摘要:
A device is disclosed for the generation of hydrogen peroxide. The device produces hydrogen peroxide on an as-needed basis through the use of electrolysis of water, remixing hydrogen and oxygen in an appropriate ratio, and reacting the hydrogen and oxygen in water in a reactor.
摘要:
A solid fuel for use in fuel cells is presented. The solid fuel includes solid oxygenates, and mixtures for generating a gaseous fuel from the solid fuel. The solid fuel can be contained in a cartridge and reacted with a liquid reactant for generating a gaseous fuel used in the fuel cell.
摘要:
A device is disclosed for cooling motors that generate heat during operation. The device is more specifically directed to handheld power tools where long operation can lead to overheating of the handheld tool.
摘要:
A device is disclosed for simultaneous cutting and cauterizing of tissue. The device comprises a cutting edge of a blade. The blade defines a channel within the blade wherein the outlet end of the channel is near the cutting edge. A catalyst is disposed near the outlet end. The channel carries a gaseous mixture to the catalyst where the mixture reacts in the presence of the catalyst and generated heat. The heat generated cauterizes blood vessels as the blade cuts through tissue.
摘要:
A method of determining a surface property of a plurality of solids by contacting the solids with a fluid, measuring the radiation emitted, absorbed, or altered during desorption of the fluid using a detector, and then determining at least one surface property of the solids from the radiation measurements has been invented. The invention is particularly useful in combinatorial applications in order to evaluate a plurality of solids or mixtures of solids to determine at least one surface property of each of the solids.
摘要:
Hydrogen generation and fuel cell operation are integrated through the use of a low-cost hydrogen generation zone which comprises a pre-reforming zone, a partial oxidation zone, a reforming zone, and a water gas shift zone. Anode waste gas from the fuel cell is burned to provide heat to pre-reform the feed to the hydrogen generation zone while the burner exit temperature and the reforming zone exit temperatures are controlled to eliminate thermal cycling in the hydrogenation zone. This simplified control of the hot side temperatures in the hydrogen generation zone below about 700° C. combined with use of the pre-reforming zone, surprisingly permits the use of carbon steel and/or stainless steel for construction of the hydrogenation zone while providing an efficient system which does not require external fuel and offers a high degree of feedstock flexibility at low cost.
摘要:
Hydrogen generation and fuel cell operation are integrated through the use of a low-cost hydrogen generation zone which comprises a pre-reforming zone, a partial oxidation zone, a reforming zone, and a water gas shift zone. Anode waste gas from the fuel cell is burned to provide heat to pre-reform the feed to the hydrogen generation zone while the burner exit temperature and the reforming zone exit temperatures are controlled using a simplified control system to eliminate thermal cycling in the hydrogenation zone. This simplified control of the hot side temperatures in the hydrogen generation zone below about 700° C. combined with use of the pre-reforming zone, surprisingly permits the use of carbon steel and/or stainless steel for construction of the hydrogenation zone while providing an efficient system which does not require external fuel and offers a high degree of feedstock flexibility at low cost.
摘要:
An apparatus is provided which comprises two burner zones using a single igniter separated by a heat transfer zone for use in low-cost hydrogen generation units. When used in conjunction with a control system which limits the effluent temperature to less than about 700° C., the apparatus can be constructed of materials such as carbon steel and stainless steel rather than more exotic materials. This simplified structure and the use of less exotic materials provides an efficient, low-cost combined partial oxidation reactor for small-scale hydrogen production systems, especially for hydrogen production systems associated with fuel cell operation for the production of electricity.
摘要:
An inexpensive heat exchanger is disclosed, wherein the heat exchanger is made up of a plurality of plates and each plate has at least one channel defined in the plate. The plates are stacked and bonded together to form a block having conduits for carrying at least one fluid and where the exchanger includes an expansion device enclosed within the unit. The plates include construction to thermally insulate the sections of the heat exchanger to control the heat flow within the heat exchanger.