摘要:
A sputtering method includes depositing a magnetic thin film on both surfaces of a substrate by magnetron sputtering, wherein magnetic assemblies of magnetron cathodes form a magnetic field asymmetric to a rotation axis perpendicular to the substrate on a target, and a pair of magnet assemblies of magnetron cathodes opposing each other rotate at the same speed and in the same direction. A sputtering mechanism for depositing a magnetic thin film on both surfaces of the substrate by magnetron sputtering, includes a controller system for controlling a rotation drive unit of each magnet assembly on a pair of magnetron cathodes being held in common.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for cooling a rolled steel material, especially a wire rod, which comprises immersing a hot-rolled steel material in foams obtained by adding a blowing agent to water, which foams have a water content of 0.01 to 80 g/100 ml, to cool the steel material by the foams. According to this method, a product having a good quality can be stably obtained by a uniform cooling.
摘要:
Steel hot-rolled to the desired diameter and allowed to travel forward is quenched with cooling water to a temperature below the bainite transformation temperature chosen from within the following range:145.multidot.t/r.sup.2 +130.ltoreq.T.ltoreq.152.multidot.t/r.sup.2 +240whereT=surface temperature of the rolled steel at a point 1 m to 2 m away form the point where quenching ends (.degree.C.)t=time required by the rolled steel for travelling from the quenching ending point to the temperature measuring point (hr)r=radius of the rolled steel (m).Then, the surface area of the rolled steel is subsequently automatically recovered by the heat of the core.
摘要:
A magnetic heat pump cycle has a first to a fourth steps, which are repeatedly carried out. In the first step, a movement of heat medium is stopped by a pressure valve and a pressure accumulating tank and a magnetic field is applied by a magnetic-field control unit to a magnetic working material. In the second step, the pressure valve is opened so that the heat medium flows in a working chamber from a second axial end to a first axial end, and the magnetic field is increased depending on a moving speed of the heat medium. In the third step, the movement of the heat medium is stopped and the magnetic field is decreased. In the fourth step, the heat medium is moved in a reversed direction and the magnetic field is decreased depending on the moving speed of the heat medium.
摘要:
A magneto-caloric effect type heat pump apparatus includes a magneto-caloric element which generates heat when an external magnetic field is applied to and which absorbs heat when the external magnetic field is removed from; a magnetic field switcher which switches the applying and the removal of the external magnetic field from each other; a pump pumping a heat transport medium between a low-temperature end and a high-temperature end of the magneto-caloric element; and an auxiliary heat source device which supplies heat of a heating element to the magneto-caloric element.
摘要:
A magnetic film having excellent uniformity in in-plane distribution of film thickness or sheet resistance is formed when the film is formed by forming a magnetic field on a processing surface of a substrate (21) and performing oblique incidence sputtering by using high discharge power.A sputtering apparatus (1) is provided with a substrate holder (22) for holding rotatably the substrate (21) in the surface direction of the processing surface of the substrate; a substrate magnetic field forming device (30) which is disposed to surround the substrate (21) and forms a magnetic field on the processing surface of the substrate (21); cathodes (41) which are arranged diagonally above the substrate (21) and are supplied with electric discharge power; a position detecting device (23) for detecting a rotation position of the substrate (21); and a control device (50) which adjusts the rotation speed of the substrate (21) in accordance with the rotation position detected by the position detecting device (23).
摘要:
The present invention comprises fuel cells 84 disposed within a fuel cell module 2, a reformer 20, a reformer temperature sensor 148 for detecting a reforming state temperature, and a control section 110 for controlling the operation of the fuel cell module. The control section prohibits the normal startup POX and executes a restart control different from the normal startup POX when the reforming state temperature is at least in a high temperature region within the POX temperature band in a state in which the operation of the solid oxide fuel cell module is stopped.
摘要:
An axial gap-type permanent magnetic rotating machine comprises a rotor comprising a rotating shaft having an axis of rotation, a rotor yoke of disc shape radially extending from the shaft, and a plurality of permanent magnet segments circumferentially arranged on a surface of the rotor yoke such that each permanent magnet segment may have a magnetization direction parallel to the axis of rotation, and a stator having a plurality of circumferentially arranged coils and disposed to define an axial gap with the rotor. In the rotor, each permanent magnet segment is an assembly of two or more divided permanent magnet pieces, and the coercive force near the surface of the magnet piece is higher than that in the interior of the magnet piece.
摘要:
The present invention comprises individual fuel cells 84 disposed within a fuel cell module 2; a reformer 20; a reformer temperature sensor 148 and generating chamber temperature sensor 142 for detecting the reforming state temperature inside the reformer, and a control section 110 for controlling the fuel cell module operation. In a state whereby a stopping of fuel cell module operation has been executed from a high temperature, this control section skips the normal startup ATR and executes a restart control by the SR when the reforming state temperature is within the normal startup ATR temperature band and a restart of operation has been executed.