公开(公告)号：US20020065440A1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-30

申请号：US09987698

申请日：2001-11-15

Inventor： Bernhard Maurer

IPC: C07C027/00

CPC classification number: B01J19/2465 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J10/002 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2219/00033 ,  B01J2219/00096 ,  B01J2219/185 ,  B01J2219/1943 ,  C01B15/023

Abstract: A continuous process for oxidation, in which the substance to be oxidized and the oxidizing gas flow countercurrently and the oxidizing gas is mixed with a split stream containing preoxidized substance before it enters the reactor. A Venturi nozzle is particularly suitable as the mixing organ in the reactor.

Abstract translation: 一种连续的氧化方法，其中待氧化物质和氧化气体逆流流动，氧化气体在进入反应器之前与含有预氧化物质的裂解流混合。 文丘里喷嘴特别适用于反应器中的混合器。

公开(公告)号：US06214757B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-10

申请号：US09412997

申请日：1999-10-05

Applicant: Michael Schwartz ,  James H. White ,  Anthony F. Sammells

Inventor： Michael Schwartz ,  James H. White ,  Anthony F. Sammells

IPC: C07C204

CPC classification number: B01D69/145 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D53/326 ,  B01D67/0041 ,  B01D69/141 ,  B01D71/024 ,  B01D2323/08 ,  B01D2323/12 ,  B01D2325/10 ,  B01D2325/18 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J8/009 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J23/002 ,  B01J23/83 ,  B01J35/0033 ,  B01J35/065 ,  B01J2208/00601 ,  B01J2219/00051 ,  B01J2219/00063 ,  B01J2219/0018 ,  B01J2219/00189 ,  B01J2523/00 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C01B13/0255 ,  C01B17/0465 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/1011 ,  C01B2203/1035 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1064 ,  C01B2203/1082 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  C01B2210/0046 ,  C01B2210/0051 ,  C01B2210/0062 ,  C01B2210/0071 ,  C01B2210/0075 ,  C01C3/0216 ,  H01M4/9033 ,  H01M4/9066 ,  H01M8/1231 ,  H01M8/1246 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  B01J2523/24 ,  B01J2523/32 ,  B01J2523/3706 ,  B01J2523/842 ,  B01J2523/72 ,  B01J2523/31 ,  B01J2523/822 ,  B01J2523/847 ,  B01J2523/845

Abstract: A process for production of synthesis gas employing a catalytic membrane reactor wherein the membrane comprises a mixed metal oxide material.

Abstract translation: 一种使用催化膜反应器生产合成气的方法，其中所述膜包括混合金属氧化物材料。

公开(公告)号：US5976324A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-02

申请号：US946482

申请日：1997-10-07

Applicant: Andreas Groschl ,  Adolf Winkler ,  Josef Bremen

Inventor： Andreas Groschl ,  Adolf Winkler ,  Josef Bremen

IPC: B01D53/26 ,  B01D61/36 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C07B63/00 ,  C07C29/70 ,  C07C29/76 ,  C07C29/84 ,  C07C67/08 ,  C07C67/54 ,  C07C67/56 ,  C07C69/36 ,  C07C69/52 ,  B01D3/00 ,  B01D15/00 ,  C07C27/26

CPC classification number: B01D61/362 ,  B01D53/268 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C07C29/70 ,  C07C67/08 ,  Y10S159/27

Abstract: A process as been found for the removal of water from reaction mixtures of acids or acid anhydrides or of aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solutions with alcohols using vapor permeation/pervaporation at the boiling point of the reaction mixture, which includes initially introducing the lowest-boiling educt in less than the stoichiometric amount, based on the other particular educt, together with this other educt, heating the reaction mixture to the boiling point and freeing the vapor mixture, which is formed from the boiling reaction mixture and includes chiefly water and the lowest-boiling component, from water on a membrane, recycling the vapor mixture which has been freed from water into the reaction mixture and topping up the reaction mixture with the lowest-boiling educt in the course of the reaction.

Abstract translation: 已经发现，在反应混合物的沸点下使用蒸气渗透/渗透蒸发从酸或酸酐或碱金属氢氧化物水溶液与醇的反应混合物中除去水的方法，其中包括最初引入最低沸点的 以其他特定的离子出口为基础，以其它特定的离子出口为基础，加上反应混合物至沸点并释放由沸腾反应混合物形成的蒸气混合物，主要包括水和最低浓度的水， 沸腾组分，从膜上的水，将已经从水中除去的蒸气混合物再循环到反应混合物中，并在反应过程中用最低沸点的水溶液填充反应混合物。

公开(公告)号：US5862448A

公开(公告)日：1999-01-19

申请号：US639206

申请日：1996-04-26

Applicant: Henry Ransom Cecil McBay, deceased ,  by Ronald Patrick William McBay, legal representative

Inventor： Henry Ransom Cecil McBay, deceased ,  by Ronald Patrick William McBay, legal representative

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  B01J10/00 ,  B01J12/00 ,  B01J19/08 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B01J19/24

CPC classification number: B01J10/002 ,  B01J12/00 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B01J19/123 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J2219/00099 ,  B01J2219/00108 ,  B01J2219/00153

Abstract: A compact, continuous-flow synthesis device for the production of dimeric hydrocarbon species by reacting unsaturated hydrocarbons such as alkenes and alkynes with atomic hydrogen or free radicals generated by the dissociation of molecular hydrogen or organics such as alkanes. The dissociation is carried out in a module either by the electric discharge between a pair of parallel, annular, flat disc, high-voltage electrodes or by the radiation between a pair of parallel, toroidal ultraviolet lamps. The reactant to be dissociated flows radially inward from the module periphery between the pair of electrodes or the pair of ultraviolet lamps, and reaches the axis of the annulus or torus in the dissociated state. Unsaturated hydrocarbons in the dispersed phase injected vertically down this axis react with the dissociated species in a collision chamber surrounding the dissociation module to form residual free radicals. Cooling the residual free radicals then converts them to condensed dimeric products in a collection basin adjacent to the collision chamber. Many dimeric species, such as 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane, can be produced from different starting materials. The device also generates dimeric products from the reaction of free radicals alone in the absence of unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Abstract translation: 一种用于通过使不饱和烃如烯烃和炔烃与原子氢或通过解离分子氢或有机物如烷烃产生的自由基反应来生产二聚烃物质的紧凑型连续流合成装置。 解离通过一对平行，环形，平坦的盘，高压电极之间的放电或通过一对平行的环形紫外线灯之间的辐射在模块中进行。 要离解的反应物从一对电极或一对紫外线灯之间的模块周边径向向内流动，并且在解离状态下到达环形或环面的轴线。 在垂直向下注入该轴的分散相中的不饱和烃与解离模块周围的碰撞室中的离解物质反应，形成残留的自由基。 然后冷却剩余的自由基，然后将它们转化成邻近碰撞室的收集池中的缩合二聚体产物。 许多二聚物质，如2,2,3,3-四甲基丁烷，可以由不同的起始原料生产。 该装置还在不存在不饱和烃的情况下，仅从自由基的反应产生二聚产物。

公开(公告)号：US5429728A

公开(公告)日：1995-07-04

申请号：US125878

申请日：1993-09-23

Applicant: Gary B. Gordon

Inventor： Gary B. Gordon

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  G01N27/447 ,  G01N27/26

CPC classification number: G01N27/44752 ,  B01J4/04

Abstract: A separation capillary in a capillary electrophoresis apparatus is less than 20 microns high to restrict the flow velocity profile of the EOF to being substantially parabolic. The capillary is preferably rectangular with an aspect ratio of at least 2:1, and preferably at least 10:1, in order to increase bulk flow. Hydrostatic back pressure is applied to the capillary to reduce or cancel the EOF. The back pressure is preferably at least 50% as strong as the forward-directed EOF in order to reduce EOF, and thereby to increase resolution.

Abstract translation: 毛细管电泳装置中的分离毛细管小于20微米，以将EOF的流速分布限制为基本抛物线。 毛细管优选为纵横比为至少2:1，优选至少为10:1的矩形，以便增加大量流动。 对毛细管施加静水压力以减少或取消EOF。 背压优选为前向EOF的至少50％，以减少EOF，从而提高分离度。

公开(公告)号：US5276113A

公开(公告)日：1994-01-04

申请号：US938515

申请日：1992-09-02

Applicant: Yoshiyuki Hashiguchi ,  Masakiti Kishi ,  Takehiko Yagyu

Inventor： Yoshiyuki Hashiguchi ,  Masakiti Kishi ,  Takehiko Yagyu

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/18 ,  C08F2/18

CPC classification number: B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/1862 ,  B01J19/1881 ,  C08F2/18 ,  B01J2219/00103 ,  B01J2219/0011 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  B01J2219/182

Abstract: There is provided a suspension polymerization process for production of polymer particles having a substantially uniform size, which process comprises the steps of: (a) applying regular vibration to a flow of a monomer liquid which has a specific gravity smaller than that of an aqueous dispersion medium, (b) introducing the aqueous dispersion medium containing the droplets in a first reactor comprising a recycling means which discharges the aqueous dispersion medium from the bottom of the reactor and recycles it to the top of the reactor, (c) partially polymerizing the monomer liquid in the first reactor so that the specific gravity of the droplets does not exceed that of the aqueous dispersion medium while maintaining the suspended condition of the droplets, and (d) discharging the partially polymerized droplets together with the aqueous dispersion medium from a lower portion of the first reactor and introducing them in a second reactor, and (e) further polymerizing the partially polymerized droplets in the second reactor.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于生产具有基本均匀尺寸的聚合物颗粒的悬浮聚合方法，该方法包括以下步骤：（a）对比重小于水分散体的比重的单体液体的流动施加规则的振动 介质，（b）将含有液滴的水性分散介质引入第一反应器，该第一反应器包括从反应器底部排出水分散介质并将其再循环到反应器顶部的再循环装置，（c）将单体部分聚合 液体在第一反应器中，使得液滴的比重不超过水分散介质的比重，同时保持液滴的悬浮状态，并且（d）将部分聚合的液滴与水分散介质一起从下部排出 的第一反应器并将其引入第二反应器，和（e）进一步聚合部分聚合物 在第二反应器中精馏液滴。

公开(公告)号：US4923753A

公开(公告)日：1990-05-08

申请号：US30957

申请日：1987-03-26

Applicant: Wilhelm E. Walles ,  Donald L. Tomkinson

Inventor： Wilhelm E. Walles ,  Donald L. Tomkinson

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  B01J13/04

CPC classification number: C09K8/72 ,  B01J13/04 ,  B01J4/04 ,  Y10S507/902 ,  Y10S507/933 ,  Y10T428/2989

Abstract: A controlled release composition for use with liquid acids, and a method of preparation is disclosed. The composition comprises (1) a porous matrix comprising and substantially inert to an absorbed acid; (2) a midlayer surrounding the matrix, this midlayer consisting essentially of a salt of the absorbed acid; and (3) a membrane surrounding the matrix, the membrane being exterior of the midlayer, the membrane further being substantially inert to the midlayer and permeable to a selected environment, the thickness and permeability of the membrane comprising means for controlling diffusion of the environment therethrough.The midlayer can be applied as a coating to the acid-bearing matrix, or it can be evolved by exposing the acid-bearing matrix to a base such as ammonia gas or a solid metal oxide for a time sufficient to allow reaction of a proportion of the acid at or near the surface of the matrix with the base to form a layer of the corresponding salt.

公开(公告)号：US4786597A

公开(公告)日：1988-11-22

申请号：US479285

申请日：1983-06-02

Applicant: Stephen L. Matson ,  John A. Quinn

Inventor： Stephen L. Matson ,  John A. Quinn

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  B01J14/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C07K1/02 ,  C07K1/32 ,  C12P1/00 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C12M1/40

CPC classification number: B01J14/005 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C07K1/02 ,  C07K1/32 ,  Y10S435/813

Abstract: Catalytic chemical and biochemical conversion reactions are carried out in a novel compartmentalized catalytic reactor which enables the energy-efficient coupling of the conversion reaction with various energy-consuming post-conversion operations. The catalytic reactor is compartmentalized by means of a multilayer composite membrane comprising a catalytic membrane layer and one or more permselective membrane layers. The arrangement and properties of the membrane layers are such as to enable the free energy change of the conversion reaction to be utilized as the required energy source for effecting various post-conversion operations, including product separation, recovery and enrichment, and second-stage catalytic conversions with unfavorable reaction equilibria.

Abstract translation: 催化化学和生物化学转化反应在新型间隔催化反应器中进行，其使能转化反应的能量效率耦合与各种耗能的后转化操作。 催化反应器通过包含催化膜层和一个或多个渗透选择性膜层的多层复合膜分隔。 膜层的排列和性质使得能够将转化反应的自由能变化用作所需的能源，用于进行各种后转化操作，包括产物分离，回收和富集，以及第二阶段催化 具有不利反应平衡的转化。

公开(公告)号：US4549965A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-29

申请号：US570562

申请日：1984-01-13

Applicant: James C. Davis

Inventor： James C. Davis

IPC: B01D15/08 ,  B01J4/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/24 ,  G01N1/38 ,  G01N30/62 ,  G01N30/84

CPC classification number: G01N30/84 ,  B01D15/08 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J4/001 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  G01N2001/381 ,  G01N2030/8423 ,  G01N2030/8435

Abstract: Reagent is added to liquid chromatographic effluent to increase detection sensitivity of sample bands, or to enhance sensitivity with respect to interfering bands which overlap sample bands of interest, using one or more hollow fibers immersed within mobile reagent which is permeated through the walls of the fibers and, thus, ultimately diffused into the column effluent.

Abstract translation: 将试剂加入到液相色谱流出物中以提高样品带的检测灵敏度，或者使用浸渍在穿过纤维壁的移动试剂中的一种或多种中空纤维来增强与重叠样品带重叠的干扰条带的敏感性 并因此最终扩散到柱流出物中。

公开(公告)号：US4085170A

公开(公告)日：1978-04-18

申请号：US675415

申请日：1976-04-09

Applicant: David Preston Simpson ,  James Lawton

Inventor： David Preston Simpson ,  James Lawton

IPC: B01D11/02 ,  B01D11/04 ,  B01D47/02 ,  B01D53/18 ,  B01F3/04 ,  B01F13/00 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/08 ,  C02F1/34 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/48 ,  C02F3/12 ,  G10K15/06

CPC classification number: C02F3/1284 ,  B01D11/02 ,  B01D11/0419 ,  B01D11/0465 ,  B01D53/18 ,  B01F13/0001 ,  B01F3/04978 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C02F1/48 ,  G10K15/06 ,  B01J2219/0894 ,  C02F1/34 ,  C02F1/4608 ,  Y02W10/15 ,  Y10S261/48

Abstract: The contact area between a first phase of a multi-phase system and a liquid second phase of the system is increased by effecting transient electrical discharges between electrodes immersed in the liquid second phase or in a volume of liquid in acoustic communication with the liquid second phase. The first phase can be in the form of a particulate solid, a gas, or a liquid of lower density than that of the second phase. The first phase is mingled with the second phase by a bubbling technique where the first phase has a lower density than the second phase. The hydraulic shock waves produced by the electrical discharges disperse the bubbles or particles of the first phase in the liquid second phase and thus increase the contact area between the phases.When the electrodes are immersed in a volume of liquid separate from but in acoustic communication with said liquid second phase, these liquids are separated by means of an acoustically transmissive membrane formed from a thin film of stainless steel or from rubber selected such that the product of density (.rho.) and velocity of propagation of sound waves (c) is matched to those of the liquids separated by the membrane.The spacing between the electrodes is adjusted in response to a sensed parameter of the electrical discharges such as to maintain the sensed parameter constant.

Abstract translation: 多相系统的第一相和系统的液体第二相之间的接触面积通过在浸没在液体第二相中的电极之间或与液体第二相声学连通的液体体积中的瞬时放电而增加 。 第一相可以是比第二相低密度的颗粒状固体，气体或液体的形式。 第一相通过鼓泡技术与第二相混合，其中第一相具有比第二相低的密度。 由放电产生的液压冲击波将第一相的气泡或颗粒分散在液体第二相中，从而增加相之间的接触面积。