公开(公告)号：US20090056222A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-05

申请号：US12176118

申请日：2008-07-18

Applicant: Alexander F. Gutsol ,  Alexander Fridman ,  Anatoliy Polevich ,  Michael J. Gallagher

Inventor： Alexander F. Gutsol ,  Alexander Fridman ,  Anatoliy Polevich ,  Michael J. Gallagher

IPC: C10J3/18 ,  C10J1/00

CPC classification number: C01B3/26 ,  C10J3/18 ,  C10J3/487 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1238 ,  Y02P20/145

Abstract: A reactor for reforming a hydrocarbon, and associated processes and systems, are described herein. In one example, a reactor is provided that is configured to use non-equilibrium gliding arc discharge plasma. In another example, the reactor uses a vortex flow pattern. Two stages of reforming are described. In a first stage, the hydrocarbon absorbs heat from the wall of the reactor and combusts to form carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and water. In a second stage, a gliding arc discharge is use to form syngas, which is a mixture of hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide. The heat generated by the combustion of the first stage transfers to the wall of the reactor and heated products of the second stage mix with incoming hydrocarbon to provide for partial recuperation of the reaction energy.

Abstract translation: 本文描述了用于重整碳氢化合物的反应器以及相关联的方法和系统。 在一个示例中，提供了构造成使用非平衡滑动电弧放电等离子体的反应器。 在另一个实例中，反应器使用涡流模式。 描述了两个阶段的改造。 在第一阶段，烃从反应器壁吸收热量并燃烧形成二氧化碳，一氧化碳和水。 在第二阶段中，使用滑动电弧放电来形成合成气，其是氢气和一氧化碳的混合物。 由第一阶段的燃烧产生的热量转移到反应器的壁和第二阶段的加热产物与进入的烃混合以提供反应能量的部分回收。

公开(公告)号：US20080141588A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-19

申请号：US11999651

申请日：2007-12-06

Applicant: Volker Kirchhubel ,  Matthias Kohler ,  Manfred Schingnitz

Inventor： Volker Kirchhubel ,  Matthias Kohler ,  Manfred Schingnitz

IPC: C10J3/68

CPC classification number: C10J3/485 ,  C01B3/363 ,  C01B2203/0216 ,  C01B2203/0255 ,  C01B2203/1235 ,  C10J3/487 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J3/845 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0989 ,  C10K1/101

Abstract: There is described a reactor for entrained flow gasification for operation with dust-type or liquid fuels, wherein a number of gasification burners are disposed away from the reactor axis, with the center line of a gasification burner having an oblique position that is other than parallel to the reactor axis, it being possible for said oblique position to extend at different angles up to an angle of 90°. The center line does not necessarily have to intersect the reactor axis; rather the center line can pass the reactor axis at a predetermined distance. This arrangement is associated with a significant reduction in the unwanted discharge of dust-type fine slag, which is difficult to utilize, in conjunction with the possibility of reducing the reactor diameter due to its structure.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于使用灰尘或液体燃料操作的夹带流气化反应器，其中多个气化燃烧器远离反应器轴线设置，气化燃烧器的中心线具有不同于平行的倾斜位置 所述倾斜位置能够以不同的角度延伸至90°的角度。 中心线不一定必须与反应器轴线相交; 相反，中心线可以将反应器轴线以预定距离通过。 这种布置与难以利用的灰尘型细渣的不期望的排放的显着减少以及由于其结构而降低反应器直径的可能性相关联。

公开(公告)号：US20070205092A1

公开(公告)日：2007-09-06

申请号：US11368820

申请日：2006-03-06

Applicant: Robert Klepper

Inventor： Robert Klepper

IPC: C07C27/26 ,  B01D3/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/84 ,  C10J3/487 ,  C10J3/50 ,  C10J2200/15 ,  C10J2200/154 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/0903 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0973

Abstract: An apparatus designed to form syn gas from carbonaceous materials such as coal includes a devolatilization reactor in combination with a reformer reactor which subsequently forms syn gas. The reformer reactor, in turn, is in communication with a particulate separator. The devolatilization reactor is fed with material using a compression feeder which drives air from the feed material, compresses it in a feed zone forming a seal between the feed hopper and the devolatilization reactor. The reformer reactor, as well as the particulate separators, are maintained in a heated furnace so that the temperature of the formed syn gas does not decrease below the reaction temperature until particulate material has been separated.

Abstract translation: 设计用于从碳质材料如煤形成合成气的设备包括与随后形成合成气的重整器反应器组合的脱挥发反应器。 重整器反应器又与颗粒分离器连通。 脱挥发反应器使用压缩进料器进料，该压缩进料器驱动来自进料的空气，并将其压缩在进料区中，形成进料斗和脱挥发反应器之间的密封。 重整器反应器以及颗粒分离器被保持在加热的炉中，使得所形成的合成气的温度不降低到低于反应温度直到颗粒物质分离。

公开(公告)号：US5755165A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-26

申请号：US505642

申请日：1995-07-21

Applicant: Keisuke Sonoda ,  Toshiyuki Takegawa ,  Kimishiro Tokuda ,  Yoshinori Kobayashi ,  Takaharu Toyoda ,  Fumiya Nakashima

Inventor： Keisuke Sonoda ,  Toshiyuki Takegawa ,  Kimishiro Tokuda ,  Yoshinori Kobayashi ,  Takaharu Toyoda ,  Fumiya Nakashima

IPC: F23D1/02 ,  C10J3/48

CPC classification number: C10J3/487 ,  C10J3/526 ,  C10J2300/1223

Abstract: An improvement of a coal firing device applied to coal gasifiers, boilers for power generation, etc. On the inner walls of a ceiling portion (4) of a firing furnace (3) and of a throat portion (2) thereabove, and of a diffuser portion (6) further thereabove, where necessary, plate-like vortex breaker(s) (1A, 1B) is/are provided. Vortex flow of gas in the vicinity of the inner wall surface around the throat portion (2) is thereby weakened and molten slag sticking on the wall surface is suppressed to be pushed up by the gas. There occurs neither staying of molten slag at the diffuser portion (6) nor scattering of slag, and blockade of furnace due to solid-phase slag does not occur.

Abstract translation: 改进了用于煤气化炉，发电锅炉等的燃煤装置。在燃烧炉（3）的顶部（4）和上部的喉部（2）的内壁上，以及 进一步在其上方的扩散器部分（6），在必要时提供板状涡流破碎机（1A，1B）。 因此，在喉部（2）周围的内壁面附近的气体的涡流被削弱，并且抑制粘附在壁面上的熔融渣被气体向上推。 不会在扩散器部分（6）处停留熔渣，也不会发生熔渣的散落，不会发生固相炉渣的堵塞。

公开(公告)号：US5725615A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-10

申请号：US537438

申请日：1995-10-02

Applicant: Atsushi Morihara ,  Takanori Kudo ,  Sinji Tanaka ,  Shuntaro Koyama ,  Eiji Kida

Inventor： Atsushi Morihara ,  Takanori Kudo ,  Sinji Tanaka ,  Shuntaro Koyama ,  Eiji Kida

IPC: F02C3/28 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/38

CPC classification number: C10J3/487 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  C10J2300/1646 ,  C10J2300/165 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  C10J2300/1675 ,  Y02E20/18

Abstract: According to the apparatus and method, combustible gas having a stable composition can be formed even if the load is charged. Burners are provided in the upper and the lower regions of an entrained bed coal gasification reactor. The temperature of the product gas is kept low in the upper region and high in the lower region. The volumes of the upper and lower regions are changed to meet the load so that the rate of heat loss becomes constant even if the load changes. Since the rate of heat loss can be kept constant and consequently variation of the composition of the product gas can be suppressed small, the efficiency of the coal gasification electric power generating system can be kept constant.

Abstract translation: 根据该装置和方法，即使负载被充电，也可以形成具有稳定组成的可燃性气体。 燃烧器设置在夹带式煤气化反应器的上部和下部区域中。 产物气体的温度在上部区域保持较低，在较低的区域保持较高。 上部和下部区域的容积被改变以满足负载，使得即使负载变化，热损失的速率变得恒定。 由于能够保持热损失率恒定，能够抑制产品气体的组成的变化，所以能够使煤气化发电系统的效率保持一定。

公开(公告)号：US5656043A

公开(公告)日：1997-08-12

申请号：US421251

申请日：1995-04-13

Applicant: Klaus Dobbeling

Inventor： Klaus Dobbeling

IPC: C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10L3/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/487 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  C10J2300/1861 ,  F23C2900/07002

Abstract: When carrying out a radiant heat exchange between two media, one medium being a hot gas (5) and the other medium being a gasification mixture (11) of fuel and steam, the device consists of a gasification vessel (1) which, for its part, consists of a reaction space (2), an intermediate tube (4) and a flow space (3). In the reaction space (2), the hot gases (5) flow away centrally in the direction of the intermediate tube (4) and the flow space (3). The gasification mixture (11) flows in the opposite direction out of the flow space (3) and the intermediate tube (4). This gasification mixture surrounds the hot gases (5) in such a way that the radiant heat exchange takes place between the two media (5, 11).

Abstract translation: 当在两个介质之间进行辐射热交换时，一个介质是热气（5），另一个介质是燃料和蒸汽的气化混合物（11），该装置由气化容器（1） 部分由反应空间（2），中间管（4）和流动空间（3）组成。 在反应空间（2）中，热气体（5）沿中间管（4）和流动空间（3）的方向中心流动。 气化混合物（11）沿相反方向流出流动空间（3）和中间管（4）。 这种气化混合物围绕热气体（5），使得辐射热交换发生在两个介质（5,11）之间。

公开(公告)号：US4704971A

公开(公告)日：1987-11-10

申请号：US938727

申请日：1986-12-05

Applicant: Klaus Fleischer ,  Peter Gohler ,  Rolf Mangler ,  Christian Reuther ,  Manfred Schingnitz ,  Friedrich Berger ,  Ernest Gudymov ,  Vladimir Semenov ,  Vasilij Fedotov ,  Boris Rodionov

Inventor： Klaus Fleischer ,  Peter Gohler ,  Rolf Mangler ,  Christian Reuther ,  Manfred Schingnitz ,  Friedrich Berger ,  Ernest Gudymov ,  Vladimir Semenov ,  Vasilij Fedotov ,  Boris Rodionov

IPC: C10J3/48 ,  F23D1/02

CPC classification number: C10J3/487 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976

Abstract: The invention relates to burners for the gasification of pulverized coal--injected in a dense phase--with steam and oxygen, and it can be employed for coal gasification in the chemical industry. Objects of the present invention are to increase the reliability in operation of the burner and to improve the quality of the gas obtained from the gasification process. The burner should be designed in such a way that a reliable operation is attained under the conditions of the gasification process (e. g. high pressures and temperatures within the gasifier). The design of the pulverized-coal feeding device, the water-cooled jacket and the swirl chamber according to the invention are described in detail.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用蒸汽和氧气密炼的粉煤气化燃烧器，可用于化工行业的煤气化。 本发明的目的是提高燃烧器运行的可靠性并提高从气化过程获得的气体的质量。 燃烧器应设计成在气化过程（例如气化器内的高压和高温）的条件下可以获得可靠的操作。 详细描述根据本发明的粉煤送料装置，水冷套和涡流室的设计。

公开(公告)号：US4351645A

公开(公告)日：1982-09-28

申请号：US167876

申请日：1980-07-14

Applicant: Charles P. Marion ,  Albert Brent ,  George N. Richter ,  William B. Crouch ,  Edward T. Child ,  Blake Reynolds

Inventor： Charles P. Marion ,  Albert Brent ,  George N. Richter ,  William B. Crouch ,  Edward T. Child ,  Blake Reynolds

IPC: C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/50

CPC classification number: C10J3/723 ,  C01B3/363 ,  C10J3/487 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  C10J2300/1846

Abstract: A burner for producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. The burner has a high turndown feature and comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said annular passage; and wherein the downstream ends of said central and annular bunches of parallel tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifice and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. Three ranges of flow through the burner may be obtained by using one or both bunches of tubes and their surrounding conduits. Throughput levels may be rapidly changed--up and down--without sacrificing stable operation. Additional mixing of the reactant streams is obtained in one embodiment by providing one or more coaxial cylindrical shaped pre-mix chambers in series in the central conduit and/or one or more annular shaped pre-mix chambers in series in the annular passage.

Abstract translation: 用于从固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃燃料的浆料生产合成气，燃料气体或还原气体的燃烧器。 燃烧器具有高的调节特征并且包括中心导管; 一束中心的平行管，其纵向延伸穿过所述中心导管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及沿所述环形通道纵向延伸的环形束平行管; 并且其中所述平行管的所述中心和环形束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游缩回约0至12的距离，即中心出口孔的最小直径的3至10倍，并且环形出口的最小宽度 孔。 可以通过使用一束或两束管及其周围的导管获得通过燃烧器的三个流量范围。 吞吐量水平可能会快速上升和下降，而不会影响稳定运行。 在一个实施方案中，通过在中心管道中串联提供一个或多个同轴圆柱形的预混合室和/或在环形通道中串联的一个或多个环形预混合室来获得反应物流的额外混合。

公开(公告)号：US4334959A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-15

申请号：US141756

申请日：1980-04-18

Applicant: Norman W. Green

Inventor： Norman W. Green

IPC: B01F5/04 ,  B01F13/02 ,  B01J8/00 ,  C10B49/20 ,  C10J3/50 ,  C10B3/00

CPC classification number: B01F5/045 ,  B01F13/0227 ,  B01F5/0466 ,  B01J8/003 ,  C10B49/20 ,  C10J3/487 ,  C10J3/50 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J2200/152

Abstract: Method of mixing particulate materials comprising contacting a primary source and a secondary source thereof whereby resulting mixture ensues; preferably at least one of the two sources has enough motion to insure good mixing and the particulate materials may be heat treated if desired.Apparatus for such mixing comprising an inlet for a primary source, a reactor communicating therewith, a feeding means for supplying a secondary source to the reactor, and an inlet for the secondary source. Feeding means is preferably adapted to supply fluidized materials.

Abstract translation: 混合颗粒材料的方法，包括使初级源和次级源接触，从而产生混合物; 优选地，两个源中的至少一个源具有足够的运动以确保良好的混合，并且如果需要，可以对颗粒材料进行热处理。 用于这种混合的设备包括用于主要来源的入口，与之连通的反应器，用于向反应器供应次级源的进料装置和用于次级源的入口。 进料装置优选适于供应流化材料。

公开(公告)号：US4042344A

公开(公告)日：1977-08-16

申请号：US684003

申请日：1976-05-07

Applicant: Thomas George Callcott ,  Terrence Kevin Deague

Inventor： Thomas George Callcott ,  Terrence Kevin Deague

IPC: C10J3/46 ,  B01J12/00 ,  C01B3/22 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10G9/00 ,  C10J3/48 ,  F23C1/00 ,  C10J1/12

CPC classification number: F23C1/00 ,  C01B3/22 ,  C01B3/346 ,  C10J3/487 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976

Abstract: A process for the production of a gaseous mixture containing substantial amounts of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which comprises: (1) blending an oxidizing gas and a primary fuel within a combustion chamber having a combustion zone, which is substantially free of baffles, to produce a compressible gas or gas-like mixture; (2) causing the mixture to assume a highly turbulent compact and self-contained configuration by subjecting it to swirl, the swirling mixture having a swirl number greater than 0.5 and no greater than 1.5, and igniting the mixture when in this configuration to achieve total combustion of the primary fuel to produce hot gaseous products; and (3) thereafter mixing and reacting the hot gaseous products with a gas-like secondary fuel in the combustion chamber, wherein the secondary fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber adjacent to the wall thereof and in physical contact with the self-contained configuration, to produce a gaseous mixture containing substantial amounts of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

Abstract translation: 一种用于生产含有大量一氧化碳和氢气的气体混合物的方法，其包括：（1）在具有基本上没有挡板的燃烧区的燃烧室内混合氧化性气体和初级燃料以产生 可压缩气体或气体混合物; （2）通过使混合物旋转，导致混合物具有高度湍流的紧凑且独立的构型，漩涡混合物具有大于0.5且不大于1.5的漩涡数，并且在该构型中点燃混合物以达到总体 主燃料的燃烧产生热气体产物; 和（3）之后，将热的气态产物与燃烧室中的气体二次燃料混合和反应，其中二次燃料被引入与其壁相邻的燃烧室中并且与自包含构型物理接触， 以产生含有大量一氧化碳和氢气的气体混合物。