Abstract:
A substrate processing chamber, particularly a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) chamber used both for thermal deposition of a conductive material and a subsequently performed plasma process. The invention reduces thermal deposition of the conductive material on peripheral portions of the pedestal supporting a wafer and in a pumping channel exhausting the chamber. A peripheral ring placed on the pedestal, preferably also used to center the wafer, is thermally isolated from the pedestal so that its temperature is kept substantially lower than that of the wafer. Despite its thermal isolation, the peripheral ring is electrically connected to the pedestal to prevent arcing. The pumping channel is lined with various elements, some of which are electrically floating and which are designed so that conductive material deposited on these elements do not deleteriously affect a plasma generated for processing the wafer.
Abstract:
Surface Volatile Material Detector including a vacuum chamber that is adapted to hold a silicon wafer for testing. The surface of the wafer is exposed to a heat source which evaporates the volatile contaminants on the surface of the wafer. A gas composition analyzer samples the atmosphere within the chamber to detect the evaporated contaminants. The device is designed such that the wafer is thermally insulated from the chamber, whereby the wafer is heated while the chamber walls remain cool, and any contaminants which might exist on the walls of the chamber are not evaporated. In the preferred embodiment, the wafer is heated by infrared light illumination.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to PDEI inhibitory compounds of Formula I as described herein, processes for their production, their use as pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a light delivery and collection device for performing spectroscopic analysis of a subject. The light delivery and collection device comprises a reflective cavity with two apertures. The first aperture receives excitation light which then diverges and projects onto the second aperture. The second aperture is applied to the subject such that the reflective cavity substantially forms an enclosure covering an area of the subject. The excitation light interacts with the covered area of the subject to produce inelastic scattering and/or fluorescence emission from the subject. The reflective cavity reflects the excitation light as well as the inelastic scattering and/or fluorescence emission that is reflected and/or back-scattered from the subject and redirects it towards the subject. This causes more excitation light to penetrate into the subject hence enabling sub-surface measurement and also improves the collection efficiency of the inelastic scattering or fluorescence emission. The shape of the reflective cavity is optimized to further improve the collection efficiency.
Abstract:
This invention relates to an apparatus and method for performing bidirectional Raman spectroscopy of a sample, preferably a diffusely scattering sample, in which two excitation light sources are employed to illuminate the sample from two opposite directions to excite Raman scattering signal from the sample. The Raman scattering signal which transmits through the sample are collected by two optical devices each positioned on the opposite side of the sample to obtain two transmission Raman spectra of the sample, which enables the accurate determination of the composition of the whole sample.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to optionally substituted 4,5,7,8-tetrahydro-(optionally 4-oxo, 4-thioxo or 4-imino)-(1H or 2H)-imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazolo[4,3-e]pyrimidine or 4,5,7,8,9-pentahydro-(optionally 4-oxo, 4-thioxo or 4-imino)-(1H or 2H)-pyrimido[1,2-a]pyrazolo[4,3-e]pyrimidine compounds, and methods of using said compound, e.g., wherein the treatment relates to diseases involving disorders of the dopamine D1 receptor intracellular pathway, such as, among others, Parkinson's disease, depression, narcolepsy, damage to cognitive function, e.g., in schizophrenia.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to (1- or 2- and/or 5 and/or 7-substituted)-(3-oxy)-(4H,4-imino, 4-thioxo or 4-oxo)-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-6-ones, e.g., a compound of formula II as described below, processes for their production, their use as pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them. Of particular interest are novel compounds useful as inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 1 (PDE1), e.g., in the treatment of diseases involving disorders of the dopamine D1 receptor intracellular pathway, such as Parkinson's disease, depression, narcolepsy, damage to cognitive function, e.g., in schizophrenia, or disorders that may be ameliorated through enhanced progesterone-signaling pathway, e.g., female sexual dysfunction.
Abstract:
A method for detecting branch fibers is provided, which includes: sending test signals to a plurality of branch fibers, where the test signals are added at ports of the optical splitting module with identification information for identifying branch fibers connected to the ports and receiving a reflection signal added with the identification information of a detected branch fiber, identifying the detected branch fiber corresponding to the reflection signal through detecting the identification information added to the reflection information, and obtaining channel characteristics of the detected branch fiber according to the reflection signal. Further, a system and an apparatus for detecting branch fibers are provided.
Abstract:
Techniques for utilizing APs and messaging service for delivering personalized message to individual mobile devices connected to internet through APs. In one example embodiment, for any particular wireless AP, a set of messages are identified based at least in part on attributes of the service subscriber associated with the particular wireless AP; and the set of messages are distributed to the particular wireless AP for further distribution to wireless devices in the vicinity of the particular wireless AP.
Abstract:
A time synchronization method and a time synchronization device in a passive optical network (PON), and a PON are provided. The method includes receiving a synchronization packet sent after time synchronization of an optical line terminal (OLT) with a master clock (MC) is achieved, wherein the synchronization packet carries a timestamp TMt1i determined after the time synchronization of the OLT is achieved, adjusting a local clock according to the timestamp to achieve time synchronization of an optical network unit/optical network terminal (ONU/ONT) with the OLT, and after the time synchronization of the OLT is achieved, instructing an slave clock (SC) to perform time synchronization. A time synchronization device and a time synchronization system for implementing the method in a PON are further provided.