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公开(公告)号：US10153059B2
公开(公告)日：2018-12-11
申请号：US14379950
申请日：2013-02-25
发明人： Seth J. Putterman , Jonathan Hird , Brian Naranjo
摘要： A charged particle acceleration device according to some embodiments of the current invention includes a first triboelectric element, a second triboelectric element arranged proximate the first triboelectric element to be brought into contact with and separated from the first triboelectric element, an actuator assembly operatively connected to at least one of the first and second triboelectric elements to bring the first and second triboelectric elements into contact with each other and to separate the first and second triboelectric elements from each other, and a charged-particle source configured to provide charged particles in a gap between the first and second triboelectric elements.
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公开(公告)号：US09165692B2
公开(公告)日：2015-10-20
申请号：US14243683
申请日：2014-04-02
发明人： Paul T. Finger , Toby Welles
IPC分类号： G21H1/00 , G21H3/00 , G21H5/00 , G21G4/06 , G21G4/00 , A61N5/10 , G21G4/08 , G21F3/00 , G21F5/015
CPC分类号： G21G4/06 , A61N5/10 , A61N5/1001 , A61N5/1028 , A61N2005/1019 , A61N2005/1094 , G21F3/00 , G21F5/015 , G21G4/00 , G21G4/08
摘要： A glass radiation-source with customized geometries to maximize receipt of radiation into treatment areas that is formed from either neutron-activated glass, radioisotopes molecularly bonded to glass, or radioisotopes encased within glass.
摘要翻译： 具有定制几何形状的玻璃辐射源，以最大限度地将辐射接收到由中子活化玻璃，分子结合到玻璃上的放射性同位素或包含在玻璃内的放射性同位素形成的处理区域中。
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公开(公告)号：US08699667B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-15
申请号：US12640323
申请日：2009-12-17
CPC分类号： H01J35/108 , C23C26/02 , H01J35/08 , H01J35/10 , H01J37/305 , H01J2235/081 , H01J2235/083 , H01J2235/085 , H01J2235/088
摘要： A system for applying a target track material to an x-ray tube target includes a controller configured to direct a beam of energy toward an x-ray tube target, and direct a solid stock material toward the beam of energy to cause the solid stock material to melt and deposit as a melted material on the x-ray tube target.
摘要翻译： 用于将目标轨道材料施加到X射线管靶的系统包括：控制器，其被配置为将能量束引向X射线管靶，并将固体原料朝向能量束引导以使固体原料 以熔融材料的形式熔化和沉积在X射线管靶上。
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公开(公告)号：US08651701B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-18
申请号：US12640587
申请日：2009-12-17
申请人： Yukio Yasuda , Taku Sumitomo , Masaki Kato
发明人： Yukio Yasuda , Taku Sumitomo , Masaki Kato
CPC分类号： H01J65/042 , H01J61/025 , H01J61/54
摘要： A light source device that irradiates a discharge vessel with a laser beam to produce radiant light that is reflected by an ellipsoidal reflecting surface efficiently utilizes the light produced by directing the laser beam through an unirradiated region where reflected light from the ellipsoidal reflector is blocked by the discharge vessel, through an opening side of the ellipsoidal reflector to the discharge vessel. The discharge vessel has an emission substance enclosed inside which is excited by the laser beam and produces radiant light, is arranged at a focal point of the ellipsoidal reflector. A planar mirror, with which radiant light reflected by the ellipsoidal reflector is reflected in a different direction has a window in an unirradiated region where reflected light from the ellipsoidal reflector is blocked by the discharge vessel through which the laser beam passes to the discharge vessel.
摘要翻译： 用激光束照射放电容器以产生由椭圆反射面反射的辐射光的光源装置有效地利用通过将激光束引导通过未照射区域而产生的光，其中来自椭圆反射体的反射光被 放电容器，通过椭圆反射器的开口侧到放电容器。 放电容器具有封闭在激光束内并产生辐射光的发射物质，布置在椭圆反射体的焦点处。 由椭圆反射体反射的辐射光以不同方向反射的平面镜具有在未照射区域中的窗口，其中来自椭圆形反射体的反射光被激光束通过该放电容器的放电容器阻挡。
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公开(公告)号：US08506911B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-13
申请号：US12511341
申请日：2009-07-29
申请人： Chuck Z. Soderquist , Amanda M. Johnsen , Bruce K. McNamara , Brady D. Hanson , Steven C. Smith , Shane M. Peper
发明人： Chuck Z. Soderquist , Amanda M. Johnsen , Bruce K. McNamara , Brady D. Hanson , Steven C. Smith , Shane M. Peper
CPC分类号： G21C19/46 , G21C19/48 , Y02W30/884
摘要： Compositions are provided that include nuclear fuel. Methods for treating nuclear fuel are provided which can include exposing the fuel to a carbonate-peroxide solution. Methods can also include exposing the fuel to an ammonium solution. Methods for acquiring molybdenum from a uranium comprising material are provided.
摘要翻译： 提供包括核燃料的组合。 提供了用于处理核燃料的方法，其可以包括将燃料暴露于碳酸过氧化物溶液中。 方法还可以包括将燃料暴露于铵溶液中。 提供了从包含铀的材料中获取钼的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US08433039B1
公开(公告)日：2013-04-30
申请号：US12773005
申请日：2010-05-03
申请人： Nathaniel Tue Tran
发明人： Nathaniel Tue Tran
IPC分类号： G21G4/00
摘要： This invention teaches a method of performing gamma-ray microscopy and how to build a gamma-ray microscope. While the beam of gamma rays can not be manipulated like a beam of light or a beam of electrons, magnification is possible using a single-point source of gamma radiation. With this design, gamma rays originate from a tiny point in space and radiate outward as they travel away from the source. This results in magnification when a sample is placed between this single-point source and a detector array. The magnification factor is equal to the source-to-detector distance divided by the source-to-sample distance. A single-point source of gamma rays can be made by crossing a beam of positrons with a beam of electrons. The finer and more focused these beams are, the smaller the single-point source can be, and the higher the resolution can be. Methods of making and focusing electron beams are known in the art of making electron microscopy. These methods can be adapted to accelerate and focus positrons into a fine beam. Positrons can be harvested from radioactive isotopes that emit positrons and trapped by electric fields and magnetic fields for use when necessary. Mini versions of particle accelerator can trap positrons in an orbit for regulated or pulsed beam of positrons to be generated.
摘要翻译： 本发明教导了一种执行伽马射线显微镜的方法以及如何构建伽马射线显微镜。 虽然伽马射线束不能像光束或电子束一样被操纵，但是可以使用单点伽马射线源进行放大。 通过这种设计，伽马射线起源于太空中的一个微小点，并且在远离光源时向外辐射。 当样品放置在该单点源和检测器阵列之间时，这导致放大。 放大系数等于源到检测器的距离除以源到样本的距离。 可以通过将正电子束与电子束交叉来形成单点γ射线源。 这些光束越精细，越集中，单点光源可以越小，分辨率越高。 制造和聚焦电子束的方法在制造电子显微镜技术中是已知的。 这些方法可以适应于加速和将正电子聚焦成精细光束。 正电子可以从发射正电子的放射性同位素中收集，并在必要时被电场和磁场捕获。 微型加速器的微型版本可以将正电子俘获在轨道中，以产生用于调节或脉冲的正电子束。
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77.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08416391B2
公开(公告)日：2013-04-09
申请号：US12809427
申请日：2008-12-19
摘要： A radiation source is configured to generate radiation. The radiation source includes a first electrode and a second electrode configured to produce an electrical discharge during use to generate radiation-emitting plasma from a plasma fuel. The radiation source also includes a fuel supply configured to supply a plasma fuel to a fuel release area that is associated with the first electrode and the second electrode, and a fuel release configured to induce release of fuel, supplied by the fuel supply, from the fuel release area. The fuel release area is spaced-apart from the first electrode and from the second electrode.
摘要翻译： 辐射源被配置成产生辐射。 辐射源包括第一电极和第二电极，其被配置为在使用期间产生放电以从等离子体燃料产生辐射发射等离子体。 辐射源还包括配置成将等离子体燃料供应到与第一电极和第二电极相关联的燃料释放区域的燃料供应，以及燃料释放装置，其被配置为引起由燃料供应源供应的燃料的释放 燃油释放区。 燃料释放区域与第一电极和第二电极间隔开。
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公开(公告)号：US08399862B2
公开(公告)日：2013-03-19
申请号：US12521019
申请日：2007-12-20
CPC分类号： H01L21/265 , H01J37/3222 , H01J37/32412 , H01J37/32706 , H01J2237/20 , H01J2237/26 , H01L21/26513 , H01L21/2658 , H01L29/30 , H01L29/7833
摘要： When positively charged ions are implanted into a target substrate, charge-up damage may occur on the target substrate. In order to suppress charge-up caused by secondary electrons emitted from the target substrate when positively charged ions are implanted, a conductive member is installed at a position facing the target substrate and electrically grounded with respect to a high frequency. Further, a field intensity generated in the target substrate may be reduced by controlling an RF power applied to the target substrate in pulse mode.
摘要翻译： 当将带正电荷的离子注入目标衬底时，目标衬底上可能会发生充电损伤。 为了抑制当注入正电荷的离子时从目标衬底发射的二次电子引起的充电，导电构件安装在面向目标衬底并相对于高频电接地的位置。 此外，可以通过以脉冲模式控制施加到目标衬底的RF功率来减小在目标衬底中产生的场强。
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公开(公告)号：US20120228523A1
公开(公告)日：2012-09-13
申请号：US13508840
申请日：2009-11-09
CPC分类号： H05G2/001
摘要： The invention provides targets coated with structured biological materials, which are employed in laser produced plasma systems. The biological materials selected from cells of microbial, protozoan or plankton origin are applied on a portion of a solid target, like polished glass plate which then form a target system that absorbs the intense laser pulses, generates hot dense plasma and results in the emission of the X-rays. The method of coating structured biomaterial decreases the usable laser intensity required for producing the hot plasma, while increasing the X-ray yield. The coatings are easy to prepare and it is possible to vary the nature and shape of the cellular material in order to control/regulate the interaction with the light and thereby optimize the resultant plasma generation and X-ray emission. The increase in temperature of the plasma and the increase in yield demonstrate that the method is suitable for enhancing the emission yield in the Ultra Violet, Extreme Ultra violet, x-ray and the hard x-ray regimes.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供涂覆有结构化生物材料的靶，其用于激光制备的等离子体系统中。 从微生物，原生动物或浮游生物来源的细胞中选出的生物材料应用于固体靶的一部分，如抛光玻璃板，然后形成吸收强激光脉冲的目标系统，产生热致密的等离子体，并导致发射 X光片。 涂覆结构化生物材料的方法降低了生产热等离子体所需的可用激光强度，同时提高了X射线产率。 涂层易于制备，并且可以改变多孔材料的性质和形状，以便控制/调节与光的相互作用，从而优化所得的等离子体产生和X射线发射。 等离子体的温度升高和产量的增加表明，该方法适用于提高超紫，极紫外，X射线和硬x射线体系中的发射产率。
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公开(公告)号：US08088312B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-03
申请号：US13056225
申请日：2009-07-23
申请人： Eric Hanus , Olivier Fiquet , Nicolas Tarisien
发明人： Eric Hanus , Olivier Fiquet , Nicolas Tarisien
IPC分类号： C09K11/04 , G21G4/00 , C01G43/025
摘要： Method for removing the epoxy and/or phenolic polymer encapsulating a nuclear fuel pellet comprising uranium dioxide UO2, the method comprising the following successive steps: a) the polymer is pyrolysed in a reducing atmosphere; and b) the carbon residues obtained after the pyrolysis step (a) are selectively oxidized, the oxidation being carried out at temperature above 1000° C. in an atmosphere comprising carbon dioxide CO2. Such a method makes it possible to remove the epoxy and/or phenolic polymer encapsulating the pellet while avoiding or limiting the risk of radiological contamination by the formation of U3O8.
摘要翻译： 用于除去包封二氧化铀UO2的核燃料颗粒的环氧树脂和/或酚醛聚合物的方法，该方法包括以下连续步骤：a）聚合物在还原气氛中热解; 和b）在热解步骤（a）之后获得的碳残余物被选择性氧化，氧化在包括二氧化碳CO 2的气氛中在高于1000℃的温度下进行。 这种方法使得可以除去包封颗粒的环氧树脂和/或酚醛聚合物，同时避免或限制形成U3O8的放射性污染的风险。
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