so as to provide a driving strategy in the form of at least one action recommendation for the driver, the at least one action recommendation including a recommended speed based on an average speed of the plurality of other motor vehicles and on a desired speed of the motor vehicle.
摘要:
A motor vehicle has an internal combustion engine, a fuel tank and a tank ventilation device. The fuel tank is connected via a first and second tank ventilation lines to an intake tract of the internal combustion engine. A hydrocarbon store has first and second chambers separated by a diaphragm. The first chamber is connected in communicating fashion to the first tank ventilation line and the second chamber is connected in communicating fashion to the second tank ventilation line. Valves are arranged in the first tank ventilation line upstream and downstream of the first chamber. A valve is arranged in the second tank ventilation line between the second chamber and the intake tract.
摘要:
The compounds of Formula (1), in which A, R1, R2, R3 and R5 have the meanings as given in the description, are novel effective inhibitors of type 4 and 5 phosphodiesterase.