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61.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08129034B2
公开(公告)日：2012-03-06
申请号：US13025487
申请日：2011-02-11
申请人： Gino Palumbo , Jonathan McCrea , Klaus Tomantschger , Iain Brooks , Daehyun Jeong , Dave Limoges , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Uwe Erb
发明人： Gino Palumbo , Jonathan McCrea , Klaus Tomantschger , Iain Brooks , Daehyun Jeong , Dave Limoges , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Uwe Erb
CPC分类号： C25D7/00 , A01K87/00 , A45B9/00 , A63B49/02 , A63B49/10 , A63B49/12 , A63B53/04 , A63B53/10 , A63B53/12 , A63B59/00 , A63B59/50 , A63B59/70 , A63B60/54 , A63B2053/0416 , A63B2209/00 , A63B2209/02 , A63B2209/023 , B82Y30/00 , C23C24/04 , C23C28/021 , C23C28/027 , C25D5/00 , C25D7/0607 , C25D15/02 , F41H5/0457 , F42B5/30 , F42B6/04 , F42B12/80 , Y10T428/12028 , Y10T428/12063 , Y10T428/12146 , Y10T428/12292 , Y10T428/12493 , Y10T428/12535 , Y10T428/12597 , Y10T428/12674 , Y10T428/12701 , Y10T428/12708 , Y10T428/12736 , Y10T428/12743 , Y10T428/1275 , Y10T428/12757 , Y10T428/12764 , Y10T428/12778 , Y10T428/12937 , Y10T428/12972 , Y10T428/13 , Y10T428/24942 , Y10T428/256 , Y10T428/26 , Y10T428/2918 , Y10T428/2956 , Y10T428/2958 , Y10T428/2964 , Y10T428/30 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： Fine-grained (average grain size 1 nm to 1,000 nm) metallic coatings optionally containing solid particulates dispersed therein are disclosed. The fine-grained metallic materials are significantly harder and stronger than conventional coatings of the same chemical composition due to Hall-Petch strengthening and have low linear coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs). The invention provides means for matching the CTE of the fine-grained metallic coating to the one of the substrate by adjusting the composition of the alloy and/or by varying the chemistry and volume fraction of particulates embedded in the coating. The fine-grained metallic coatings are particularly suited for strong and lightweight articles, precision molds, sporting goods, automotive parts and components exposed to thermal cycling. The low CTEs and the ability to match the CTEs of the fine-grained metallic coatings with the CTEs of the substrate minimize dimensional changes during thermal cycling and prevent premature failure.
摘要翻译： 公开了细粒度（平均粒径1nm至1000nm）金属涂层，其任选地含有分散在其中的固体颗粒。 由于Hall-Petch强化，细粒金属材料比同一化学成分的常规涂层显着更硬和更强，并且具有低线性热膨胀系数（CTE）。 本发明提供了通过调节合金的组成和/或通过改变嵌入涂层中的微粒的化学和体积分数来匹配细粒金属涂层的CTE与基体之一的方法。 细粒金属涂层特别适用于强而轻的制品，精密模具，运动用品，汽车零件和暴露于热循环的部件。 低CTE和将细粒金属涂层的CTE与衬底的CTE匹配的能力使热循环期间的尺寸变化最小化并防止过早失效。
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公开(公告)号：US08025979B2
公开(公告)日：2011-09-27
申请号：US12854977
申请日：2010-08-12
申请人： Gino Palumbo , Iain Brooks , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Klaus Tomantschger , Jonathan McCrea , Dave Limoges , Uwe Erb
发明人： Gino Palumbo , Iain Brooks , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Klaus Tomantschger , Jonathan McCrea , Dave Limoges , Uwe Erb
CPC分类号： C25D15/00 , A01K87/00 , A45B9/00 , A63B49/02 , A63B49/10 , A63B53/04 , A63B53/0466 , A63B53/10 , A63B53/12 , A63B59/00 , A63B59/50 , A63B59/70 , A63B60/54 , A63B2053/0416 , A63B2209/00 , A63B2209/023 , B82Y30/00 , C25D1/00 , C25D7/00 , Y02P20/582 , Y10T428/12028 , Y10T428/12493 , Y10T428/12708 , Y10T428/12778 , Y10T428/13 , Y10T428/24405 , Y10T428/24413 , Y10T428/26 , Y10T428/265 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： Articles for automotive, manufacturing and industrial applications including shafts or tubes used, for example, as golf club shafts, ski and hiking poles, fishing rods or bicycle frames, skate blades and snowboards are at least partially electroplated with fine-grained layers of selected metallic materials. Parts with complex geometry can be coated as well. Alternatively, articles such as conical or cylindrical golf club shafts, hiking pole shafts or fishing pole sections, plates or foils and the like can also be electroformed of fine-grained metallic materials on a suitable mandrel or temporary substrate to produce strong, ductile, lightweight components exhibiting a high coefficient of restitution and a high stiffness for use in numerous applications including sporting goods.
摘要翻译： 用于汽车，制造和工业应用的制品，包括例如用作高尔夫球棒杆，滑雪和徒步杆，钓鱼竿或自行车车架，滑冰板和滑雪板的轴或管，至少部分地电镀有选定金属的细粒层 材料 具有复杂几何形状的部件也可以被涂覆。 或者，诸如锥形或圆柱形高尔夫球杆杆，徒步杆杆或钓鱼杆部分，板或箔等的物品也可以在合适的心轴或临时基底上电铸成细粒度的金属材料，以产生强的，延性的，轻质的 表现出高恢复系数和高刚度的组件用于包括运动用品在内的许多应用中。
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63.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20110143159A1
公开(公告)日：2011-06-16
申请号：US13025487
申请日：2011-02-11
申请人： Gino Palumbo , Jonathan McCrea , Klaus Tomantschger , Iain Brooks , Daehyun Jeong , Dave Limoges , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Uwe Erb
发明人： Gino Palumbo , Jonathan McCrea , Klaus Tomantschger , Iain Brooks , Daehyun Jeong , Dave Limoges , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Uwe Erb
CPC分类号： C25D7/00 , A01K87/00 , A45B9/00 , A63B49/02 , A63B49/10 , A63B49/12 , A63B53/04 , A63B53/10 , A63B53/12 , A63B59/00 , A63B59/50 , A63B59/70 , A63B60/54 , A63B2053/0416 , A63B2209/00 , A63B2209/02 , A63B2209/023 , B82Y30/00 , C23C24/04 , C23C28/021 , C23C28/027 , C25D5/00 , C25D7/0607 , C25D15/02 , F41H5/0457 , F42B5/30 , F42B6/04 , F42B12/80 , Y10T428/12028 , Y10T428/12063 , Y10T428/12146 , Y10T428/12292 , Y10T428/12493 , Y10T428/12535 , Y10T428/12597 , Y10T428/12674 , Y10T428/12701 , Y10T428/12708 , Y10T428/12736 , Y10T428/12743 , Y10T428/1275 , Y10T428/12757 , Y10T428/12764 , Y10T428/12778 , Y10T428/12937 , Y10T428/12972 , Y10T428/13 , Y10T428/24942 , Y10T428/256 , Y10T428/26 , Y10T428/2918 , Y10T428/2956 , Y10T428/2958 , Y10T428/2964 , Y10T428/30 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： Fine-grained (average grain size 1 nm to 1,000 nm) metallic coatings optionally containing solid particulates dispersed therein are disclosed. The fine-grained metallic materials are significantly harder and stronger than conventional coatings of the same chemical composition due to Hall-Petch strengthening and have low linear coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs). The invention provides means for matching the CTE of the fine-grained metallic coating to the one of the substrate by adjusting the composition of the alloy and/or by varying the chemistry and volume fraction of particulates embedded in the coating. The fine-grained metallic coatings are particularly suited for strong and lightweight articles, precision molds, sporting goods, automotive parts and components exposed to thermal cycling. The low CTEs and the ability to match the CTEs of the fine-grained metallic coatings with the CTEs of the substrate minimize dimensional changes during thermal cycling and prevent premature failure.
摘要翻译： 公开了细粒度（平均粒径1nm至1000nm）金属涂层，其任选地含有分散在其中的固体颗粒。 由于Hall-Petch强化，细粒金属材料比同一化学成分的常规涂层显着更硬和更强，并且具有低线性热膨胀系数（CTE）。 本发明提供了通过调节合金的组成和/或通过改变嵌入涂层中的微粒的化学和体积分数来匹配细粒金属涂层的CTE与基体之一的方法。 细粒金属涂层特别适用于强而轻的制品，精密模具，运动用品，汽车零件和暴露于热循环的部件。 低CTE和将细粒金属涂层的CTE与衬底的CTE匹配的能力使热循环期间的尺寸变化最小化并防止过早失效。
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64.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07910224B2
公开(公告)日：2011-03-22
申请号：US12889567
申请日：2010-09-24
申请人： Gino Palumbo , Jonathan McCrea , Klaus Tomantschger , Iain Brooks , Daehyun Jeong , Dave Limoges , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Uwe Erb
发明人： Gino Palumbo , Jonathan McCrea , Klaus Tomantschger , Iain Brooks , Daehyun Jeong , Dave Limoges , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Uwe Erb
CPC分类号： C25D7/00 , A01K87/00 , A45B9/00 , A63B49/02 , A63B49/10 , A63B49/12 , A63B53/04 , A63B53/10 , A63B53/12 , A63B59/00 , A63B59/50 , A63B59/70 , A63B60/54 , A63B2053/0416 , A63B2209/00 , A63B2209/02 , A63B2209/023 , B82Y30/00 , C23C24/04 , C23C28/021 , C23C28/027 , C25D5/00 , C25D7/0607 , C25D15/02 , F41H5/0457 , F42B5/30 , F42B6/04 , F42B12/80 , Y10T428/12028 , Y10T428/12063 , Y10T428/12146 , Y10T428/12292 , Y10T428/12493 , Y10T428/12535 , Y10T428/12597 , Y10T428/12674 , Y10T428/12701 , Y10T428/12708 , Y10T428/12736 , Y10T428/12743 , Y10T428/1275 , Y10T428/12757 , Y10T428/12764 , Y10T428/12778 , Y10T428/12937 , Y10T428/12972 , Y10T428/13 , Y10T428/24942 , Y10T428/256 , Y10T428/26 , Y10T428/2918 , Y10T428/2956 , Y10T428/2958 , Y10T428/2964 , Y10T428/30 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： Fine-gained (average grain size 1 nm to 1,000 nm) metallic coatings optionally containing solid particulates dispersed therein are disclosed. The fine-grained metallic materials are significantly harder and stronger than conventional coatings of the same chemical composition due to Hall-Fetch strengthening and have low linear coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs). The invention provides means for matching the CTE of the fine-grained metallic coating to the one of the substrate by adjusting the composition of the alloy and/or by varying the chemistry and volume fraction of particulates embedded in the coating. The fine-grained metallic coatings are particularly suited for strong and lightweight articles, precision molds, sporting goods, automotive parts and components exposed to thermal cycling. The low CTEs and the ability to match the CTEs of the fine-grained metallic coatings with the CTEs of the substrate minimize dimensional changes during thermal cycling and prevent premature failure.
摘要翻译： 公开了可选地含有分散在其中的固体颗粒的金属涂层（平均晶粒尺寸为1nm至1,000nm）的金属涂层。 由于Hall-Fetch强化，细粒金属材料比同一化学成分的常规涂层显着更硬和更强，并具有低线性热膨胀系数（CTE）。 本发明提供了通过调节合金的组成和/或通过改变嵌入涂层中的微粒的化学和体积分数来匹配细粒金属涂层的CTE与基体之一的方法。 细粒金属涂层特别适用于强而轻的制品，精密模具，运动用品，汽车零件和暴露于热循环的部件。 低CTE和将细粒金属涂层的CTE与衬底的CTE匹配的能力使热循环期间的尺寸变化最小化并防止过早失效。
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65.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20110014488A1
公开(公告)日：2011-01-20
申请号：US12889567
申请日：2010-09-24
申请人： Gino Palumbo , Jonathan McCrea , Klaus Tomantschger , Iain Brooks , Daehyun Jeong , Dave Limoges , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Uwe Erb
发明人： Gino Palumbo , Jonathan McCrea , Klaus Tomantschger , Iain Brooks , Daehyun Jeong , Dave Limoges , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Uwe Erb
IPC分类号： B32B15/20 , B32B15/00 , B32B17/06 , B32B15/04 , B32B18/00 , D02G3/36 , B32B5/00 , B32B15/01 , B32B15/18 , A63B53/00 , B32B5/16 , F42B6/02 , A63B59/00
CPC分类号： C25D7/00 , A01K87/00 , A45B9/00 , A63B49/02 , A63B49/10 , A63B49/12 , A63B53/04 , A63B53/10 , A63B53/12 , A63B59/00 , A63B59/50 , A63B59/70 , A63B60/54 , A63B2053/0416 , A63B2209/00 , A63B2209/02 , A63B2209/023 , B82Y30/00 , C23C24/04 , C23C28/021 , C23C28/027 , C25D5/00 , C25D7/0607 , C25D15/02 , F41H5/0457 , F42B5/30 , F42B6/04 , F42B12/80 , Y10T428/12028 , Y10T428/12063 , Y10T428/12146 , Y10T428/12292 , Y10T428/12493 , Y10T428/12535 , Y10T428/12597 , Y10T428/12674 , Y10T428/12701 , Y10T428/12708 , Y10T428/12736 , Y10T428/12743 , Y10T428/1275 , Y10T428/12757 , Y10T428/12764 , Y10T428/12778 , Y10T428/12937 , Y10T428/12972 , Y10T428/13 , Y10T428/24942 , Y10T428/256 , Y10T428/26 , Y10T428/2918 , Y10T428/2956 , Y10T428/2958 , Y10T428/2964 , Y10T428/30 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： Fine-gained (average grain size 1 mm to 1,000 nm) metallic coatings optionally containing solid particulates dispersed therein are disclosed. The fine-grained metallic materials are significantly harder and stronger than conventional coatings of the same chemical composition due to Hall-Fetch strengthening and have low linear coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs). The invention provides means for matching the CTE of the fine-grained metallic coating to the one of the substrate by adjusting the composition of the alloy and/or by varying the chemistry and volume fraction of particulates embedded in the coating. The fine-grained metallic coatings are particularly suited for strong and lightweight articles, precision molds, sporting goods, automotive parts and components exposed to thermal cycling. The low CTEs and the ability to match the CTEs of the fine-grained metallic coatings with the CTEs of the substrate minimize dimensional changes during thermal cycling and prevent premature failure.
摘要翻译： 公开了细分获得的（平均粒径为1mm至1000nm）的金属涂层，其中任选地含有分散在其中的固体颗粒。 由于Hall-Fetch强化，细粒金属材料比同一化学成分的常规涂层显着更硬和更强，并具有低线性热膨胀系数（CTE）。 本发明提供了通过调节合金的组成和/或通过改变嵌入涂层中的微粒的化学和体积分数来匹配细粒金属涂层的CTE与基体之一的方法。 细粒金属涂层特别适用于强而轻的制品，精密模具，运动用品，汽车零件和暴露于热循环的部件。 低CTE和将细粒金属涂层的CTE与衬底的CTE匹配的能力使热循环期间的尺寸变化最小化并防止过早失效。
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66.发明申请METAL-COATED POLYMER ARTICLE OF HIGH DURABILITY AND VACUUM AND/OR PRESSURE INTEGRITY 有权金属涂层聚合物高耐久性和真空和/或压力完整性的物品公开(公告)号：US20100304063A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-02
申请号：US12476485
申请日：2009-06-02
申请人： Jonathan McCrea , Fracisco Gonzalez , Gino Palumbo , Klaus Tomantschger , Rich Emrich , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Mary Pasquantonio , John Kratochwil , Herath Katugaha
发明人： Jonathan McCrea , Fracisco Gonzalez , Gino Palumbo , Klaus Tomantschger , Rich Emrich , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Mary Pasquantonio , John Kratochwil , Herath Katugaha
CPC分类号： B32B15/08 , B32B5/16 , B32B15/043 , B32B15/16 , B32B27/14 , C08J7/04 , C08J7/045 , C08J7/123 , C08J2323/06 , C23C18/1601 , C23C18/165 , C23C18/20 , C23C18/2006 , C23C18/2013 , C23C18/2086 , C23C18/2093 , C23C18/22 , C23C18/30 , C23C24/04 , C23C28/00 , C23C28/021 , C23C28/023 , C25D7/00 , Y10T428/12049 , Y10T428/12479 , Y10T428/12882 , Y10T428/13 , Y10T428/131 , Y10T428/1314 , Y10T428/1321 , Y10T428/1355 , Y10T428/1359 , Y10T428/1372 , Y10T428/1376 , Y10T428/1379 , Y10T428/1386 , Y10T428/1393 , Y10T428/24997 , Y10T428/25 , Y10T428/256 , Y10T428/257 , Y10T428/259 , Y10T428/269 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： Metal-coated polymer articles containing structural substantially porosity-free, fine-grained and/or amorphous metallic coatings/layers optionally containing solid particulates dispersed therein on polymer substrates, are disclosed. The substantially porosity-free metallic coatings/layers/patches are applied to polymer or polymer composite substrates to provide, enhance or restore vacuum/pressure integrity and fluid sealing functions. Due to the excellent adhesion between the metallic coating and the polymer article satisfactory thermal cycling performance is achieved. The invention can also be employed as a repair/refurbishment technique. The fine-grained and/or amorphous metallic coatings are particularly suited for strong and lightweight articles, precision molds, sporting goods, aerospace and automotive parts and other components exposed to thermal cycling and stress created by erosion and impact damage.
摘要翻译： 公开了包含基本上无孔隙结构，细粒度和/或无定形金属涂层/层的金属涂覆的聚合物制品，其任选地包含分散在聚合物基材上的固体颗粒。 将基本上无孔隙的金属涂层/层/贴片施加到聚合物或聚合物复合基材上以提供，增强或恢复真空/压力完整性和流体密封功能。 由于金属涂层和聚合物制品之间优异的粘合性，可实现令人满意的热循环性能。 本发明也可以用作维修/翻新技术。 细粒度和/或无定形金属涂层特别适用于强而轻的制品，精密模具，运动用品，航空航天和汽车零件以及暴露于热循环和受冲击和冲击损坏产生的应力的其他部件。
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公开(公告)号：US07591745B2
公开(公告)日：2009-09-22
申请号：US12000582
申请日：2007-12-14
申请人： Gino Palumbo , Iain Brooks , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Klaus Tomantschger , Jonathan McCrea , Dave Limoges , Uwe Erb
发明人： Gino Palumbo , Iain Brooks , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Klaus Tomantschger , Jonathan McCrea , Dave Limoges , Uwe Erb
IPC分类号： A63B59/06
CPC分类号： C25D15/00 , A01K87/00 , A45B9/00 , A63B49/02 , A63B49/10 , A63B53/04 , A63B53/0466 , A63B53/10 , A63B53/12 , A63B59/00 , A63B59/50 , A63B59/70 , A63B60/54 , A63B2053/0416 , A63B2209/00 , A63B2209/023 , B82Y30/00 , C25D1/00 , C25D7/00 , Y02P20/582 , Y10T428/12028 , Y10T428/12493 , Y10T428/12708 , Y10T428/12778 , Y10T428/13 , Y10T428/24405 , Y10T428/24413 , Y10T428/26 , Y10T428/265 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： Articles for automotive, manufacturing and industrial applications including shafts or tubes used, for example, as golf club shafts, ski and hiking poles, fishing rods or bicycle frames, skate blades and snowboards are at least partially electroplated with fine-grained layers of selected metallic materials. Parts with complex geometry can be coated as well. Alternatively, articles such as conical or cylindrical golf club shafts, hiking pole shafts or fishing pole sections, plates or foils and the like can also be electroformed of fine-grained metallic materials on a suitable mandrel or temporary substrate to produce strong, ductile, lightweight components exhibiting a high coefficient of restitution and a high stiffness for use in numerous applications including sporting goods.
摘要翻译： 用于汽车，制造和工业应用的制品，包括例如用作高尔夫球棒杆，滑雪和徒步杆，钓鱼竿或自行车车架，滑冰板和滑雪板的轴或管，至少部分地电镀有选定金属的细粒层 材料 具有复杂几何形状的部件也可以被涂覆。 或者，诸如锥形或圆柱形高尔夫球杆杆，徒步杆杆或钓鱼杆部分，板或箔等的物品也可以在合适的心轴或临时基底上电铸成细粒度的金属材料，以产生强的，延性的，轻质的 表现出高恢复系数和高刚度的组件用于包括运动用品在内的许多应用中。
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68.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07553553B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-30
申请号：US12000352
申请日：2007-12-12
申请人： Gino Palumbo , Jonathan McCrea , Klaus Tomantschger , Iain Brooks , Daehyun Jeong , Dave Limoges , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Uwe Erb , Andrew Wang
发明人： Gino Palumbo , Jonathan McCrea , Klaus Tomantschger , Iain Brooks , Daehyun Jeong , Dave Limoges , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Uwe Erb , Andrew Wang
CPC分类号： C25D7/00 , A01K87/00 , A45B9/00 , A63B49/02 , A63B49/10 , A63B49/12 , A63B53/04 , A63B53/0466 , A63B53/047 , A63B53/10 , A63B53/12 , A63B59/00 , A63B59/50 , A63B60/54 , A63B2053/0416 , A63B2209/00 , A63B2209/023 , B82Y30/00 , C23C26/00 , C25D5/00 , C25D15/02 , F42B5/30 , Y10T428/12049 , Y10T428/12201 , Y10T428/12569 , Y10T428/1321 , Y10T428/24612 , Y10T428/249941 , Y10T428/31507 , Y10T428/31511 , Y10T428/31681 , Y10T428/31685 , Y10T428/31692
摘要： Lightweight articles comprising a polymeric material at least partially coated with a fine-grained metallic material are disclosed. The fine-grained metallic material has an average grain size of 2 nm to 5,000 nm, a thickness between 25 micron and 5 cm, and a hardness between 200 VHN and 3,000 VHN. The lightweight articles are strong and ductile and exhibit high coefficients of restitution and a high stiffness and are particularly suitable for a variety of applications including aerospace and automotive parts, sporting goods, and the like.
摘要翻译： 公开了包含至少部分涂覆有细粒金属材料的聚合材料的轻质制品。 细晶金属材料的平均粒径为2nm〜5000nm，厚度为25μm〜5cm，硬度为200HHN〜3000HVN。 轻型制品是坚固的和延展性的并且表现出高的恢复系数和高刚度，并且特别适用于各种应用，包括航空航天和汽车零件，运动用品等。
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69.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07320832B2
公开(公告)日：2008-01-22
申请号：US11297805
申请日：2005-12-09
申请人： Gino Palumbo , Jonathan McCrea , Klaus Tomantschger , Iain Brooks , Daehyun Jeong , Dave Limoges , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Uwe Erb
发明人： Gino Palumbo , Jonathan McCrea , Klaus Tomantschger , Iain Brooks , Daehyun Jeong , Dave Limoges , Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos , Uwe Erb
CPC分类号： C25D7/00 , A01K87/00 , A45B9/00 , A63B49/02 , A63B49/10 , A63B49/12 , A63B53/04 , A63B53/10 , A63B53/12 , A63B59/00 , A63B59/50 , A63B59/70 , A63B60/54 , A63B2053/0416 , A63B2209/00 , A63B2209/02 , A63B2209/023 , B82Y30/00 , C23C24/04 , C23C28/021 , C23C28/027 , C25D5/00 , C25D7/0607 , C25D15/02 , F41H5/0457 , F42B5/30 , F42B6/04 , F42B12/80 , Y10T428/12028 , Y10T428/12063 , Y10T428/12146 , Y10T428/12292 , Y10T428/12493 , Y10T428/12535 , Y10T428/12597 , Y10T428/12674 , Y10T428/12701 , Y10T428/12708 , Y10T428/12736 , Y10T428/12743 , Y10T428/1275 , Y10T428/12757 , Y10T428/12764 , Y10T428/12778 , Y10T428/12937 , Y10T428/12972 , Y10T428/13 , Y10T428/24942 , Y10T428/256 , Y10T428/26 , Y10T428/2918 , Y10T428/2956 , Y10T428/2958 , Y10T428/2964 , Y10T428/30 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： Fine-grained (average grain size 1 nm to 1,000 nm) metallic coatings optionally containing solid particulates dispersed therein are disclosed. The fine-grained metallic materials are significantly harder and stronger than conventional coatings of the same chemical composition due to Hall-Petch strengthening and have low linear coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs). The invention provides means for matching the CTE of the fine-grained metallic coating to the one of the substrate by adjusting the composition of the alloy and/or by varying the chemistry and volume fraction of particulates embedded in the coating. The fine-grained metallic coatings are particularly suited for strong and lightweight articles, precision molds, sporting goods, automotive parts and components exposed to thermal cycling. The low CTEs and the ability to match the CTEs of the fine-grained metallic coatings with the CTEs of the substrate minimize dimensional changes during thermal cycling and prevent premature failure.
摘要翻译： 公开了细粒度（平均粒径1nm至1000nm）金属涂层，其任选地含有分散在其中的固体颗粒。 由于Hall-Petch强化，细粒金属材料比同一化学成分的常规涂层显着更硬和更强，并且具有低线性热膨胀系数（CTE）。 本发明提供了通过调节合金的组成和/或通过改变嵌入涂层中的微粒的化学和体积分数来匹配细粒金属涂层的CTE与基体之一的方法。 细粒金属涂层特别适用于强而轻的制品，精密模具，运动用品，汽车零件和暴露于热循环的部件。 低CTE和将细粒金属涂层的CTE与衬底的CTE匹配的能力使热循环期间的尺寸变化最小化并防止过早失效。
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公开(公告)号：US20050224365A1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-13
申请号：US11104120
申请日：2005-04-12
摘要： A method for producing borohydride by causing current to flow in an electrolytic cell between an anode and a cathode, wherein a solution of a boron-containing compound is in contact with the cathode, and wherein the cathode comprises a conductive material having activity as a high hydrogen overpotential electrode.
摘要翻译： 通过使电流在阳极和阴极之间的电解池中流动而制造硼氢化物的方法，其中含硼化合物的溶液与阴极接触，并且其中阴极包括具有高活性的导电材料 氢超电极。
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