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    Refrigerant compressor
    413.
    发明授权
    Refrigerant compressor 失效
    制冷压缩机

    公开(公告)号：US5199859A

    公开(公告)日：1993-04-06

    申请号：US701890

    申请日：1991-05-17

    Applicant: Shoichiro Kitaichi

    Inventor： Shoichiro Kitaichi

    IPC: F04C18/356 ,  F04C23/00 ,  F04C29/02 ,  F25B1/00

    CPC classification number: F04C23/008 ,  F04C29/02 ,  F04C2210/26 ,  F05B2210/14 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2251/02 ,  F05C2253/08

    Abstract: A compressing mechanism includes a slidable section which is constructed by combining a first slidable member made of a cast iron having a Vickers hardness within the range of 200 to 300 with a second slidable member made of a carbon steel having a Vickers hardness within the range of 200 to 300 and an average number of crystalline grains per 1 mm.sup.2 within the range of 2000 to 3200. The slidable section is composed of a shaft and a bearing. Additionally, the slidable section includes a cylinder, a rotor and a piston. Each crystalline grain in the carbon steel constituting the second slidable member has a substantially isotropic shape and a size of the crystalline grain is suitably enlarged to exhibit a coarse structure. As a result, elasticity of the grain structure of the carbon steel is increased and a very small number of crystalline grains are peeled off from the surface of the substrate. Since the slidable section is constructed by combining the first slidable member with the second slidable member in the above-described manner, the second slidable member exhibits excellent wear resistance even under a circumstance wherein the 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane or the 1,1-difluoroethane is used as a refrigerant in the presence of a polyether-based oil, a polyester-based oil or the like each serving as a refrigerator oil.

    Abstract translation: 压缩机构包括：可滑动部分，其通过将具有维氏硬度在200至300范围内的铸铁制成的第一可滑动构件与由维氏硬度在以下范围内的维氏硬度的碳素钢制成的第二可滑动构件组合： 200〜300，平均每1mm2的晶​​粒数在2000〜3200的范围内。滑动部由轴和轴承构成。 另外，滑动部分包括一个气缸，一个转子和一个活塞。 构成第二可滑动构件的碳钢中的每个晶粒具有基本上各向同性的形状，并且晶粒的尺寸适当地扩大以呈现粗糙的结构。 结果，碳钢的晶粒结构的弹性增加，并且从基板的表面剥离非常少量的晶粒。 由于可滑动部分是通过以上述方式组合第一滑动部件和第二可滑动部件而构成的，所以即使在1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷或1 在作为冷冻机油的聚醚类油，聚酯类油等的存在下使用1,1-二氟乙烷作为制冷剂。

    Light alloy piston
    415.
    发明授权
    Light alloy piston 失效
    轻合金活塞

    公开(公告)号：US5092289A

    公开(公告)日：1992-03-03

    申请号：US701541

    申请日：1991-05-15

    Applicant: Gerhard Bloschies ,  Siegfried Mielke

    Inventor： Gerhard Bloschies ,  Siegfried Mielke

    IPC: B22D19/08 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B23/06 ,  F02F3/00 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F02F3/26 ,  F02F7/00

    CPC classification number: F02F7/0087 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2253/16

    Abstract: In a light alloy piston for use in diesel engines for an indirect fuel injection, a body of fibrous material is embedded in the cast piston head and is formed with a shallow combustion recess. In order to improve the conduction of heat outside the portion formed with the combustion recess, the body of fibrous material has a larger height on the side that is formed with the combustion recess than in the remaining portion of the piston head.

    Abstract translation: 在用于间接燃料喷射的柴油发动机中的轻合金活塞中，纤维材料体被嵌入到铸造活塞头中并形成有浅燃烧凹部。 为了改善在与燃烧凹部形成的部分之外的热传导，纤维材料体在与活塞头的剩余部分相比形成有燃烧凹部的一侧具有较大的高度。

    Piston and bearing assemblies
    416.
    发明授权
    Piston and bearing assemblies 失效
    活塞和轴承组件

    公开(公告)号：US5072654A

    公开(公告)日：1991-12-17

    申请号：US467136

    申请日：1990-01-18

    Applicant: James W. MacGregor

    Inventor： James W. MacGregor

    IPC: F02F3/00 ,  F16J1/16

    CPC classification number: F02F3/0069 ,  F16C17/028 ,  F16J1/16 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F16C33/106 ,  Y10T74/2162

    Abstract: A novel prefinished piston pin insert bearing is described wherein the tight radial clearances required for acceptable bearing function are maintained in spite of the tolerances required for assembly through a unique inner bearing surface geometry and through a unique methodology of bearing retention against axial and rotational movement. The interior bearing geometry is formed of radii equal to that of the piston pin which are offset vertically into the upper and lower bearings and of radii of nonspecific size which are offset horizontally. The bearings are retained against movement through connections with the piston head, the piston skirt, and between the various bearing pieces. Means are also provided for feeding oil under pressure to the piston pin and bearing interface for lubrication and to the piston assembly for cooling.

    Abstract translation: 描述了一种新颖的预制活塞销插入轴承，其中尽管通过独特的内轴承表面几何形状组装所需要的公差以及通过轴承保持力抵抗轴向和旋转运动所需的独特方法，仍保持可接受的轴承功能所需的紧密径向间隙。 内部轴承几何形状由等于活塞销的半径形成，这些半径垂直偏移到上轴承和下轴承以及水平偏移的非特定尺寸的半径。 轴承通过与活塞头，活塞裙部以及各种轴承件之间的连接而保持抵抗运动。 还提供了用于在压力下将油供给到活塞销和用于润滑的轴承接口以及用于冷却的活塞组件的装置。

    Valves and valve components
    418.
    发明授权
    Valves and valve components 失效
    阀门和阀门部件

    公开(公告)号：US5040501A

    公开(公告)日：1991-08-20

    申请号：US489663

    申请日：1990-03-07

    Applicant: Jerome H. Lemelson

    Inventor： Jerome H. Lemelson

    IPC: B23D61/18 ,  B24D18/00 ,  B28D1/12 ,  C04B35/80 ,  E21B10/46 ,  F01L3/04 ,  F16C33/04 ,  H05K1/03

    CPC classification number: F16C33/04 ,  B24D18/00 ,  C04B35/80 ,  E21B10/46 ,  F01L3/04 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F16C2206/04 ,  H05K1/0373 ,  Y10T428/30

    Abstract: Improved valves, such as exhaust valves for internal combustion engines and other valves subject to wear and corrosion and, in certain instances, impact forces which may cause degradation in structure and structural failure. In one form, a select portion of the surface of a valve component or components subject to degradation during use such as erosive and/or corrosive effects of fluid particles and liquid or vaporous fluid passing through the valve, is coated with a synthetic diamond material which is formed in situ thereon. In another form, the entire surface of the valve component is so coated. The component may be a movable poppet member for an exhaust valve for a combustion chamber of an internal combustion piston engine. The valve seat or insert may also be coated with synthetic diamond material, particularly the circular tapered inside surface thereof against which a portion of the underside of the head of the valve poppet which engages the seat when the valve is spring closed. By coating the entire head and stem of the valve poppet with synthetic diamond and overcoating or plating a solid lubricant, such as chromium on the outer surface of the diamond coating a number of advantages over conventional valve construction are derived including better heat and corrosion resistence, reduced wear resulting from seat and valve head impact contact and a reduction in the enlargement of surface cracks. Similar improvement are effected for the valve seat when so coated and protected. In a modified form, the entire interior or selected portions of the wall of the valve body or the combustion chamber containing the valve may be coated with synthetic diamond material with or without a protective overcoating.

    Abstract translation: 改进的阀门，例如用于内燃机的排气阀和其它受磨损和腐蚀的阀门，以及在某些情况下可能导致结构和结构故障降低的冲击力。 在一种形式中，阀组件的表面的选择部分或者在使用期间遭受降解的部件，例如流体颗粒和通过阀的液体或气体流体的侵蚀和/或腐蚀作用被涂覆有合成金刚石材料，合成金刚石材料 在其上原位形成。 在另一种形式中，阀组件的整个表面被涂覆。 该部件可以是用于内燃活塞发动机的燃烧室的排气阀的可动提升部件。 阀座或插入件还可以用合成金刚石材料，特别是圆形锥形内表面涂覆，当阀弹簧关闭时，阀座或插入件与阀座的头部的下侧的一部分接合。 通过用合成金刚石涂覆阀提升阀的整个头部和杆部，并且在金刚石涂层的外表面上涂覆固体润滑剂（例如铬）上的固体润滑剂，比衍生出比传统阀门结构更多的优点，具有更好的耐热和耐腐蚀性， 降低了座椅和阀头冲击接触造成的磨损，减少了​​表面裂纹的扩大。 当这样涂覆和保护时，对阀座进行类似的改进。 在改进形式中，阀体的壁的整个内部或选定部分或包含阀的燃烧室可以用合成金刚石材料涂覆有或没有保护性外涂层。

    Pump for pressure exceeding one thousand atmospheres
    419.
    发明授权
    Pump for pressure exceeding one thousand atmospheres 失效
    泵压力超过一千个大气压

    公开(公告)号：US5032064A

    公开(公告)日：1991-07-16

    申请号：US337716

    申请日：1989-04-13

    Applicant: Karl Eickmann

    Inventor： Karl Eickmann

    IPC: F01B19/00 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B75/36 ,  F02F3/28 ,  F04B43/02 ,  F16J3/02

    CPC classification number: F01B19/00 ,  F02B75/36 ,  F02F3/28 ,  F04B43/02 ,  F16J3/02 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046

    Abstract: A pump has in a housing a revolvable shaft which drives a piston stroke guide body. Drive pistons are provided with piston shoes which run on the guide face of the piston stroke guide body and drive fluid supply pistons of smaller diameter. The pump preferably has a fluid separator between lubricating and non-lubricating fluid, like for example between oil and water, whereof one of the fluids flows through an inner chamber which is provided with inlet and outlet valves while the other fluid acts in an outer chamber which is open toward the cylinder wherein the fluid supply piston reciprocates. Dead space fillers are provided to prevent losses by compression of fluid and seal means are assembled to prevent leakage of fluid from one into the other of the chambers. The fluid separator may be compressible and expandable within the elasticaly deformable range of the material whereof it is made. The pump includes sophisticated tenchologies which necessiated more than half a decade of intensive research and testing but it is now capable of pumping fluid, including water, of several thousand atmospheres of pressure.

    Abstract translation: 泵在壳体中具有驱动活塞行程引导体的可转动轴。 驱动活塞设有活塞脚，活塞鞋在活塞行程引导体的导向面上运行，驱动更小直径的流体供给活塞。 泵优选地在润滑和非润滑流体之间具有流体分离器，例如在油和水之间，其中一个流体流过设有入口和出口阀的内部室，而另一个流体作用在外部室 其朝向气缸敞开，其中流体供应活塞往复运动。 提供死空间填料以防止流体压缩造成的损失，并且组装密封装置以防止流体从一个室泄漏到另一个室中。 流体分离器可以在其制造的材料的弹性可变形范围内是可压缩的和可膨胀的。 该泵包括复杂的十字绣，这需要十多年的深入研究和测试，但现在能够泵送几千个大气压的流体，包括水。

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