Abstract:
An electro-chemical plating process begins with supplying a supercritical fluid into an electroplating solution to be deposited, and a bias is applied between a substrate and an electrode, which is located in the electroplating solution. The substrate is placed into the electroplating solution to deposit a material on the substrate.
Abstract:
Nanocomposite magnetic materials, methods of manufacturing nanocomposite magnetic materials, and magnetic devices and systems using these nanocomposite magnetic materials are described. A nanocomposite magnetic material can be formed using an electro-infiltration process where nanomaterials (synthesized with tailored size, shape, magnetic properties, and surface chemistries) are infiltrated by electroplated magnetic metals after consolidating the nanomaterials into porous microstructures on planar substrates. The nanomaterials may be considered the inclusion phase, and the magnetic metals may be considered the matrix phase of the multi-phase nanocomposite.
Abstract:
Methods described herein manage wafer entry into an electrolyte so that air entrapment due to initial impact of the wafer and/or wafer holder with the electrolyte is reduced and the wafer is moved in such a way that an electrolyte wetting wave front is maintained throughout immersion of the wafer also minimizing air entrapment.
Abstract:
An apparatus for continuous simultaneous electroplating of two metals having substantially different standard electrodeposition potentials (e.g., for deposition of Sn—Ag alloys) comprises an anode chamber for containing an anolyte comprising ions of a first, less noble metal, (e.g., tin), but not of a second, more noble, metal (e.g., silver) and an active anode; a cathode chamber for containing catholyte including ions of a first metal (e.g., tin), ions of a second, more noble, metal (e.g., silver), and the substrate; a separation structure positioned between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, where the separation structure substantially prevents transfer of more noble metal from catholyte to the anolyte; and fluidic features and an associated controller coupled to the apparatus and configured to perform continuous electroplating, while maintaining substantially constant concentrations of plating bath components for extended periods of use.
Abstract:
An electroplating apparatus has one or more membrane tube rings which act as electric field shields, to provide advantageous plating characteristics at the perimeter of a work piece. The membrane tube rings may be filled with fluids having different conductivity, to change the shielding effect as desired for electroplating different types of substrates. The membrane tube rings may optionally be provided in or on a diffuser plate in the vessel of the apparatus.
Abstract:
Disclosed are pre-wetting apparatus designs and methods. In some embodiments, a pre-wetting apparatus includes a degasser, a process chamber, and a controller. The process chamber includes a wafer holder configured to hold a wafer substrate, a vacuum port configured to allow formation of a subatmospheric pressure in the process chamber, and a fluid inlet coupled to the degasser and configured to deliver a degassed pre-wetting fluid onto the wafer substrate at a velocity of at least about 7 meters per second whereby particles on the wafer substrate are dislodged and at a flow rate whereby dislodged particles are removed from the wafer substrate. The controller includes program instructions for forming a wetting layer on the wafer substrate in the process chamber by contacting the wafer substrate with the degassed pre-wetting fluid admitted through the fluid inlet at a flow rate of at least about 0.4 liters per minute.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for providing a copper seed layer on top of a barrier layer wherein said seed layer is deposited onto said barrier layer from an aqueous electroless copper plating bath comprising a water-soluble source for Cu(II) ions, a reducing agent for Cu(II) ions, at least one complexing agent for Cu(II) ions and at least one source for hydroxide ions selected from the group consisting of RbOH, CsOH and mixtures thereof. The resulting copper seed layer has a homogeneous thickness distribution and a smooth outer surface which are both desired properties.
Abstract:
Nanocomposite magnetic materials, methods of manufacturing nanocomposite magnetic materials, and magnetic devices and systems using these nanocomposite magnetic materials are described. A nanocomposite magnetic material can be formed using an electro-infiltration process where nanomaterials (synthesized with tailored size, shape, magnetic properties, and surface chemistries) are infiltrated by electroplated magnetic metals after consolidating the nanomaterials into porous microstructures on planar substrates. The nanomaterials may be considered the inclusion phase, and the magnetic metals may be considered the matrix phase of the multi-phase nanocomposite.
Abstract:
A method for coating of a first substrate with a first diffusion bond layer by deposition of a first material which forms the first diffusion bond layer on a first surface of the first substrate such that the first diffusion bond layer forms a grain surface with an average grain diameter H parallel to the first surface smaller than 1 μm. The invention further relates to a method for bonding of a first substrate which has been coated as described above to a second substrate which has a second diffusion bond layer, the method of the bonding comprising the following steps: bring a first diffusion bond layer of a first substrate into contact with a second diffusion bond layer of a second substrate, pressing the substrates together to form a permanent metal diffusion bond between the first and second substrates.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a decorative part (1, 3, 5) including several stones (2) and a device (7, 7′, 47, 47′) for securing the stones (2) in relation to each other. According to the invention, the securing device (7, 7′, 47, 47′) includes a single electrodeposited base (9, 9′, 49, 49′) whose shape matches one part of the stones, thus allowing all the stones (2) to be attached in relation to each other without any stress, and the girdles (6) of the stones (2) are mounted edge-to-edge in relation to each other so that the single base is concealed. The invention also relates to the method for manufacturing a part (1, 3, 5) of this type.