摘要:
Provided are a dual mode semiconductor laser and a terahertz wave apparatus using the same. The dual mode semiconductor laser includes a distributed feedback laser structure section including a first diffraction grating on a substrate and a distributed Bragg reflector laser structure section including a second diffraction grating on the substrate. A first wavelength oscillated by the distributed feedback laser structure section and a second wavelength oscillated by the distributed Bragg reflector laser structure section are different from each other, and the distributed feedback laser structure section and the distributed Bragg reflector laser structure section share the same gain medium with each other.
摘要:
A control device and an LED light emitting device using the same are provided and technology of providing a high contrast ratio to the LED light emitting device and allowing the LED light emitting device to perform a stable operation is disclosed. The LED light emitting device includes a DC/DC converter reference voltage generator that generates a DC/DC converter reference voltage so that a minimum level of a channel voltage having a largest LED voltage drop agrees with a predetermined minimum reference voltage by detecting a plurality of channel voltages corresponding to LED voltage drops of each of a plurality of LED channels LED and an output voltage controller that controls an output voltage of the DC/DC converter using a distribution voltage corresponding to an output voltage and the DC/DC converter reference voltage.
摘要:
Provided is a multi-wavelength optical source generator. The multi-wavelength optical source generator includes: a gain part generating a plurality of lights through a plurality of gain waveguides; a reflective part transmitting or reflecting lights provided from each of the plurality of gain waveguides according to a wavelength; and a multiplexing part multiplexing a plurality of lights transmitted and outputted through the reflective part.
摘要:
Disclosed is a transmitter optical module which includes a first package generating an optical signal; a second package bonded with the first package by using chip-to-chip bonding, having a silicon optical circuit platform structure, and amplifying the optical signal; and an optical waveguide forming a transmission path of the optical signal from the first package to the second package.
摘要:
An inverter driver controls an inverter that supplies driving voltages to a plurality of discharge lamps. The inverter driver senses the abnormal operation of the plurality of discharge lamps based on a plurality of first feedback voltages corresponding to the plurality of driving voltages supplied to the discharge lamps and a plurality of second feedback voltages corresponding to the current flowing through the plurality of discharge lamps. The inverter driver is formed in a single integrated circuit.
摘要:
A fuel cell system includes a reformer for generating hydrogen gas from fuel containing hydrogen using a chemical catalytic reaction and thermal energy. At least one electricity generator generates electrical energy by an electrochemical reaction of the hydrogen gas and oxygen. A fuel supply assembly supplies fuel to the reformer, and an oxygen supply assembly supplies oxygen to the at least one electricity generator. A heat exchanger is connected to the reformer and to the at least one electricity generator. The heat exchanger supplies thermal energy of the reformer, during initial operation of the system, to the at least one electricity generator so as to pre-heat the at least one electricity generator.
摘要:
Provided is an optical device. The optical device includes a substrate having a waveguide region and a mounting region, a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) waveguide including a lower-clad layer and an upper-clad layer on the waveguide region of the substrate and a platform core between the lower-clad layer and the upper-clad layer, a terrace defined by etching the lower-clad layer on the mounting region of the substrate, the terrace including an interlocking part, an optical active chip mounted on the mounting region of the substrate, the optical active chip including a chip core therein, and a chip alignment mark disposed on a mounting surface of the optical active chip. The optical active chip is aligned by interlocking between the interlocking part of the terrace and the chip alignment mark of the optical active chip and mounted on the mounting region.
摘要:
In an apparatus and method for automatically correcting a design pattern in view of different process defects, defect characteristic functions that indicate frequencies of each process defect independent from one another are generated, and a normalization factor that indicates relationships between the defect characteristic functions is determined. A general defect characteristic function indicating a frequency of general defects is generated using the defect characteristic functions and the normalization factor. The general defect causes the same process failure as caused by each of the process defects. The design pattern is modified using the general defect characteristic function in such a manner that the frequency of the general defects is minimized when at least one portion of the design pattern corresponding to the model pattern is transcribed on the substrate. Accordingly, the whole design pattern may be automatically corrected based on the general defect characteristic function.
摘要:
The present invention is a stacked fuel cell system which is formed by stacking a plurality of electricity generators, each electricity generator having a membrane-electrode assembly and a separator provided with the membrane-electrode assembly. The stack comprises an aligner which is disposed at least one portion of the separator and which couples and aligns the plurality of electricity generators.
摘要:
An overlay mark includes at least one hole array formed on a semiconductor substrate and at least one linear trench adjacent to the hole array. The hole array may be formed adjacent to the linear trench along a predetermined direction. When alignment errors among patterns formed at predetermined portion of the semiconductor substrate are detected, the overlay mark may provide a contrast of light with a desired width and a high level so that alignment errors of patterns formed on the semiconductor substrate may be accurately detected and corrected using the overlay mark.