Method and apparatus for managing variable density drilling mud
    65.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for managing variable density drilling mud 有权
    用于管理可变密度钻井泥浆的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US07677332B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-03-16

    申请号:US12160999

    申请日:2007-02-13

    IPC分类号: E21B21/01 E21B21/06 E21B21/08

    摘要: A method and system for drilling a wellbore is described. The system includes a wellbore with a variable density drilling mud, drilling pipe, a bottom hole assembly disposed in the wellbore and a drilling mud processing unit in fluid communication with the wellbore. The variable density drilling mud has compressible particles and drilling fluid. The bottom hole assembly is coupled to the drilling pipe while the drilling mud processing unit is configured to separate the compressible particles from the variable density drilling mud. The compressible particles in this embodiment may include compressible hollow objects filled with pressurized gas an configured to maintain the mud weight between the fracture pressure gradient and the pore pressure gradient. In addition, the system and method may also manage the use of compressible particles having different characteristics, such as size, during the drilling operations.

    摘要翻译: 描述了钻井井的方法和系统。 该系统包括具有可变密度钻井泥浆,钻井管,设置在井筒中的井底组件和与井筒流体连通的钻井泥浆处理单元的井筒。 可变密度钻井泥浆具有可压缩颗粒和钻井液。 井底组件联接到钻井管道,而钻井泥浆处理单元构造成将可压缩颗粒与可变密度钻井泥浆分离。 该实施例中的可压缩颗粒可以包括填充有加压气体的可压缩中空物体,其构造成在破裂压力梯度和孔隙压力梯度之间保持泥浆重量。 此外,该系统和方法还可以在钻井操作期间管理具有不同特征的尺寸的可压缩颗粒的使用。

    Integrally-layered polymeric membranes and method of use
    66.
    发明申请
    Integrally-layered polymeric membranes and method of use 有权
    整体层状聚合物膜及其使用方法

    公开(公告)号:US20080035571A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-02-14

    申请号:US11890224

    申请日:2007-08-03

    摘要: This invention relates to the composition of an integrally-layered polymeric membrane and a process for utilizing the integrally-layered polymeric membrane components of a feedstream. More particularly, but not by way of limitation, this invention relates to the composition of an integrally-layered polymeric membrane and a process for utilizing the integrally-layered polymeric membrane in the separation of aromatics from a hydrocarbon based feedstream. The polymeric membranes of the present invention are fabricated by chemically crosslinking adjacent polymer membrane layers of the same or differing copolymer solutions to produce an integrally-layered polymeric membrane with improved separations properties.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一体化层状聚合物膜的组合物以及利用进料流的整体层状聚合物膜组分的方法。 更具体地但不是限制性的,本发明涉及一体层状聚合物膜的组合物以及用于在从基于烃的原料流分离芳族化合物的过程中利用整体层状聚合物膜的方法。 通过化学交联相同或不同共聚物溶液的相邻聚合物膜层来制造本发明的聚合物膜,以产生具有改进的分离性能的整体分层的聚合物膜。

    Nanocomposite materials (LAW392)
    67.
    发明授权
    Nanocomposite materials (LAW392) 失效
    纳米复合材料(LAW392)

    公开(公告)号:US5883173A

    公开(公告)日:1999-03-16

    申请号:US771179

    申请日:1996-12-20

    CPC分类号: C08F2/44 C08K3/346

    摘要: The present invention relates to a latex comprising water and a layered material intercalated with a polymer. The invention also relates to a nanocomposite material comprising a layered material intercalated with a polymer. The latex can be produced by forming a dispersion of layered material in water, adding surfactant, polymerizable monomer or monomers, and a polymerization initiator to the mixture and then polymerizing the monomer to form a latex. The latex can also be formed from preformed polymers. Composite materials formed from latexes produced by either method have improved mechanical properties and reduced air permeability.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及包含水和嵌入聚合物的分层材料的胶乳。 本发明还涉及纳米复合材料,其包含插入聚合物的层状材料。 可以通过在水中形成层状材料的分散体,将表面活性剂,可聚合单体或单体和聚合引发剂加成到混合物中,然后使单体聚合以形成胶乳来制备胶乳。 胶乳也可以由预制的聚合物形成。 由任一方法生产的胶乳形成的复合材料具有改善的机械性能和降低的透气性。

    Water soluble rigid rod sulfonated aromatic polyamide
    68.
    发明授权
    Water soluble rigid rod sulfonated aromatic polyamide 失效
    水溶性刚性棒磺化芳香族聚酰胺

    公开(公告)号:US5095073A

    公开(公告)日:1992-03-10

    申请号:US487099

    申请日:1990-03-02

    IPC分类号: C08G69/32 C08G69/48

    CPC分类号: C08G69/48 C08G69/32

    摘要: A water soluble and brine soluble rod-like polymer having recurring any units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein n is a 2 to 22 straight chained or branched chained alkyl or cycloalkyl group and the level of sulfonation is about 20 to about 100 mole %, and M is a tertiary amine or a metal cation selected from the group consisting of aluminum, iron, lead, Groups IA, IIA, IB and IIB of the Periodic Table of Elements.

    摘要翻译: 具有重复任何下式的单元的水溶性和盐水可溶性棒状聚合物:其中n是2至22个直链或支链链烷基或环烷基,磺化度为约20至约100摩尔% ,M是选自元素周期表的铝,铁,铅,IA,IIA,IB和IIB族的叔胺或金属阳离子。

    Compatible mixtures of cationic viscoelastic monomer fluids and
cationic-alkyl containing copolymers
    69.
    发明授权
    Compatible mixtures of cationic viscoelastic monomer fluids and cationic-alkyl containing copolymers 失效
    阳离子粘弹性单体流体和含阳离子烷基的共聚物的相容混合物

    公开(公告)号:US4960821A

    公开(公告)日:1990-10-02

    申请号:US135824

    申请日:1987-12-21

    申请人: Dennis G. Peiffer

    发明人: Dennis G. Peiffer

    IPC分类号: C08F265/10 C09K8/12

    CPC分类号: C09K8/12 C08F265/10

    摘要: The synthesis, preparation and utilization of cationic viscoelastic monomer fluids mixed with cationic-alkyl containing copolymers are described. These fluid mixtures possess dramatic rheological behavior at very low concentrations as compared to the two individual components or even in comparison with most conventional water soluble polymers. Marked changes in solution properties are exhibited with minor modifications in the structure of the polymers, monomer structure, and monomer stoichometry.

    摘要翻译: 描述了与阳离子含烷基共聚物混合的阳离子粘弹性单体流体的合成,制备和利用。 与两种单独组分相比,甚至与大多数常规水溶性聚合物相比,这些流体混合物在非常低的浓度下具有显着的流变行为。 在聚合物的结构,单体结构和单体测定方法上进行了微小的修改,表现出溶液特性的显着变化。

    Cationic-hydrogen bonding type hydrophobically associating copolymers
    70.
    发明授权
    Cationic-hydrogen bonding type hydrophobically associating copolymers 失效
    阳离子 - 氢键型疏水缔合共聚物

    公开(公告)号:US4847342A

    公开(公告)日:1989-07-11

    申请号:US135829

    申请日:1987-12-21

    申请人: Dennis G. Peiffer

    发明人: Dennis G. Peiffer

    IPC分类号: C08F4/30 C08F220/56

    CPC分类号: C08F220/56

    摘要: A homogeneous free radical copolymerization process for the formation of a copolymer of acrylamide and a cationic hydrogen-bonding alkoxypropyl which comprises the steps of:(a) forming a mixture of monomer and the acrylamide-monomer under a nitrogen atmosphere;(b) adding deoxygenated water to said mixture to form a homogeneous reaction solution;(c) adding a free radical initiator to said homogeneous reaction solution to initiate polymerization of said acrylamide monomer and said cationic hydrogen-bonding alkoxypropyl monomer; and(d) copolymerizing said acrylamide monomer and said monomer at a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient period of time to form said copolymer of acrylamide monomer and without the formation of substantial amounts of particulates or phase separation occurring, said copolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of about 1 to about 10 dl/g. said copolymer having the formula: ##STR1## wherein n is 6 to 22 straight chained or branched alkyl or cycloalkyl group. X is about 90 to about 99.9 mole % and y is about 0.1 to about 10.0 mole %.

    摘要翻译: 用于形成丙烯酰胺和阳离子氢键烷氧基丙基的共聚物的均匀的自由基共聚方法,其包括以下步骤:(a)在氮气氛下形成单体和丙烯酰胺单体的混合物; (b)向所述混合物中加入脱氧水以形成均匀的反应溶液; (c)向所述均相反应溶液中加入自由基引发剂以引发所述丙烯酰胺单体和所述阳离子氢键合烷氧基丙基单体的聚合; 和(d)将所述丙烯酰胺单体和所述单体在足够的温度下共聚足够的时间以形成所述丙烯酰胺单体的共聚物,而不会形成大量的微粒或相分离,所述共聚物的特性粘度为 约1至约10dl / g。 所述共聚物具有下式:其中n为6至22个直链或支链烷基或环烷基。 X为约90至约99.9摩尔%,y为约0.1至约10.0摩尔%。