摘要:
A method for synthesizing ammonia for agricultural fertilizers employs water (H2O) as the source of hydrogen (H2) in ammonia (NH3) synthesis, and gathers carbon monoxide (CO) as a limiting reagent for combining in a WGS (Water-Gas-Shift) reaction for producing hydrogen. The WGS reaction employs CO with the water to produce Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and H2, consuming undesirable CO from other industrial applications. A by-product of the process includes generating 1.5 mole of CO2 for each mole of ammonia synthesized. An intermediate step consumes 3 moles of hydrogen for each mole of Nitrogen (N2). The use of methane gas is avoided as the process employs CO and the WGS reaction as an exclusive source of H2 without introducing methane (CH4). A downstream synthesis of ammonia can be done through a fuel cell to produce electricity for the ammonia synthesis for further sustainability.
摘要:
In a plant comprising a first apparatus for the electrochemical or electrothermal production of hydrogen, which produces a first hydrogen stream; a second apparatus for producing hydrogen from a hydrocarbon by steam reforming, partial oxidation or dehydrogenation, which produces a second hydrogen stream; a hydrogen conduit or a hydrogen consumer to which both the first hydrogen stream and the second hydrogen stream are fed; and a control device which matches the production of hydrogen in the first apparatus and in the second apparatus in such a way that the total amount of first hydrogen stream and second hydrogen stream corresponds to a predetermined value, excess electric energy can be efficiently utilized by operating the apparatus for the electrochemical or electrothermal production of hydrogen with excess electric energy.
摘要:
An improved system of hardware and controls, known as a Hyper Hub, that absorbs electric power from any source, including hydropower, wind, solar, and other renewable energy resources, chemically stores the power in hydrogen-dense anhydrous ammonia, then reshapes the stored energy to the power grid with zero emissions by using anhydrous ammonia to fuel diesel-type, spark-ignited internal combustion, combustion turbine, fuel cell or other electric power generators, and for other purposes.
摘要:
A method of forming urea by integration of an ammonia production process with that of a urea production process, as well as a system for the method is disclosed. Also, an alternative method of forming urea by integration of a part of an ammonia production process with that of a urea production process, as well as a system for the alternative method.
摘要:
Systems and methods of producing chemical compounds are disclosed. An example chemical production system includes an intake chamber having intake ports for entry of a gas mixture. An igniter ignites the gas mixture in the intake chamber. A nozzle restricts exit of the ignited gas mixture from the intake chamber. An expansion chamber cools the ignited gas with a cooling agent. The expansion chamber has an exhaust where the cooled gas exits the expansion chamber. A chemical compound product is formed in the expansion chamber.
摘要:
Methods and systems are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. The method includes heat management in the process for further converting the acetylene stream to form a subsequent hydrocarbon stream. The hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream can be used to transfer heat to process streams used in downstream process units, and in particular streams that are fed to endothermic reactors.
摘要:
A method of converting coal into a liquid hydrocarbon fuel utilizes a high pressure, high temperature reactor which operates upon a blend of micronized coal, a catalyst, and steam. Microwave power is directed into the reactor. The catalyst, preferably magnetite, will act as a heating media for the microwave power and the temperature of the reactor will rise to a level to efficiently convert the coal and steam into hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
摘要:
Systems and methods of producing chemical compounds are disclosed. An example chemical production system includes an intake chamber having intake ports for entry of a gas mixture. An igniter ignites the gas mixture in the intake chamber. A nozzle restricts exit of the ignited gas mixture from the intake chamber. An expansion chamber cools the ignited gas with a cooling agent. The expansion chamber has an exhaust where the cooled gas exits the expansion chamber. A chemical compound product is formed in the expansion chamber.
摘要:
This invention relates to a process for co-producing methanol and ammonia, wherein a syngas mixture consisting essentially of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) is first partially reacted in a methanol once-through reactor, unreacted syngas is divided into a first and a second stream, the first stream is purified and fed to an ammonia synthesis section, and the second stream is fed to a methanol synthesis and purification section. With this process it is possible to produce methanol and ammonia at very high capacities in an integrated single process, applying unit operations not exceeding current practical capacity limitations. For example, the process allows production of 8000 mtpd of methanol and 2000 mtpd of ammonia starting from natural gas and air. The process further shows a balanced production of ammonia and carbon dioxide, thus allowing co-production of urea also to be integrated.
摘要:
A system of hardware and controls, know as a Hydrogen Hub, that absorbs electric power from any source, including hydropower, wind, solar, and other energy resources, chemically stores the power in hydrogen-dense anhydrous ammonia, then reshapes the stored energy to the power grid with zero emissions by using anhydrous ammonia to fuel diesel-type, spark-ignited internal combustion, combustion turbine, fuel cell or other electric power generators.