公开(公告)号：US09500631B2

公开(公告)日：2016-11-22

申请号：US14277845

申请日：2014-05-15

申请人： Extundo Incorporated

发明人： Clifford L. Johns ,  Daniel D. Sympson

IPC分类号： B08B9/093 ,  G01N33/00 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/06 ,  B01J19/00 ,  G01L19/08

CPC分类号： G01N33/0004 ,  B01J8/001 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/06 ,  B01J19/0073 ,  B01J2208/0007 ,  B01J2208/00539 ,  B01J2208/00584 ,  B01J2208/00654 ,  B01J2208/00769 ,  B01J2208/00805 ,  B01J2219/002 ,  B01J2219/00213 ,  B01J2219/0024 ,  G01L19/083 ,  G01L19/086

摘要： Method for calibrating a device for measuring back pressure in open-ended chemical reactor tubes, comprising the steps of: providing a device for measuring back pressure in open-ended chemical reactor tubes, including a frame member and a plurality of injector tubes mounted on the frame member with a spacing between the injector tubes; providing a test stand, comprising a frame member; a base supporting said frame member; and a plurality of calibration tubes mounted on the frame member, each of said calibration tubes having an open top and a dosed bottom, with a precision orifice in the dosed bottom to simulate the chemical reactor tubes to be tested; inserting the plurality of injector tubes into the respective calibration tubes; sealing between the injector tubes and the calibration tubes; sending gas through the injector tubes and taking a back pressure reading for each of the injector tubes; and generating correction factors for each injector tube to correct for variations in the back pressure readings.

摘要翻译： 用于校准用于测量开放式化学反应器管中的背压的装置的方法，包括以下步骤：提供用于测量开放式化学反应器管中的背压的装置，包括框架构件和安装在所述壳体上的多个注射器管 框架构件，其在注射器管之间具有间隔; 提供测试台，包括框架构件; 支撑所述框架构件的基座; 以及安装在所述框架构件上的多个校准管，每个所述校准管具有敞开的顶部和定量的底部，在所述定量的底部具有精确的孔，以模拟待测试的化学反应器管; 将多个注射器管插入相应的校准管中; 注射器管和校准管之间的密封; 通过注射管输送气体并对每个注射器管采取背压读数; 并产生每个注射管的校正因子，以校正背压读数的变化。

公开(公告)号：US20150259608A1

公开(公告)日：2015-09-17

申请号：US14408621

申请日：2013-04-10

申请人： IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES ,  ENI S.P.A.

发明人： Jean Philippe Heraud ,  Jean-Christophe Viguie ,  Sebastien Boucher ,  Chiara Della Torre ,  Elsa Mignone

IPC分类号： C10G2/00

CPC分类号： C10G2/332 ,  B01D21/02 ,  B01J8/001 ,  B01J8/007 ,  B01J8/228 ,  B01J23/75 ,  B01J2208/00176 ,  B01J2208/003 ,  B01J2219/00202 ,  B01J2219/00207 ,  B01J2219/00213 ,  B01J2219/00238 ,  B01J2219/0024 ,  C10G2/342

摘要： The present invention concerns a process for the synthesis of hydrocarbons from a feed comprising synthesis gas, in which a solid catalyst comprising cobalt is used in a three-phase reaction section operated such that said catalyst is maintained in suspension in a liquid phase by movement of a gas phase from the bottom to the top of said reaction section, said process comprising an external loop for separating waxes, characterized in that: 1) the theoretical ratio PH2O:PH2 in the external loop for separating waxes is determined using the following calculation: PH2O:PH2 theoretical=Cv/(R1−Rft×Cv) where Cv=(COinlet−COdegas)/COinlet R1=H2 inlet/COinlet Rft=(H2 inlet−H2 degas)/(COinlet−COdegas) 2) if the theoretical ratio PH2O:PH2 determined in step 1) has a value of Rthreshold or higher, the temperature in the degassing means for the external loop for separating waxes is reduced, 3) steps 1) to 2) are repeated until the theoretical ratio PH2O:PH2 has a value strictly less than Rthreshold, where Rthreshold is in the range 0.1 to 1.1.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及从包含合成气的原料合成烃的方法，其中在三相反应段中使用含有钴的固体催化剂，其操作使得所述催化剂在液相中通过运动而保持在液相中的悬浮液 所述方法包括用于分离蜡的外部回路，其特征在于：1）用于分离蜡的外部回路中的理论比PH 2 O：PH 2通过以下计算确定： PH2理论值= Cv /（R1-Rft×Cv）其中Cv =（COinlet-Codegas）/ COinlet R1 = H2入口/ COinlet Rft =（H2入口-H2脱气）/（COinlet-COdegas）2） 在步骤1）中测定的PH2O：PH2的值为Rthreshold以上，用于分离蜡的外部回路的脱气装置中的温度降低3）重复步骤1）〜2），直到理论比PH 2 O：PH 2 具有严格小于Rt的值 阈值，其中Rthreshold在0.1到1.1的范围内。

公开(公告)号：US08954196B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-10

申请号：US13119337

申请日：2009-09-18

申请人： Michael J. Gross

发明人： Michael J. Gross

IPC分类号： C07D307/89 ,  B01J8/06 ,  G05D23/19

CPC分类号： B01J8/067 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J19/0033 ,  B01J2208/00061 ,  B01J2208/00212 ,  B01J2219/002 ,  B01J2219/00204 ,  B01J2219/0022 ,  B01J2219/0024 ,  F28F27/00 ,  G01K2213/00 ,  G05D23/1919 ,  Y10T436/12

摘要： Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to temperature control of a reactor using probability distribution of temperature measurements. In one embodiment, a method of controlling a temperature of a chemical reaction includes injecting a reactant stream into a reactor and through a catalyst bed of the reactor. The reactant stream includes a hydrocarbon and oxygen. Injection of the reactant stream into the catalyst bed causes an exothermic chemical reaction. The method further includes circulating a coolant through the reactor, thereby removing heat from the catalyst bed. The method further includes measuring temperature at a plurality of locations in the catalyst bed. The method further includes calculating a fraction of the catalyst bed greater than a predetermined maximum temperature limit using a probability distribution generated using the temperature measurements.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施方案一般涉及使用温度测量的概率分布的反应器的温度控制。 在一个实施方案中，控制化学反应温度的方法包括将反应物流注入反应器并通过反应器的催化剂床。 反应物流包括烃和氧。 将反应物流注入催化剂床引起放热化学反应。 该方法还包括使冷却剂循环通过反应器，从而从催化剂床除去热量。 该方法还包括测量催化剂床中的多个位置处的温度。 该方法还包括使用使用温度测量产生的概率分布来计算大于预定最大温度极限的催化剂床的分数。

公开(公告)号：US20140323760A1

公开(公告)日：2014-10-30

申请号：US14325773

申请日：2014-07-08

申请人： Celanese International Corporation

发明人： Jeremy J. Patt

IPC分类号： C07C51/12 ,  C07C51/44

CPC分类号： C07C51/12 ,  B01D3/06 ,  B01J14/005 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J31/0231 ,  B01J31/20 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  B01J2219/00202 ,  B01J2219/00213 ,  B01J2219/0024 ,  B01J2531/822 ,  B01J2531/827 ,  C07C51/445 ,  C07C53/08

摘要： A carbonylation process for producing acetic acid including: (a) carbonylating methanol or its reactive derivatives in the presence of a Group VIII metal catalyst and methyl iodide promoter to produce a liquid reaction mixture including acetic acid, water, methyl acetate and methyl iodide; (b) feeding the liquid reaction mixture at a feed temperature to a flash vessel which is maintained at a reduced pressure; (c) heating the flash vessel while concurrently flashing the reaction mixture to produce a crude product vapor stream, wherein the reaction mixture is selected and the flow rate of the reaction mixture fed to the flash vessel as well as the amount of heat supplied to the flash vessel is controlled such that the temperature of the crude product vapor stream is maintained at a temperature less than 90° F. cooler than the feed temperature of the liquid reaction mixture to the flasher and the concentration of acetic acid in the crude product vapor stream is greater than 70% by weight of the crude product vapor stream.

摘要翻译： 一种用于生产乙酸的羰基化方法，包括：（a）在第VIII族金属催化剂和甲基碘助催化剂存在下羰基化甲醇或其活性衍生物以产生包括乙酸，水，乙酸甲酯和甲基碘的液体反应混合物; （b）将进料温度下的液体反应混合物送入保持在减压状态的闪蒸容器; （c）加热闪蒸器，同时使反应混合物闪烁以产生粗产物蒸汽流，其中选择反应混合物，并将反应混合物的流速加入闪蒸容器以及供应至闪蒸器的热量 控制闪蒸容器，使得粗产物蒸汽流的温度保持在比液体反应混合物进入闪蒸器的进料温度低于90°F的温度和粗产物蒸气流中乙酸的浓度 大于70重量％的粗产物蒸气流。

公开(公告)号：US20140219875A1

公开(公告)日：2014-08-07

申请号：US13864388

申请日：2013-04-17

申请人： HUGETEMP ENERGY LTD.

发明人： HAN-TANG YANG

IPC分类号： B01J19/24

CPC分类号： B01J19/24 ,  B01J6/008 ,  B01J2219/00058 ,  B01J2219/00065 ,  B01J2219/00083 ,  B01J2219/00135 ,  B01J2219/00155 ,  B01J2219/002 ,  B01J2219/00213 ,  B01J2219/0024 ,  C01B32/20

摘要： A graphite manufacturing apparatus includes a furnace body, an exhaust pipe, a waste oil tank and a suction pump. The exhaust pipe is connected to the furnace body and communicates with the furnace body to discharge a waste gas of the furnace body. The waste oil tank communicates with the exhaust pipe to absorb waste oil of the waste gas and to filter the waste oil. The suction pump is connected with the waste oil tank and communicates with the waste oil tank, the exhaust pipe and the furnace body so as to suck the waste gas of the furnace body to the waste oil tank and to discharge a gas filtered by the waste oil tank. The present invention can decrease the amount of the waste oil of the waste gas and prolongs the service life of the suction pump.

摘要翻译： 石墨制造装置包括炉体，排气管，废油箱和抽吸泵。 排气管与炉体连接，与炉体连通，排出炉体的废气。 废油箱与排气管连通，吸收废气的废油并过滤废油。 抽油泵与废油箱连接，与废油箱，排气管和炉体连通，将炉体的废气吸入废油箱，排出废物过滤的气体 油箱。 本发明可以减少废气的废油量并延长抽水泵的使用寿命。

公开(公告)号：US08703883B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-22

申请号：US13400154

申请日：2012-02-20

申请人： Max P. McDaniel ,  Joel A. Mutchler

发明人： Max P. McDaniel ,  Joel A. Mutchler

IPC分类号： C08F2/00 ,  C08F2/12 ,  C08F2/34 ,  B01J19/18 ,  B02C4/00 ,  B02C15/00 ,  B02C19/06 ,  B02C23/08

CPC分类号： C08F210/14 ,  B01J8/0035 ,  B01J8/082 ,  B01J8/10 ,  B01J8/1809 ,  B01J8/224 ,  B01J8/36 ,  B01J2208/00672 ,  B01J2208/00752 ,  B01J2219/002 ,  B01J2219/00202 ,  B01J2219/00211 ,  B01J2219/0024 ,  Y10S526/906 ,  Y10S526/92 ,  C08F210/16 ,  C08F210/08 ,  C08F2500/18 ,  C08F210/06

摘要： Polymerization reactor systems providing real-time control of the average particle size of catalyst system components are disclosed. Methods for operating such polymerization reactor systems also are described.

摘要翻译： 公开了提供实时控制催化剂体系组分的平均粒度的聚合反应器系统。 还描述了操作这种聚合反应器体系的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20120090982A1

公开(公告)日：2012-04-19

申请号：US13317280

申请日：2011-10-13

申请人： Larry W. Fullerton ,  Mark D. Roberts

发明人： Larry W. Fullerton ,  Mark D. Roberts

IPC分类号： B01J19/08 ,  C01B31/02 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B82Y40/00

CPC分类号： B01J37/342 ,  B01J19/126 ,  B01J19/129 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  B01J2219/00198 ,  B01J2219/002 ,  B01J2219/0024 ,  B01J2219/085 ,  B01J2219/0886 ,  B01J2219/0894 ,  B33Y80/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/184

摘要： An improved system and method for generating graphene involves producing a plurality of ionized carbon atoms in a plasma generation chamber and providing the plurality of ionized carbon atoms to a graphene generation chamber having a magnetic structure. The graphene generation chamber generates graphene from said plurality of ionized carbon atoms over said magnetic structure such that said graphene floats over said magnetic structure due to said graphene being diamagnetic. The rate at which the plurality of ionized carbon atoms is produced is controlled to control the rate of graphene generation. The magnetic field of the magnetic structure can be controlled to control the rate at which the generated graphene moves through the graphene generation chamber until it exits as a recovered graphene product.

摘要翻译： 用于产生石墨烯的改进的系统和方法涉及在等离子体产生室中产生多个离子化碳原子并将多个离子化碳原子提供给具有磁性结构的石墨烯生成室。 石墨烯生成室在所述磁性结构上从所述多个电离碳原子产生石墨烯，使得所述石墨烯由于所述石墨烯是反磁性而浮在所述磁性结构上。 控制产生多个离子化碳原子的速率以控制产生石墨烯的速率。 可以控制磁结构的磁场，以控制产生的石墨烯移动通过石墨烯生成室的速率，直到它作为回收的石墨烯产物离开。

公开(公告)号：US20110230684A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-22

申请号：US12998174

申请日：2009-09-03

申请人： Michael Benje ,  Peter Kammerhofer ,  Klaus Krejci ,  Rainer Kampschulte ,  Helmut Grumann

发明人： Michael Benje ,  Peter Kammerhofer ,  Klaus Krejci ,  Rainer Kampschulte ,  Helmut Grumann

IPC分类号： C07C17/23 ,  B01J19/00 ,  G05D7/00 ,  B01J19/12

CPC分类号： B01J19/088 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J2219/00157 ,  B01J2219/0024 ,  B01J2219/0894 ,  C07C17/25 ,  C07C21/06

摘要： The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for product-conserving thermal dissociation of halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons, preferably for thermal dissociation of 1,2-dichloroethane to vinyl chloride. This uses chemical dissociation promoters and/or physical measures which initiate the dissociation reaction. The initiation of the dissociation reaction, with the same conversion, lowers the temperature level in the reaction mixture and the temperature of the dissociation gas on exit from the dissociation furnace. The amount and the exit temperature of the flue gas from the radiation zone of the dissociation furnace likewise decrease at the same time. It order to be able to implement the product-conserving mode of operation in the radiation zone of the dissociation furnace and simultaneously to maintain the function of the convection zone, the heat input to the dissociation furnace is divided such that a portion of the heat introduced by underfiring is introduced by burners in the radiation zone, and the other portion of the heat supplied by underfiring is introduced by burners arranged at the exit of the flue gas from the radiation zone.The partial decoupling of the heat input of the radiation zone and of the convection zone makes possible a particularly product-conserving mode of operation.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于产物保存卤代脂族烃的热解离的方法和装置，优选用于1,2-二氯乙烷热解离成氯乙烯。 这使用化学解离启动子和/或引发解离反应的物理措施。 以相同的转化率开始解离反应降低了反应混合物中的温度水平和从解离炉出来的解离气体的温度。 来自离解炉的辐射区域的烟气的量和出口温度同时降低。 为了能够在解离炉的辐射区域中实现产品保存的运行模式，同时保持对流区的功能，将分离炉的热量输入分开，使一部分热量引入 通过燃烧器在辐射区域中引燃，并且由燃烧器供应的热量的另一部分由设置在烟道气出口处的燃烧器从辐射区引入。 辐射区域和对流区域的热输入的部分解耦使得可以实现特别节省产品的操作模式。

公开(公告)号：US20110166367A1

公开(公告)日：2011-07-07

申请号：US13119337

申请日：2009-09-18

申请人： Michael J. Gross

发明人： Michael J. Gross

IPC分类号： C07D307/89 ,  B01J19/00

CPC分类号： B01J8/067 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J19/0033 ,  B01J2208/00061 ,  B01J2208/00212 ,  B01J2219/002 ,  B01J2219/00204 ,  B01J2219/0022 ,  B01J2219/0024 ,  F28F27/00 ,  G01K2213/00 ,  G05D23/1919 ,  Y10T436/12

摘要： Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to temperature control of a reactor using probability distribution of temperature measurements. In one embodiment, a method of controlling a temperature of a chemical reaction includes injecting a reactant stream into a reactor and through a catalyst bed of the reactor. The reactant stream includes a hydrocarbon and oxygen. Injection of the reactant stream into the catalyst bed causes an exothermic chemical reaction. The method further includes circulating a coolant through the reactor, thereby removing heat from the catalyst bed. The method further includes measuring temperature at a plurality of locations in the catalyst bed. The method further includes calculating a fraction of the catalyst bed greater than a predetermined maximum temperature limit using a probability distribution generated using the temperature measurements.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施例一般涉及使用温度测量的概率分布的反应器的温度控制。 在一个实施方案中，控制化学反应温度的方法包括将反应物流注入反应器并通过反应器的催化剂床。 反应物流包括烃和氧。 将反应物流注入催化剂床引起放热化学反应。 该方法还包括使冷却剂循环通过反应器，从而从催化剂床除去热量。 该方法还包括测量催化剂床中的多个位置处的温度。 该方法还包括使用使用温度测量产生的概率分布来计算大于预定最大温度极限的催化剂床的分数。

公开(公告)号：US07913543B2

公开(公告)日：2011-03-29

申请号：US11244450

申请日：2005-10-06

申请人： Clifford L. Johns ,  Daniel D. Sympson

发明人： Clifford L. Johns ,  Daniel D. Sympson

IPC分类号： G01M3/02 ,  G01M19/00 ,  G01L7/00

CPC分类号： G01N33/0004 ,  B01J8/001 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/06 ,  B01J19/0073 ,  B01J2208/0007 ,  B01J2208/00539 ,  B01J2208/00584 ,  B01J2208/00654 ,  B01J2208/00769 ,  B01J2208/00805 ,  B01J2219/002 ,  B01J2219/00213 ,  B01J2219/0024 ,  G01L19/083 ,  G01L19/086

摘要： A device and method for measuring the back pressure in chemical reactor tubes includes many automated features. Inflatable tube seals may be automatically inflated. The device may measure several tubes at once. It may transmit data electronically to a remote computer for analysis and graphic display.

摘要翻译： 用于测量化学反应器管中的背压的装置和方法包括许多自动特征。 充气管密封可能会自动膨胀。 该装置可以一次测量多个管。 它可以将数据电子传输到远程计算机进行分析和图形显示。