Abstract:
A method of reducing tensile stress within a drilled element 100 at an intersection 130 between a primary bore 110 and a secondary bore 120 comprises the following steps. A first face of the drilled element 100 is loaded with a first loading element. A compressive hoop stress is generated where the first face of the drilled element 100 is loaded by the first loading element, and the intersection 130 is sufficiently close to the first face of the drilled element 100 such that the compressive hoop stress counteracts tensile stress in the drilled element 100 at the intersection 130. A suitable drilled element 100 and fluid flow systems, such as a fuel injector, including such a drilled element 100 are also described.
Abstract:
An electrical connector assembly including a first connector having a first casing and a first contact and a second contact, and a second connector having a second casing and a first and a second contact. The first and second connectors are configured to transition between an unassembled condition and an assembled condition to connect the first contacts together and the second contacts. The second connector supports a connector position assurance (CPA) element. In the unassembled condition, the CPA element abuts against a surface borne by one of connectors, thereby preventing movement of the CPA element relative to the second connector between a safety and an active position. In the assembled condition, the CPA element does not abut against the surface and is movable relative to the second connector between the safety and active positions, so as to connect the contact carried by the CPA element with the corresponding contact.
Abstract:
A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst control system and method for an engine is disclosed. Urea injection to an SCR catalyst is determined based on an SCR catalyst model, which determines a value of stored NH3 in the SCR catalyst based on the NOx engine emission value, the SCR catalyst temperature, the quantity of urea supplied to the SCR catalyst and a pre-determined efficiency of conversion of NOx gases. A target value of stored NH3 and the value of stored NH3 in the SCR catalyst is then used to determine a stored NH3 differential, which is then used to calculate urea injection.
Abstract:
The objective of the present invention is to provide a control device for an engine that enables precise control of the equivalence ratio. The system from the fuel injection amount to the output from a LAF sensor is modeled as an injection amount-sensor output model by means of a model equation containing model parameters and a lag coefficient. The system from the equivalence ratio to the LAF sensor output is modeled as a port equivalence ratio-sensor output model by means of a model equation containing the lag coefficient. The control device is equipped with: a feedback-use identifier that successively identifies values for the model parameters; a LAF lag compensation-use identifier that successively identifies values for the lag coefficient; and a stoichiometric driving mode controller that determines the value of a fuel injection amount.
Abstract:
A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The fuel injector is installable in a cylinder head bore of a cylinder head of the engine and has a body region arranged to be received within the cylinder head bore, and a head region arranged to extend outside the cylinder head bore to protrude from the cylinder head when the injector is installed in the cylinder head bore. The injector includes a first valve needle arranged to control the injection of a gaseous fuel from a first outlet, a second valve needle arranged to control the injection of a liquid fuel from a second outlet, a gaseous fuel inlet for admitting the gaseous fuel to the injector, and a liquid fuel inlet port for admitting the liquid fuel to the injector. The gaseous fuel inlet is disposed in the body region of the injector, and the liquid fuel inlet port is disposed in the head region of the injector. The injector can also include an internal accumulator volume so that an external fuel rail is not necessary.
Abstract:
An electrical module for use within a fuel injector for delivering fuel to an internal combustion engine is described. The electrical module has a variable length. The electrical module comprises electrical contacts for operatively connecting the electrical module to a power plug of a fuel injector. The electrical module also comprises an actuator for operatively controlling a control valve disposed within the fuel injector. The electrical module also comprises electrical conductors arranged within a protective housing. These electrical conductors provide an electrical connection between the electrical contacts and the actuator in order to provide electrical power to the actuator when the electrical contacts are operatively connected to the power plug of the fuel injector. The body of the electrical module is comprised of a compressible elastic element, such that the length of the module is variable by compressing the elastic element. Injectors including such electrical modules are also described.
Abstract:
A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine includes an injector body, a first actuator for controlling movement of a first valve needle for injecting a first fuel into a cylinder of the engine, and a second actuator for controlling movement of a second valve needle for injecting a second fuel into the cylinder. Each of the actuators are axially spaced along a longitudinal axis of the injector body and has a respective conductive element for carrying current to the actuator, the injector further includes an electrical connector module which has first and second electrical connectors for connection with an associated one of the conductive elements for the actuators. The electrical connector module is mounted between the first and second actuators along the longitudinal axis of the injector body.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a shielded connector for a motor vehicle. The connector comprises at least one casing shielding element. The shielding element includes a cable outlet portion provided with a plurality of resilient tabs that are integral with the shielding element. The tabs include a contact zone in electrical contact with a ferrule crimped to a shielding braid of a cable. The contact zone is maintained pressed against the shielding braid by means of a removable clamping ring.
Abstract:
A method of operating an internal combustion engine is proposed, the engine comprising an exhaust system with a DOC and a DPF and, downstream thereof a SCR catalyst. The ECU is configured to allow operation in at least one of a normal mode and a heat-up mode. A predicted temperature evolution of said second exhaust after treatment means is regularly determined based on a thermal model taking into account the thermal inertia of the exhaust system and having as input the current temperatures of the DOC/DPF and SCR. The predicted temperature evolution of SCR is indicative of the temperature that the SCR may reach during a simulated time period in case the operating mode. The engine operating mode is changed depending on the predicted temperature evolution.
Abstract:
A valve assembly suitable for use as an inlet metering valve of a fuel injection system comprises an inlet opening, an outlet aperture, and a valve element arranged to control fluid flow between the inlet opening and the outlet aperture. The valve element is moveable in response to an applied control signal to a closed position and to a fully-open position, and is biased to return to a rest position when the control signal is absent. When the valve element is in the rest position, fluid flow between the inlet opening and the outlet aperture is permitted at a relatively low rate. When the valve element is in the closed position, fluid flow between the inlet opening and the outlet aperture is substantially prevented. When the valve element is in the fully-open position, fluid flow between the inlet opening and the outlet aperture is permitted at a relatively high rate.