Systems and methods for storing hydrogen
    653.
    发明申请
    Systems and methods for storing hydrogen 有权
    用于储存氢的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号:US20020117123A1

    公开(公告)日:2002-08-29

    申请号:US09738276

    申请日:2000-12-14

    Abstract: Devices and methods for storing hydrogen fuels or other gaseous fuels. One embodiment of a container for storing gaseous fuels in accordance with an aspect of the invention comprises a high-pressure vessel configured to contain the gas in a high-pressure zone at a pressure significantly above atmospheric pressure. The container can also include a storing medium in the vessel and an inlet/outlet line extending through the vessel. The storing medium can have a plurality of storage spaces configured to physically bind molecules of the gas to the storing medium, and the inlet/outlet line can be a tube extending through the vessel in fluid communication with the storing medium. In operation, the high-pressure vessel is pressurized with a gaseous fuel (e.g., hydrogen) to a pressure significantly above atmospheric pressure (e.g., approximately 3,000-10,000 psi). The molecules of the gaseous fuel bind to the storing medium, and the pressure in the vessel drives additional molecules of the gaseous fuel into vacant spaces within the storing medium or in other regions of the vessel.

    Abstract translation: 用于储存氢燃料或其他气体燃料的装置和方法。 根据本发明的一个方面的用于储存气体燃料的容器的一个实施例包括高压容器,该高压容器构造成在高压区域内以显着高于大气压的压力容纳气体。 容器还可以包括容器中的存储介质和延伸穿过容器的入口/出口管线。 存储介质可以具有多个存储空间,其被配置为将气体的分子物理地结合到存储介质,并且入口/出口管线可以是延伸穿过容器的管,其与存储介质流体连通。 在操作中,高压容器用气体燃料(例如氢气)加压至显着高于大气压(例如,约3,000-10,000psi)的压力。 气体燃料的分子与存储介质结合,并且容器中的压力驱动气体燃料的附加分子进入存储介质内或容器的其它区域中的空的空间。

    Mobile firefighting systems with breathable hypoxic fire extinguishing compositions for human occupied environments
    654.
    发明申请
    Mobile firefighting systems with breathable hypoxic fire extinguishing compositions for human occupied environments 有权
    具有透气性低氧灭火组合物的移动消防系统,用于人类居住环境

    公开(公告)号:US20020083736A1

    公开(公告)日:2002-07-04

    申请号:US09975215

    申请日:2001-10-10

    Inventor: Igor K. Kotliar

    Abstract: Mobile fire-fighting systems and a method of producing breathable fire-suppression compositions are provided for extinguishing fires in buildings, and other human occupied structures, being also effective in suppressing fires under ruins of collapsed buildings. The systems employ a transportable high-pressure container having the breathable composition or nitrogen gas, or a liquid nitrogen container, vaporizer and a mixing chamber, wherein a vaporized nitrogen gas is mixed with an ambient air in order to produce said breathable fire-suppression composition. Refilling stations are provided for refilling the mobile systems with said composition, nitrogen gas or liquid nitrogen, all being generated at site from the ambient air. The method of producing said composition at a fire site employs mixing of nitrogen gas with ambient air or, alternatively, vaporizing of liquid nitrogen in necessary quantities and mixing it with ambient air in provided proportions. A method of delivery of the breathable fire-suppressive composition inside a building on fire is provided as well. The systems are also suitable for installation as a stationary fire-suppression system for a building or other structure. A breathable fire-suppression composition is provided for use in said mobile systems, said composition having an oxygen content below 16% or from 10% to 12% for the majority of civil applications.

    Abstract translation: 提供了移动消防系统和一种生产透气灭火组合物的方法,用于扑灭建筑物和其他人类占用的建筑物中的火灾,同时有效地抑制坍塌的建筑物的废墟下的火灾。 该系统采用具有透气组合物或氮气的可移动高压容器,或液氮容器,蒸发器和混合室,其中蒸发的氮气与环境空气混合,以便产生所述透气性灭火组合物 。 提供加注站,用于使用所述组合物,氮气或液氮重新填充移动系统,全部在环境空气现场产生。 在消防场所生产所述组合物的方法使用氮气与环境空气混合,或者以必要量蒸发液氮,并以提供的比例将其与环境空气混合。 还提供了一种在建筑物内在火上传送透气防火组合物的方法。 这些系统也适用于作为用于建筑物或其他结构的固定式灭火系统的安装。 提供了一种用于所述移动系统的透气灭火组合物,对于大多数民用应用,所述组合物的氧含量低于16%或10%至12%。

    Methods and apparatus for compressible gas
    656.
    发明申请
    Methods and apparatus for compressible gas 有权
    可压缩气体的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US20020046773A1

    公开(公告)日:2002-04-25

    申请号:US09945049

    申请日:2001-08-31

    Abstract: The methods and apparatus for transporting compressed gas includes a gas storage system having a plurality of pipes connected by a manifold whereby the gas storage system is designed to operate in the range of the optimum compressibility factor for a given composition of gas. The pipe for the gas storage system is preferably large diameter pipe made of a high strength material whereby a low temperature is selected which can be withstood by the material of the pipe. Knowing the compressibility factor of the gas, the temperature, and the diameter of the pipe, the wall thickness of the pipe is calculated for the pressure range of the gas at the selected temperature. The gas storage system may either be modular or be part of the structure of a vehicle for transporting the gas. The gas storage system further includes enclosing the pipes in an enclosure having a nitrogen atmosphere. A displacement fluid may be used to offload the gas from the gas storage system. A vehicle with the gas storage system designed for a particular composition gas produced at a given location is used to transport gas from that producing location to a receiving station miles from the producing location.

    Abstract translation: 用于输送压缩气体的方法和装置包括具有通过歧管连接的多个管道的气体存储系统,由此气体存储系统被设计成在给定的气体组成的最佳可压缩因子的范围内操作。 用于气体存储系统的管道优选是由高强度材料制成的大直径管,由此选择可以被管材材料承受的低温。 知道气体的压缩系数,管道的温度和直径,根据选定温度下气体的压力范围计算出管道的壁厚。 气体存储系统可以是模块化的或者是用于运输气体的车辆结构的一部分。 气体存储系统还包括将管封闭在具有氮气氛的外壳中。 位移流体可用于从气体存储系统卸载气体。 使用专为在给定位置产生的特定组合物气体设计的气体存储系统的车辆将气体从该生产位置运送到距产地位置的接收站几英里。

    Methods and apparatus for compressed gas
    658.
    发明申请
    Methods and apparatus for compressed gas 有权
    压缩气体的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US20020046547A1

    公开(公告)日:2002-04-25

    申请号:US09943693

    申请日:2001-08-31

    Abstract: The methods and apparatus for transporting compressed gas includes a gas storage system having a plurality of pipes connected by a manifold whereby the gas storage system is designed to operate in the range of the optimum compressibility factor for a given composition of gas. The pipe for the gas storage system is preferably large diameter pipe made of a high strength material whereby a low temperature is selected which can be withstood by the material of the pipe. Knowing the compressibility factor of the gas, the temperature, and the diameter of the pipe, the wall thickness of the pipe may be calculated for the pressure range of the gas at the selected temperature. The gas storage system may either be modular or be part of the structure of a vessel for transporting the gas to the storage system. Since the pipe provides a bulkhead around the gas, the gas storage system may be used in a single hull vessel. The gas storage system further includes enclosing the pipes in a nitrogen atmosphere. A displacement fluid may be used to offload the gas from the gas storage system. A vessel with the gas storage system designed for a particular composition gas produced at a given location is used to transport gas from that producing location to offloading ports hundreds, or thousands, of miles from the producing location.

    Abstract translation: 用于输送压缩气体的方法和装置包括具有通过歧管连接的多个管道的气体存储系统,由此气体存储系统被设计成在给定的气体组成的最佳可压缩因子的范围内操作。 用于气体存储系统的管道优选是由高强度材料制成的大直径管,由此选择可以被管材材料承受的低温。 知道气体的压缩系数,管道的温度和直径,可以根据选定温度下的气体的压力范围来计算管道的壁厚。 气体存储系统可以是模块化的或者是用于将气体输送到存储系统的容器的结构的一部分。 由于管道围绕气体提供隔板,气体存储系统可以用于单个船体容器。 气体存储系统还包括将管道封闭在氮气气氛中。 位移流体可用于从气体存储系统卸载气体。 使用专为在给定位置生产的特定组成气体设计的储气系统的船舶将气体从该生产地点输送到从生产地点数百或数千英里的卸载港口。

    Divided pressure vessel apparatus for carbon dioxide based systems and methods of using same
    659.
    发明申请
    Divided pressure vessel apparatus for carbon dioxide based systems and methods of using same 失效
    基于二氧化碳的系统的分压压力容器装置及其使用方法

    公开(公告)号:US20020045347A1

    公开(公告)日:2002-04-18

    申请号:US09976551

    申请日:2001-10-12

    Abstract: A method of utilizing a divided pressure vessel in a processing system employing a carbon dioxide based solvent includes transferring a first carbon dioxide based treating solution from a first liquid chamber in a divided pressure vessel having a plurality of liquid chambers to a processing vessel, returning the first treating solution from the processing vessel to the divided pressure vessel, transferring a second carbon dioxide based treating solution having a composition different from the first treating solution from a second liquid chamber in the divided pressure vessel to a processing vessel, and returning the second treating solution from the processing vessel to the divided pressure vessel. A divided pressure vessel may allow multiple solvent baths each having a different chemical composition to be stored and/or processed in a single pressure vessel while maintaining the different chemical compositions of the multiple solvent baths. Thus, such divided pressure vessels may provide the improved operational efficiency of a carbon dioxide based system having multiple solvent baths while decreasing the capital costs that may be associated with such systems.

    Abstract translation: 在使用二氧化碳基溶剂的处理系统中利用分压压力容器的方法包括将具有多个液室的分压压力容器中的第一二氧化碳基处理溶液从第一液室转移到处理容器, 将处理容器的第一处理液分离成压力容器,将具有与第一处理液不同的组成的第二二氧化碳类处理液从分压器中的第二液体室转移至处理容器,并将第二处理 从处理容器到分压压力容器的溶液。 分压压力容器可以允许每个具有不同化学组成的多个溶剂浴在单个压力容器中储存和/或加工,同时保持多个溶剂浴的不同化学组成。 因此,这种分开的压力容器可以提供具有多个溶剂浴的具有二氧化碳的系统的改进的操作效率,同时降低可能与这种系统相关联的资本成本。

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