摘要:
This invention pertains to optical waveguides which includes waveguides ofll shapes and sizes, preforms, and optical fibers made from the preforms, and to a method for making waveguides devoid of a physical interface. The method includes preparation of a waveguide from a halide-containing glass, heating the waveguide to a temperature below crystallization temperature of the glass so that it is still solid, providing a gaseous reactive medium containing halide ions of higher electronegativity than halide ions in the waveguide, exposing the waveguide to said reactive medium for a sufficient duration for the halide ions of higher electronegativity in the reactive medium to replace at least a portion of the halide ions of lower electronegativity in the waveguide, and cooling the waveguide whereby a lower refractive index is formed on the side of the waveguide exposed to the reactive medium than the refractive index internally of the waveguide so that light can travel through the portion of the waveguide having the higher refractive index.
摘要:
A method for making a gradient index infrared transmitting optic by thermally treating a preform, where the preform comprises two or more infrared transmitting glasses having different compositions and optical properties, where there is an interface between adjacent glasses, where during the thermal treatment one or more chemical elements from the glasses diffuses through one or more interface resulting in a diffused gradient index optical element comprising a gradient in the chemical element concentration, and where the optical element has a gradient in refractive index and dispersion. Also disclosed is the related infrared transmitting optical element made by this method.
摘要:
A method of containing molten aluminum using non-wetting materials comprising depositing MgAl2O4, or one selected from an oxide, Al2O3, nitride, AlN, BN, carbide, and SiC, onto a crucible. An apparatus for containment of molten aluminum using non-wetting materials comprising a layer of MgAl2O4, or one selected from an oxide, Al2O3, nitride, AlN, BN, carbide, and SiC, deposited onto a crucible.
摘要翻译:一种使用非润湿材料包含熔融铝的方法,包括将MgAl 2 O 4或选自氧化物,Al 2 O 3,氮化物,AlN,BN,碳化物和SiC中的一种沉积到坩埚上。 使用非湿润材料来容纳熔融铝的装置,其包括沉积在坩埚上的MgAl 2 O 4层或选自氧化物,Al 2 O 3,氮化物,AlN,BN,碳化物和SiC的一层。
摘要:
A microstructured ZnO coating that improves the performance of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) photovoltaic (PV) devices via two mechanisms; it acts an antireflective layer with superior non-normal performance to thin film anti-reflective (AR) coatings, and it scatters a large fraction of incoming light at a large angle, resulting in absorption that is on average closer to the p-n junction.
摘要:
A device for the generation of supercontinuum in infrared fiber with a pump light comprising a microchip laser operating with a wavelength of 1.0 μm or greater that can be wavelength shifted though a nonlinear element to a wavelength beyond the two-photon absorption of the infrared fiber and launched into infrared fiber whereby the spectrum is broadened in the infrared fiber through various nonlinear processes to generate a supercontinuum within the mid-IR from 2 to 14 μm.
摘要:
A fiber-end surface structuring chamber or system having a main body with multiple ports including a fiber-holder port, a process port that is either a stamp/shim holder port or a plasma etching enabler port, an evacuation port, a gas delivery port, and one or more observation ports, where the fiber-end surface structuring system forms structures directly into the end of the fiber to enhance transmission of light over a wide range of wavelengths and increase the laser damage threshold.
摘要:
A composition comprising india stabilized gadolinia wherein the india stabilized gadolinia is an oxide with a direct substitution of the indium ion for the gadolinia ion resulting in a compound with the formula InxGd2-xO3.
摘要翻译:包含印度稳定的氧化钆的组合物,其中印度稳定的氧化钆是直接用铟离子代替钆氧离子的氧化物,得到具有式In x Gd 2-x O 3的化合物。
摘要:
An article made by: sputtering molybdenum onto a flexible glass substrate, and depositing a photovoltaic material on the molybdenum by sputtering, thermal evaporation, multi-target ternary or binary sputtering, or nanoparticle techniques.
摘要:
A method of forming a CZT(S,Se) thin film from a quaternary target involves sputtering a quaternary target onto a substrate, wherein the quaternary target comprises (a) copper, (b) zinc, (c) tin, and (d) selenium and/or sulfur, wherein each component (a) through (d) is present in the quaternary target within ±50% of a 2:1:1:4 molar ratio, respectively, thereby forming a CZT(S,Se) thin film on the substrate, wherein the CZT(S,Se) thin film has a kesterite crystalline phase and a band gap of about 1.0 to 1.5 eV. In an embodiment, a ternary target is employed.
摘要:
A method for forming a photovoltaic device by depositing at least one wetting layer onto a substrate where the wetting layer is ≦100 nm and sputtering a photovoltaic material onto the wetting layer where the wetting layer interacts with the photovoltaic material. Also disclosed is the related photovoltaic device made by this method. The wetting layer may comprise any combination of In2Se3, CuSe2, Cu2Se, Ga2Se3, In2S3, CuS2, Cu2S, Ga2S3, CuInSe2, CuGaSe2, InxGa2-xSe3 where 0≦x≦2, CuInS2, CuGaS2, InxGa2-xS3 where 0≦x≦2, In2Se3-xSx where 0≦x≦3, CuSe2-xSx where 0≦x≦2, Cu2Se1-xSx, (0≦x≦1), Ga2Se3-xSx where 0≦x≦3, and InxGa2-xS3-ySy where 0≦x≦2, 0≦y≦3. The photovoltaic material may be a CIGS (copper indium gallium diselenide) material or a variation of a CIGS material where a CIGS component is replaced or supplemented with any combination of sulfur, tellurium, aluminum, and silver.