High throughput laser ablation processes and structures for forming contact holes in solar cells
    41.
    发明授权
    High throughput laser ablation processes and structures for forming contact holes in solar cells 有权
    用于在太阳能电池中形成接触孔的高通量激光烧蚀工艺和结构

    公开(公告)号:US08692111B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-04-08

    申请号:US13298136

    申请日:2011-11-16

    IPC分类号: H01L21/00 H01L31/00

    摘要: Contact holes of solar cells are formed by laser ablation to accommodate various solar cell designs. Throughput of the solar cell ablation process is improved by incorporating linear base diffusion regions with narrow width, for example as compared to an overlying metal contact. Throughput of the solar cell ablation process may also be improved by having contact holes to base diffusion regions that are perpendicular to contact holes to emitter diffusion regions. To allow for continuous laser scanning, a laser blocking layer may be located over an interlayer dielectric to prevent contact hole formation on certain regions, such as regions where a metal contact of one polarity may electrically shunt to a diffusion region of opposite polarity. In a hybrid design, a solar cell may have both linear and dotted base diffusion regions. An electro-optical modulator may be employed to allow for continuous laser scanning in dotted base diffusion designs.

    摘要翻译: 通过激光烧蚀形成太阳能电池的接触孔,以适应各种太阳能电池设计。 通过结合具有窄宽度的线性基极扩散区域,例如与覆盖的金属接触相比,改善了太阳能电池烧蚀过程的吞吐量。 通过将与接触孔垂直的基底扩散区域的接触孔设置到发射极扩散区,也可以改善太阳能电池烧蚀过程的吞吐量。 为了允许连续激光扫描,激光阻挡层可以位于层间电介质上方,以防止在某些区域(例如一个极性的金属接触可以电分流到相反极性的扩散区域的区域)上的接触孔形成。 在混合设计中,太阳能电池可以具有线性和点状的基极扩散区域。 可以使用电光调制器来允许在虚点扩散设计中的连续激光扫描。

    Fabrication of solar cells with counter doping prevention
    44.
    发明授权
    Fabrication of solar cells with counter doping prevention 有权
    制造具有防止反掺杂的太阳能电池

    公开(公告)号:US08377738B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-02-19

    申请号:US12828573

    申请日:2010-07-01

    IPC分类号: H01L31/0288

    摘要: A solar cell fabrication process includes printing of dopant sources over a polysilicon layer over backside of a solar cell substrate. The dopant sources are cured to diffuse dopants from the dopant sources into the polysilicon layer to form diffusion regions, and to crosslink the dopant sources to make them resistant to a subsequently performed texturing process. To prevent counter doping, dopants from one of the dopant sources are prevented from outgassing and diffusing into the other dopant source. For example, phosphorus from an N-type dopant source is prevented from diffusing to a P-type dopant source comprising boron.

    摘要翻译: 太阳能电池制造工艺包括在太阳能电池基板的背面上的多晶硅层上印刷掺杂剂源。 固化掺杂剂源以将来自掺杂剂源的掺杂剂漫射到多晶硅层中以形成扩散区域,并且使掺杂剂源交联以使其对随后进行的纹理化工艺具有抗性。 为了防止反掺杂,防止来自掺杂剂源之一的掺杂剂脱气并扩散到另一种掺杂剂源中。 例如,防止来自N型掺杂剂源的磷扩散到包含硼的P型掺杂剂源。

    High throughput solar cell ablation system
    45.
    发明授权
    High throughput solar cell ablation system 有权
    高通量太阳能电池消融系统

    公开(公告)号:US08263899B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-09-11

    申请号:US12829275

    申请日:2010-07-01

    IPC分类号: B23K26/067

    摘要: A solar cell is formed using a solar cell ablation system. The ablation system includes a single laser source and several laser scanners. The laser scanners include a master laser scanner, with the rest of the laser scanners being slaved to the master laser scanner. A laser beam from the laser source is split into several laser beams, with the laser beams being scanned onto corresponding wafers using the laser scanners in accordance with one or more patterns. The laser beams may be scanned on the wafers using the same or different power levels of the laser source.

    摘要翻译: 使用太阳能电池消融系统形成太阳能电池。 消融系统包括单个激光源和几个激光扫描仪。 激光扫描仪包括主激光扫描仪,其余的激光扫描仪从属于主激光扫描仪。 来自激光源的激光束被分成几个激光束,根据一个或多个图案,使用激光扫描仪将激光束扫描到相应的晶片上。 可以使用激光源的相同或不同功率水平在晶片上扫描激光束。

    Front contact solar cell with formed electrically conducting layers on the front side and backside
    46.
    发明授权
    Front contact solar cell with formed electrically conducting layers on the front side and backside 有权
    前接触太阳能电池在前侧和后侧具有形成的导电层

    公开(公告)号:US08207444B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-06-26

    申请号:US12166266

    申请日:2008-07-01

    IPC分类号: H01L31/0368 H01L331/028

    摘要: A bipolar solar cell includes a backside junction formed by a silicon substrate and a first doped layer of a first dopant type on the backside of the solar cell. A second doped layer of a second dopant type makes an electrical connection to the substrate from the front side of the solar cell. A first metal contact of a first electrical polarity electrically connects to the first doped layer on the backside of the solar cell, and a second metal contact of a second electrical polarity electrically connects to the second doped layer on the front side of the solar cell. An external electrical circuit may be electrically connected to the first and second metal contacts to be powered by the solar cell.

    摘要翻译: 双极太阳能电池包括在太阳能电池的背面上由硅衬底和第一掺杂剂类型的第一掺杂层形成的背面结。 第二掺杂剂型的第二掺杂层从太阳能电池的正面与基底电连接。 第一电极性的第一金属接触电连接到太阳能电池背面上的第一掺杂层,第二电极性的第二金属接触电连接到太阳能电池正面上的第二掺杂层。 外部电路可以电连接到由太阳能电池供电的第一和第二金属触点。

    Back side contact solar cell structures and fabrication processes
    47.
    发明授权
    Back side contact solar cell structures and fabrication processes 有权
    背面接触太阳能电池结构和制造工艺

    公开(公告)号:US08163638B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-04-24

    申请号:US12883045

    申请日:2010-09-15

    IPC分类号: H01L21/225 H01L31/0224

    摘要: In one embodiment, active diffusion junctions of a solar cell are formed by diffusing dopants from dopant sources selectively deposited on the back side of a wafer. The dopant sources may be selectively deposited using a printing method, for example. Multiple dopant sources may be employed to form active diffusion regions of varying doping levels. For example, three or four active diffusion regions may be fabricated to optimize the silicon/dielectric, silicon/metal, or both interfaces of a solar cell. The front side of the wafer may be textured prior to forming the dopant sources using a texturing process that minimizes removal of wafer material. Openings to allow metal gridlines to be connected to the active diffusion junctions may be formed using a self-aligned contact opening etch process to minimize the effects of misalignments.

    摘要翻译: 在一个实施例中,太阳能电池的有源扩散接合通过从掺杂源选择性地沉积在晶片的背面上的掺杂剂扩散而形成。 可以使用例如印刷方法选择性地沉积掺杂剂源。 可以使用多种掺杂剂源来形成具有不同掺杂浓度的有源扩散区域。 例如,可以制造三个或四个有源扩散区以优化太阳能电池的硅/电介质,硅/金属或两个界面。 在使用使晶片材料的去除最小化的纹理化工艺形成掺杂剂源之前,可以对晶片的前侧进行纹理化。 允许金属网格线连接到有源扩散结的开口可以使用自对准的接触开口蚀刻工艺形成,以最小化未对准的影响。

    Front Contact Solar Cell With Formed Electrically Conducting Layers On the Front Side And Backside
    49.
    发明申请
    Front Contact Solar Cell With Formed Electrically Conducting Layers On the Front Side And Backside 有权
    前接触太阳能电池与正面和背面形成导电层

    公开(公告)号:US20100000597A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-01-07

    申请号:US12166266

    申请日:2008-07-01

    IPC分类号: H01L31/00

    摘要: A bipolar solar cell includes a backside junction formed by a silicon substrate and a first doped layer of a first dopant type on the backside of the solar cell. A second doped layer of a second dopant type makes an electrical connection to the substrate from the front side of the solar cell. A first metal contact of a first electrical polarity electrically connects to the first doped layer on the backside of the solar cell, and a second metal contact of a second electrical polarity electrically connects to the second doped layer on the front side of the solar cell. An external electrical circuit may be electrically connected to the first and second metal contacts to be powered by the solar cell.

    摘要翻译: 双极太阳能电池包括在太阳能电池的背面上由硅衬底和第一掺杂剂类型的第一掺杂层形成的背面结。 第二掺杂剂型的第二掺杂层从太阳能电池的正面与基底电连接。 第一电极性的第一金属接触电连接到太阳能电池背面上的第一掺杂层,第二电极性的第二金属接触电连接到太阳能电池正面上的第二掺杂层。 外部电路可以电连接到由太阳能电池供电的第一和第二金属触点。

    Solar cell with reduced base diffusion area
    50.
    发明申请
    Solar cell with reduced base diffusion area 有权
    具有减小的基底扩散面积的太阳能电池

    公开(公告)号:US20080017243A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-01-24

    申请号:US11492282

    申请日:2006-07-24

    IPC分类号: H01L31/00

    摘要: In one embodiment, a solar cell has base and emitter diffusion regions formed on the back side. The emitter diffusion region is configured to collect minority charge carriers in the solar cell, while the base diffusion region is configured to collect majority charge carriers. The emitter diffusion region may be a continuous region separating the base diffusion regions. Each of the base diffusion regions may have a reduced area to decrease minority charge carrier recombination losses without substantially increasing series resistance losses due to lateral flow of majority charge carriers. Each of the base diffusion regions may have a dot shape, for example.

    摘要翻译: 在一个实施例中,太阳能电池在背面形成有基极和发射极扩散区。 发射极扩散区被配置为收集太阳能电池中的少数电荷载流子,而基极扩散区被配置为收集多数电荷载流子。 发射极扩散区域可以是分离基极扩散区域的连续区域。 每个基极扩散区可以具有减小的面积以减少少数电荷载流子复合损耗,而不会由于多数电荷载流子的横向流动而基本上增加串联电阻损耗。 例如,每个基底扩散区域可以具有点状。