公开(公告)号：US08278236B2

公开(公告)日：2012-10-02

申请号：US12158843

申请日：2006-11-22

申请人： Marcus Pfeifer ,  Paul Spurk ,  Markus Koegel ,  Egbert S. J. Lox ,  Thomas Kreuzer

发明人： Marcus Pfeifer ,  Paul Spurk ,  Markus Koegel ,  Egbert S. J. Lox ,  Thomas Kreuzer

IPC分类号： B01J21/00 ,  B01J29/00

CPC分类号： B01J37/0215 ,  B01J35/04 ,  B01J35/10 ,  B01J35/1076 ,  C23C18/02 ,  C23C18/08 ,  Y10T428/24157

摘要： The invention relates to a process for coating ceramic honeycomb bodies with a coating suspension containing, in a carrier liquid, catalyst components as solids and/or in dissolved form. The honeycomb bodies have parallel flow channels running through them. The walls of the flow channels generally have an open pore structure. To coat the channel walls and in particular also the interior surfaces of the pores with the coating suspension, it is proposed that the flow channels be temporarily alternately closed and the coating suspension be forced through the open pore structure of the channel walls. The coating is subsequently dried and calcined. To close the flow channels, it is possible to use thermally or chemically decomposable or soluble compositions which are decomposed or dissolved either during calcination or by means of a subsequent chemical treatment. The coated honeycomb bodies are preferably used for the purification of exhaust gases from automobiles.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及涂覆陶瓷蜂窝体的方法，该涂层悬浮液在载体液体中含有作为固体和/或溶解形式的催化剂组分。 蜂窝体具有平行的流动通道。 流动通道的壁通常具有开孔结构。 为了涂覆通道壁，特别是涂覆悬浮液的孔的内表面，建议将流动通道临时交替地封闭，并且将涂覆悬浮液强制通过通道壁的开孔结构。 随后将涂层干燥并煅烧。 为了封闭流动通道，可以使用在煅烧期间或通过随后的化学处理分解或溶解的热或可分解或可溶性组合物。 涂布的蜂窝体优选用于净化汽车废气。

公开(公告)号：US08276438B2

公开(公告)日：2012-10-02

申请号：US12675341

申请日：2008-08-29

申请人： Martin Votsmeier ,  Juergen Gieshoff ,  Thomas Kreuzer

发明人： Martin Votsmeier ,  Juergen Gieshoff ,  Thomas Kreuzer

IPC分类号： G01M15/10

CPC分类号： F01N11/002 ,  F01N11/005 ,  F01N2550/02 ,  Y02T10/47

摘要： The invention describes a method for determining the light-off temperature of a catalytic converter on board a vehicle. The aging condition of the catalytic converter is determined by means of the method. To test the catalytic converter, the latter is loaded for example with a CO/HC test pulse. During the combustion of the additional CO and HC on the catalytic converter, an axial temperature profile is generated. The position of the maximum of said temperature profile along the catalytic converter is dependent on the current light-off temperature. The temperature profile travels through the catalytic converter and can be measured at the outlet of the catalytic converter as a time-dependent profile. The original axial temperature profile can be inferred from the time-dependent profile. Using a calculation program, the current light-off temperature of the catalytic converter on the vehicle can be determined. The method has the advantage that the test can take place at exhaust-gas temperatures considerably higher than the light-off temperature. In this way, it is ensured that the test pulse does not lead to increased pollutant emissions.

摘要翻译： 本发明描述了一种用于确定车辆上的催化转化器的关闭温度的方法。 通过该方法确定催化转化器的老化条件。 为了测试催化转化器，后者例如用CO / HC测试脉冲加载。 在催化转化器附加CO和HC的燃烧过程中，产生轴向温度分布。 沿着催化转化器的最大温度曲线的位置取决于当前的关闭温度。 温度曲线通过催化转化器，并且可以在催化转化器的出口处测量为时间依赖的曲线。 原始轴向温度曲线可以从时间依赖曲线推断。 使用计算程序，可以确定车辆上的催化转化器的当前关闭温度。 该方法具有的优点是，该测试可以在远低于起燃温度的废气温度下进行。 这样就可以确保测试脉冲不会导致污染物排放增加。

公开(公告)号：US07832201B2

公开(公告)日：2010-11-16

申请号：US11722149

申请日：2005-12-24

申请人： Stephan Bremm ,  Christian Manfred Tomanik ,  Ulrich Goebel ,  Wilfried Mueller ,  Thomas Kreuzer

发明人： Stephan Bremm ,  Christian Manfred Tomanik ,  Ulrich Goebel ,  Wilfried Mueller ,  Thomas Kreuzer

IPC分类号： F01N3/00

CPC分类号： F02D41/0275 ,  B01D53/9495 ,  B01D53/96 ,  F01N3/0814 ,  F01N3/0885

摘要： To remove the nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas from lean-burn engines, these engines are equipped with a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst, which has to be regenerated frequently by the engine being briefly switched to rich-burn mode. The regeneration is usually initiated when the nitrogen oxide concentration downstream of the catalyst rises above a permissible value. In this context, there is a risk of the bed temperature of the catalyst during and after regeneration being pushed into a range with incipient thermal desorption of the nitrogen oxides on account of the heat which is released during the conversion of the nitrogen oxides by the reducing constituents of the exhaust gas. This can lead to increased nitrogen oxide emission both during the regeneration itself and after the engine has been switched back to lean-burn mode. To eliminate this problem, it is proposed to divide the rich-burn mode into two rich pulses which follow one another in time, the first rich pulse being of shorter duration than the second rich pulse.

摘要翻译： 为了从贫燃发动机的排气中除去氮氧化物，这些发动机配备有氮氧化物储存催化剂，其必须经过发动机的短时间切换为富燃烧模式而频繁地再生。 当催化剂下游的氮氧化物浓度高于允许值时，通常开始再生。 在这种情况下，存在在再生期间和之后将催化剂的床温度推到具有氮氧化物的初期热解吸的范围内的风险，这是由于在氮氧化物转化期间释放的热量通过还原 排气成分。 这可以导致在再生期间和发动机已经切换回稀燃模式之后氮氧化物排放增加。 为了消除这个问题，提出将富燃烧模式分成时间上相互依赖的两个富脉冲，第一富脉冲的持续时间比第二富脉冲短。

公开(公告)号：US07811969B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-12

申请号：US10535589

申请日：2003-11-04

申请人： Rainer Domesle ,  Thomas Kreuzer ,  Egbert Lox

发明人： Rainer Domesle ,  Thomas Kreuzer ,  Egbert Lox

IPC分类号： B01J21/04

CPC分类号： B01J37/0018 ,  B01J35/0006 ,  B01J35/04 ,  B01J35/06 ,  B01J37/0217 ,  F01N2250/02 ,  F01N2330/10

摘要： The invention relates to a process for the coating of a catalyst support with a catalytically active coat using a coating dispersion, the catalyst support containing at least two partial structures which differ in their absorptivity for the coating dispersion. The process is characterized in that the absorptivity of the partial structures is modified relative to one another by precoating of the catalyst support with a material which can be burnt out or with liquid, and the catalytic coat is then applied to the filter body in a known manner, dried and/or calcined.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种使用涂料分散体涂覆具有催化活性涂层的催化剂载体的方法，所述催化剂载体含有至少两种对于涂料分散体的吸收率不同的部分结构。 该方法的特征在于，部分结构的吸收率相对于彼此通过用可燃烧或用液体的材料预涂覆催化剂载体而改变，然后将催化涂层以已知的方式施加到过滤器体上 方式，干燥和/或煅烧。

公开(公告)号：US20100166628A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-01

申请号：US12301752

申请日：2007-02-15

申请人： Nicola Soeger ,  Wolfgang Schneider ,  Yvonne Demel ,  Lothar Mussmann ,  Ralf Sesselmann ,  Thomas Kreuzer

发明人： Nicola Soeger ,  Wolfgang Schneider ,  Yvonne Demel ,  Lothar Mussmann ,  Ralf Sesselmann ,  Thomas Kreuzer

IPC分类号： B01D53/54 ,  B01J29/88 ,  B01J29/072 ,  B01D50/00

CPC分类号： B01D53/9418 ,  B01D53/945 ,  B01D2255/102 ,  B01D2255/20723 ,  B01D2255/20738 ,  B01D2255/20761 ,  B01D2255/20769 ,  B01D2255/20776 ,  B01D2255/50 ,  B01D2255/9022 ,  B01D2258/012 ,  B01J23/42 ,  B01J29/072 ,  B01J35/0006 ,  B01J35/04 ,  B01J37/0244 ,  Y02T10/22 ,  Y02T10/24

摘要： In exhaust gas purification units for decreasing nitrogen oxides in lean-burn exhaust gas of internal combustion engines by selective catalytic reduction by means of ammonia, introduction of excess ammonia leads to undesirable emissions of unused ammonia. These emissions can be decreased by means of ammonia barrier catalysts. In the ideal case, ammonia is oxidized to nitrogen and water by these catalysts. These require additional space in the exhaust gas purification unit which may have to be taken away from the space provided for the SCR main catalyst. In addition, the use of such ammonia barrier catalysts can result in overoxidation of the ammonia to nitrogen oxides.To overcome these disadvantages, a catalyst containing two superposed layers is proposed for the removal of nitrogen-containing pollutant gases from diesel exhaust gas. The lower layer contains an oxidation catalyst and the upper layer can store at least 20 milliliters of ammonia per gram of catalyst material. This catalyst displays reduced ammonia breakthrough at good SCR conversions in the low-temperature range. It can be used as SCR catalyst having reduced ammonia breakthrough or as ammonia barrier catalyst.

摘要翻译： 在用于通过氨的选择性催化还原来减少内燃机的贫燃废气中的氮氧化物的废气净化单元中，引入过量的氨会导致不期望的未使用的氨的排放。 这些排放物可以通过氨阻隔催化剂降低。 在理想情况下，这些催化剂将氨氧化成氮和水。 这些在废气净化单元中需要额外的空间，其可能必须从为SCR主催化剂提供的空间中取走。 此外，使用这种氨阻挡催化剂可导致氨对氮氧化物的过氧化。 为了克服这些缺点，提出了一种含有两个重叠层的催化剂，用于从柴油机废气中去除含氮污染物。 下层含有氧化催化剂，上层可以存储至少20毫升氨/克催化剂材料。 该催化剂在低温范围内以良好的SCR转化率显示出降低的氨渗透。 它可以用作具有减少的氨穿透或作为氨阻挡催化剂的SCR催化剂。

公开(公告)号：US07735312B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-15

申请号：US10589424

申请日：2005-02-04

申请人： Martin Votsmeier ,  Juliane Kluge ,  Ulrich Goebel ,  Jürgen Gieshoff ,  Thomas Kreuzer

发明人： Martin Votsmeier ,  Juliane Kluge ,  Ulrich Goebel ,  Jürgen Gieshoff ,  Thomas Kreuzer

IPC分类号： F01N3/00

CPC分类号： F01N11/005 ,  B01D53/9495 ,  F01N3/0871 ,  F01N3/0885 ,  F01N2430/06 ,  F01N2550/03 ,  Y02T10/20 ,  Y02T10/47

摘要： When a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst is being regenerated, the regeneration may be terminated for example as a result of a premature load change in the engine, which can lead to incomplete emptying of the storage catalyst. The residual filling level which remains in the catalyst following an incomplete regeneration of this nature is used as the starting value for calculation of the filling level during the next storage phase. After incomplete regeneration, the nitrogen oxide conversion rate is initially greater than would be expected, on account of the residual filling level. By taking this increased conversion rate into account when calculating the filling level during the storage phase, it is possible to further improve the accuracy of the calculation.

摘要翻译： 当再生氮氧化物储存催化剂时，例如由于发动机过早的负荷变化的结果，再生可能终止，这可导致储存催化剂的不完全排空。 在这种性质的不完全再生之后残留在催化剂中的残余填充量被用作在下一个储存阶段期间计算填充量的起始值。 在不完全再生之后，氮氧化物转化率最初大于预期的，因为残留的填充量。 通过在存储阶段计算填充水平时考虑到提高的转换率，可以进一步提高计算的准确性。

公开(公告)号：US07638452B2

公开(公告)日：2009-12-29

申请号：US11995590

申请日：2006-07-15

申请人： Meike Wittrock ,  Ulrich Goebel ,  Thomas Kreuzer ,  Christina Maria Casapu ,  Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt ,  Marek Maciejewski ,  Alfons Baiker

发明人： Meike Wittrock ,  Ulrich Goebel ,  Thomas Kreuzer ,  Christina Maria Casapu ,  Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt ,  Marek Maciejewski ,  Alfons Baiker

IPC分类号： B01J38/06 ,  B01J8/02

CPC分类号： B01J38/06 ,  B01D53/9409 ,  B01J23/002 ,  B01J23/10 ,  B01J23/63 ,  B01J23/92 ,  B01J23/96 ,  B01J2523/00 ,  F01N3/035 ,  F01N3/0814 ,  F01N3/0842 ,  F01N3/0885 ,  F01N3/103 ,  F01N13/02 ,  F01N2430/08 ,  F01N2550/03 ,  F02B29/0437 ,  F02D41/0055 ,  F02D41/0275 ,  Y02A50/2322 ,  Y02T10/22 ,  B01J2523/25 ,  B01J2523/3712 ,  B01J2523/828

摘要： Nitrogen oxide storage catalysts are used for removing the nitrogen oxides present in the lean-burn exhaust gas of lean-burn engines. Here, the purifying action is based on the nitrogen oxides being stored in the form of nitrates by the storage material of the storage catalyst during a lean-burn operating phase of the engine and the previously formed nitrates being decomposed in a subsequent rich-burn operating phase of the engine and the nitrogen oxides which are being liberated again being reacted with the reducing exhaust gas constituents over the storage catalyst to form nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water. Storage catalysts are thermally aged by high temperatures. The aging is due to sintering of the catalytically active noble metal components of the catalyst and to formation of compounds of the storage components with the support materials. According to the invention, the formation of compounds of the storage materials can be largely reversed by treatment of the storage material with a gas mixture comprising nitrogen dioxide and/or carbon dioxide and water vapor at temperatures of from 300 to 500° C. The reactivation can be carried out either directly on the vehicle by setting appropriate exhaust gas conditions or during a routine service by removal of the catalyst from the vehicle and treatment with a gas mixture in an appropriate apparatus.

摘要翻译： 氮氧化物储存催化剂用于除去贫燃发动机的稀燃废气中存在的氮氧化物。 这里，净化作用是基于在发动机的稀薄燃烧操作阶段期间由储存催化剂的储存材料以硝酸盐的形式储存的氮氧化物，并且先前形成的硝酸盐在随后的富燃烧操作中被分解 再次释放的发动机和氮氧化物的相与还原废气成分反应，形成氮气，二氧化碳和水。 储存催化剂通过高温热老化。 老化是由于催化剂的催化活性贵金属组分的烧结以及用载体材料形成储存组分的化合物。 根据本发明，存储材料的化合物的形成可以通过在包含二氧化氮和/或二氧化碳和水蒸汽的气体混合物中在300-500℃的温度下处理储存材料而大大地逆转。再活化 可以直接在车辆上进行，通过设定适当的废气条件或者在例行服务期间通过从车辆中除去催化剂并在合适的装置中用气体混合物进行处理。

公开(公告)号：US20090145112A1

公开(公告)日：2009-06-11

申请号：US11995765

申请日：2006-06-22

申请人： Ulrich Goebel ,  Stephan Bremm ,  Christian Manfred Tomanik ,  Wilfried Mueller ,  Thomas Kreuzer

发明人： Ulrich Goebel ,  Stephan Bremm ,  Christian Manfred Tomanik ,  Wilfried Mueller ,  Thomas Kreuzer

IPC分类号： F01N9/00

CPC分类号： B01D53/9495 ,  B01D53/9431 ,  B01D53/96 ,  F01N3/0807 ,  F01N3/22 ,  F01N3/32 ,  Y02T10/20

摘要： Nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converters for purifying the exhaust gas of lean-burn engines are periodically regenerated by switching the engine from lean-burn mode to rich-burn mode. After regeneration has taken place, the engine is switched back to lean-burn mode. At this time, rich exhaust gas is still flowing in the exhaust line from the engine to the catalytic converter, which rich exhaust gas is ejected via the catalytic converter into the environment by the following, lean exhaust gas. This leads to brief emissions peaks of the rich exhaust gas constituents and impairs the level of exhaust gas cleaning which can be obtained. In order to solve said problem, it is proposed to create oxidizing conditions by injecting air upstream of the storage catalytic converter, so that the rich exhaust gas constituents still flowing in the exhaust line upstream of the storage catalytic converter can be converted at the storage catalytic converter to form non-harmful products. The proposed method can lead to a considerable improvement in exhaust gas purification in particular in the case of catalytic converters which are already impaired in terms of their storage capacity through aging, and which must be regenerated significantly more frequently than fresh catalytic converters.

摘要翻译： 通过将发动机从稀燃模式切换到富燃烧模式，周期性地再生用于净化贫燃发动机废气的氧化氮储存催化转化器。 发生再生后，发动机转回稀燃模式。 此时，排气管道中的废气仍然从发动机流向催化转化器，其中，废气通过下列稀释废气通过催化转化器排放到环境中。 这导致了丰富的废气成分的短暂的排放峰值，并损害了可以获得的废气净化水平。 为了解决上述问题，提出了通过在储存催化转化器的上游喷射空气来产生氧化条件，使得能够在储存催化转化器的上游排出的排气管中仍然流动的富排气成分在储存催化剂 转换器形成无害产品。 所提出的方法可以导致废气净化的显着改进，特别是在催化转化器的情况下，其通过老化而在储存容量方面已经受损，并且必须比新鲜催化转化器显着更频繁地再生。

公开(公告)号：US20090126354A1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-21

申请号：US11722123

申请日：2005-12-17

申请人： Juergen Gieshoff ,  Hartmut Finkbeiner ,  Thomas Kreuzer

发明人： Juergen Gieshoff ,  Hartmut Finkbeiner ,  Thomas Kreuzer

IPC分类号： F01N3/04 ,  F01N3/20

CPC分类号： F01N3/2006 ,  B01D53/9495 ,  F01N3/043 ,  F01N3/2046 ,  F01N2550/02 ,  F01N2550/20 ,  F28F27/02 ,  Y02A50/2322 ,  Y02T10/26

摘要： A stream of exhaust gases from the combustion of hydrocarbon-containing fuels with a variable temperature can be produced by dividing the exhaust gases into two separate part-streams, cooling one part-stream and then combining the two part-streams again. The temperature of the exhaust-gas stream which has been combined again can be set to between the temperature of the combustion of the hydrocarbon-containing fuels and the temperature of the cooled exhaust-gas part-stream by corresponding throttling of the two part-streams before they are brought together again. The exhaust-gas stream produced in this way is preferably used for the defined ageing of automotive exhaust catalysts. In this context, it is particularly advantageous that the change in the temperature of the exhaust-gas stream has no influence on its air/fuel ratio.

摘要翻译： 来自具有可变温度的含烃燃料的燃烧的废气流可以通过将废气分成两个单独的部分流，冷却一部分流，然后再次组合两个部分流来产生。 再次组合的废气流的温度可以通过相应的两部分流的节流来设定在含烃燃料的燃烧温度和冷却的废气部分流的温度之间 在他们再次聚集在一起之前。 以这种方式生产的废气流优选用于汽车尾气催化剂的限定老化。 在这种情况下，排气温度的变化对其空气/燃料比没有影响是特别有利的。

公开(公告)号：US07351677B2

公开(公告)日：2008-04-01

申请号：US10630303

申请日：2003-07-29

申请人： Friedemann Rohr ,  Peter Kattwinkel ,  Stefan D. Peter ,  Thomas Kreuzer ,  Egbert Lox

发明人： Friedemann Rohr ,  Peter Kattwinkel ,  Stefan D. Peter ,  Thomas Kreuzer ,  Egbert Lox

IPC分类号： B01J20/34

CPC分类号： F02D41/0275 ,  B01D53/9495 ,  B01D53/96 ,  F01N3/0885 ,  F01N2430/06 ,  F01N2560/026 ,  Y02T10/20

摘要： The present invention provides a process and a device for regeneration of a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst in the exhaust system of a diesel engine. The process comprises a first and a second regeneration strategy. The first regeneration strategy is applied when the exhaust gas temperature is above a threshold value and comprises changing the air/fuel-ratio from a lean to a rich value during a first regeneration period. The second regeneration strategy is applied when the exhaust gas temperature is below a threshold value and comprises switching the air/fuel-ratio back and forth between lean and rich air/fuel-ratios, forming a sequence of between 2 and 10 rich pulses and between 2 and 10 lean pulses during a second regeneration period.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种用于在柴油发动机的排气系统中再生氮氧化物存储催化剂的方法和装置。 该方法包括第一和第二再生策略。 当废气温度高于阈值时，应用第一再生策略，并且包括在第一再生期间将空气/燃料比从贫值改变为浓值。 当废气温度低于阈值时，应用第二再生策略，并且包括在稀空燃比之间来回切换空燃比，形成富二脉冲之间的序列，介于 在第二再生期间的2和10个贫脉冲。