摘要:
A water based drilling fluid for use in drilling a subterranean well through a subterranean formation that swells in the presence of water, the drilling fluid is formulated to include: an aqueous based continuous phase; a weight material; an optional shale hydration inhibition agent and a shale encapsulator. The shale encapsulator is preferably a quaternized polyvinyl alcohol having the formula (I) in which x and y have a value so that the molecular weight of the cation is in the range of about 10,000 to about 200,000 AMU; A is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 ether or C2-C6 amide; R, R′ and R″ are independently selectable C1-C3 alkyl; and B is a charge balancing anion to the quarternary amine. The shale hydration inhibition agent and the shale encapsulator may be present in sufficient concentrations to reduce the swelling of the subterranean formation in the presence of water. Conventional additives may be included into the formulation of the drilling fluid, such conventional additives may include: fluid loss control agents, alkaline reserve and other pH control agents, bridging agents, lubricants, anti-bit balling agents, corrosion inhibition agents, surfactants and solids suspending agents as well as mixtures and combination of these and similar compounds that should be known to one of skill in the art.
摘要:
An output driver having electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection is disclosed. The output driver includes a first gain transistor, a second gain transistor, a capacitor and a resistor. The first gain transistor provides a first stage gain, and the second gain transistor provides a second stage gain. The capacitor, which is connected to the first and second gain transistors, provides a compensation function between the first and second gain transistors during normal operations. In response to an occurrence of an ESD event at the output of the output driver, the capacitor turns on the second gain transistor The resistor, which is also connected to the first and second gain transistors, returns the second gain transistor to normal operations after the occurrence of an ESD event.
摘要:
A stone detection system of a harvester that automatically changes its sensitivity to signals from a stone sensor in response to the type of harvesting equipment connected to the harvester is provided. The stone detection system generally includes a stone sensor, a header sensor and a microprocessor. The stone sensor is configured to generate a signal indicative of the presence of a stone in the crop harvesting system. The header sensor is disposed on the crop harvesting system to sense the header type and to generate a signal indicating the header type. The microprocessor is coupled to the stone sensor and the header sensor to process the stone sensor signal based at least in part upon the header sensor signal.
摘要:
An apparatus for determining a threshold value (e.g., a threshold cycle number or a time value) in a nucleic acid amplification reaction comprises a detection mechanism for measuring, at a plurality of different times during the amplification reaction, at least one signal whose intensity is related to the quantity of a nucleic acid sequence being amplified in the reaction. A controller in communication with the detection mechanism is programmed to store signal values defining a growth curve for the nucleic acid sequence, determine a derivative of the growth curve, and calculate a cycle number or time value associated with a characteristic of the derivative.
摘要:
Described are arithmetic circuits divided logically into a product generator and an adder. Multiplexing circuitry logically disposed between the product generator and the adder supports conventional functionality by providing partial products from the product generator to addend terminals of the adder. The multiplexing circuitry can also be controlled to direct a number of external added inputs to the adder. The additional addend inputs can include inputs and outputs cascaded from other arithmetic circuits.
摘要:
In one embodiment an IC is disclosed which includes a plurality of cascaded digital signal processing slices, wherein each slice has a multiplier coupled to an adder via a multiplexer and each slice has a direct connection to an adjoining slice; and means for configuring the plurality of digital signal processing slices to perform one or more mathematical operations, via, for example, opmodes. This IC allows for the implementation of some basic math functions, such as add, subtract, multiply and divide. Many other applications may be implemented using the one or more DSP slices, for example, accumulate, multiply accumulate (MACC), a wide multiplexer, barrel shifter, counter, and folded, decimating, and interpolating FIRs to name a few.
摘要:
Described are mathematical circuits that perform flexible rounding schemes. The circuits require few additional resources and can be adjusted dynamically to change the number of bits involved in the rounding. In one embodiment, a DSP circuit stores a rounding constant selected from the group of binary numbers 2(M−1) and 2(M−1)−1, calculates a correction factor, and sums the rounding constant, the correction factor, and a data item to obtain a rounded data item.
摘要:
Described is a programmable logic device (PLD) with columns of DSP slices that can be combined to create DSP circuits of varying size and complexity. DSP slices in accordance with some embodiments includes programmable operand input registers that can be configured to introduce different amounts of delay, from zero to two clock cycles, for example, to support pipelining. In one such embodiment, each DSP slice includes a partial-product generator having a multiplier port, a multiplicand port, and a product port. The multiplier and multiplicand ports connect to the operand input port via respective first and second operand input registers, each of which is capable of introducing from zero to two clock cycles of delay. In another embodiment, the output of at least one operand input register can connect to the input of an operand input register of a downstream DSP slice so that operands can be transferred among one or more slices.
摘要:
An integrated circuit (IC) is disclosed having circuitry arranged in a plurality of columns. A column in the IC is essentially a series of aligned circuit elements of the same type that extends from a first edge of the IC to a second edge. In addition there may be a center column having circuit elements of different types.
摘要:
Two hybridomas that produce receptors containing antibody combining sites that immunoreact with apolipoprotein B-100 are disclosed as are uses for the receptors, compositions and diagnostic systems that include the receptors.