公开(公告)号：US08082024B2

公开(公告)日：2011-12-20

申请号：US11037961

申请日：2005-01-18

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Alvin Katz ,  Scott Alfano

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Alvin Katz ,  Scott Alfano

IPC: A61B6/00

CPC classification number: A61B1/043 ,  A61B1/041 ,  A61B1/0638 ,  A61B1/0684 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0084

Abstract: An apparatus and method for medical practitioners to detect the presence of abnormal cells including cancerous and pre-cancerous cells by using a transport capsule containing an imaging apparatus including UV sources and fluorescence detectors for obtaining images and fluorescence data of biological cells and tissue. The method includes the steps of scanning biological tissue using an ultra-violet (UV) source to obtain fluorescence data, transferring fluorescence data and/or images using a radio frequency (RF) or other suitable means to a personal computer (PC) system, analyzing the image and/or fluorescence data in the PC, identifying -tissues with precancerous and cancerous cells, and optionally determining their precise location, and assessing the accuracy of the calculated fluoroscopic images.

Abstract translation: 一种用于医学实验者通过使用包含用于获得生物细胞和组织的图像和荧光数据的UV源和荧光检测器的成像装置的运输胶囊来检测包括癌性和癌前细胞的异常细胞的存在的装置和方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：使用紫外线（UV）源扫描生物组织以获得荧光数据，使用射频（RF）或其他合适方式将荧光数据和/或图像转移到个人计算机（PC）系统， 分析PC中的图像和/或荧光数据，识别具有癌前和癌细胞的组织，并且可选地确定其精确位置，以及评估所计算的荧光透视图像的准确度。

公开(公告)号：US20110206078A1

公开(公告)日：2011-08-25

申请号：US13026869

申请日：2011-02-14

Applicant: Robert R. ALFANO ,  Alexei Bykov ,  Mikhail Sharonov

Inventor： Robert R. ALFANO ,  Alexei Bykov ,  Mikhail Sharonov

IPC: H01S3/17 ,  C03C3/00 ,  C03C3/04 ,  C03C3/253 ,  C03C3/16

CPC classification number: C03C4/0071 ,  C03C1/026 ,  C03C3/00 ,  H01S3/06716 ,  H01S3/06741 ,  H01S3/1601 ,  H01S3/17

Abstract: A glass composition for use as a laser medium, a method for producing the glass composition, and a laser apparatus including the glass composition are provided. The glass composition includes a host glass; a 3p component having a concentration of about 5 mole percent to about 10 mole percent; and at least one of a 6p component having a concentration of about 1 mole percent to about 5 mole percent and a 5p component having a concentration of about 1 mole percent to about 5 mole percent.

Abstract translation: 提供了用作激光介质的玻璃组合物，玻璃组合物的制造方法和包括该玻璃组合物的激光设备。 玻璃组合物包括主体玻璃; 具有约5摩尔％至约10摩尔％浓度的3p组分; 以及浓度为约1摩尔％至约5摩尔％的6p成分中的至少一种和浓度为约1摩尔％至约5摩尔％的5p成分。

公开(公告)号：US20100142890A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-10

申请号：US12498591

申请日：2009-07-07

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Xin Chen ,  Joohyun Koh ,  Ming-Jun Li ,  Daniel Aloysius Nolan ,  Henry Sztul

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Xin Chen ,  Joohyun Koh ,  Ming-Jun Li ,  Daniel Aloysius Nolan ,  Henry Sztul

IPC: G02B6/26

CPC classification number: G02B6/024 ,  C03B2203/10 ,  C03B2203/19 ,  C03B2203/32 ,  C03B2205/06 ,  G02B6/14

Abstract: Generation of a cylindrically polarized light beam, and in particular, a hybrid-azimuthal-radial polarization beams, called HARP modes, generated from an input linearly polarized Gaussian beam using a spun optical waveguide device is taught. The HARP modes are comprised of hybrid-azimuthal polarization (HAP) and hybrid-radial polarization (HRP) superposition modes. These beams possess a non-zero local angular momentum density that is spatially varying and a zero total angular momentum.

Abstract translation: 教导了使用旋转光波导装置从输入线性偏振高斯光束产生的圆柱形偏振光束，特别是称为HARP模式的混合方位角 - 径向偏振光束。 HARP模式由混合方位极化（HAP）和混合径向极化（HRP）叠加模式组成。 这些光束具有非零局部角动量密度，其空间变化和零总角动量。

公开(公告)号：US07515265B2

公开(公告)日：2009-04-07

申请号：US11414738

申请日：2006-04-27

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Xiaohui Ni

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Xiaohui Ni

IPC: G01J4/00 ,  G01N33/48

CPC classification number: G01N21/21 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/02007 ,  A61B5/6852 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  G01N2021/216

Abstract: An optical technique to improve the imaging of a target inside suspensions of scattering particles includes the illumination of the scattering particles with circularly polarized light. The backscattered light from the host medium preserves the helicity of incident light, while the backscattered light reflected from the target is predominated with light of opposite helicity. Based on the observed helicity difference in the emerging light that originated at the target and that backscattered from the medium, the present optical technique improves the image contrast using circular polarization. This approach makes use of polarization memory which leads to the reflected light from the target accompanied by weak diffusive backscattered light. Using the present technique, improved imaging of the artery wall is achieved and plaque composition can be assessed through a blood field associated with the artery. The scattering from the particles, such as red blood cells, in the blood is reduced due to polarization memory. The present invention can be also applied to other biomedical application, as well as image targets through adverse environmental conditions, such as fog, clouds, smoke, murky water, etc.

Abstract translation: 用于改善散射颗粒悬浮液内的靶的成像的光学技术包括用圆偏振光照射散射颗粒。 来自主介质的反向散射光保留入射光的螺旋度，而从目标反射的背散射光以相反的螺旋度的光占优势。 基于在目标出现的光中观察到的螺旋度差异和从介质反向散射的现有光学技术使用圆偏振改善了图像对比度。 这种方法利用偏振存储器，其导致来自目标的反射光伴随着弱漫反射散射光。 使用本技术，实现了动脉壁的改进的成像，并且可以通过与动脉相关联的血液来评估斑块组成。 由于极化记忆，血液中的颗粒如红细胞的散射减少。 本发明还可以应用于其他生物医学应用，以及通过不利的环境条件（如雾，云，烟雾，阴暗水等）的图像目标。

公开(公告)号：US07359415B1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-15

申请号：US11338478

申请日：2006-01-24

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Vladimir Petricevic ,  Alexey Bykov

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Vladimir Petricevic ,  Alexey Bykov

IPC: H01S3/14

CPC classification number: H01S3/0627 ,  C30B19/02 ,  C30B29/34 ,  H01S3/0405 ,  H01S3/0604 ,  H01S3/063 ,  H01S3/09415 ,  H01S3/1623 ,  H01S3/1655 ,  H01S3/1658 ,  H01S3/1675

Abstract: A laser medium includes a single crystal of Cr4+:Mg2-xMxSi1-yAyO4, where, where M is a bivalent ion having an ionic radius larger than Mg2+, and A is a tetravalent ion having an ionic radius larger than Si4+. In addition, either a) 0≦x

Abstract translation: 激光介质包括Cr 4+的单晶：Mg 2-x M x Si 1-y O 2， 其中，M是离子半径大于Mg 2 +的二价离子，A是四价离子 具有大于Si 4+的离子半径。 另外，a）0 <= x <2且0

公开(公告)号：US20080083905A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-10

申请号：US11338478

申请日：2006-01-24

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Vladimir Petricevic ,  Alexey Bykov

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Vladimir Petricevic ,  Alexey Bykov

IPC: H01S3/16 ,  H01S3/091 ,  C09K11/77

CPC classification number: H01S3/0627 ,  C30B19/02 ,  C30B29/34 ,  H01S3/0405 ,  H01S3/0604 ,  H01S3/063 ,  H01S3/09415 ,  H01S3/1623 ,  H01S3/1655 ,  H01S3/1658 ,  H01S3/1675

Abstract: A laser medium includes a single crystal of Cr4+:Mg2-xMxSi1-yAyO4, where, where M is a bivalent ion having an ionic radius larger than Mg2+, and A is a tetravalent ion having an ionic radius larger than Si4+. In addition, either a) 0≦x

Abstract translation: 激光介质包括Cr 4+的单晶：Mg 2-x M x Si 1-y O 2， 其中，M是离子半径大于Mg 2 +的二价离子，A是四价离子 具有大于Si 4+的离子半径。 另外，a）0 <= x <2且0

公开(公告)号：US07033348B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-25

申请号：US10119914

申请日：2002-04-10

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Jing Tang ,  Jonathan M. Evans ,  Peng Pei Ho

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Jing Tang ,  Jonathan M. Evans ,  Peng Pei Ho

IPC: A61B18/18

CPC classification number: A61B17/00491 ,  A61B17/0057 ,  A61B2017/00004 ,  A61B2017/00517 ,  A61B2017/00641 ,  A61B2017/0065

Abstract: Laser tissue welding can be achieved using tunable Cr4+ lasers, semiconductor lasers and fiber lasers, where the weld strength follows the absorption spectrum of water. The use of gelatin and esterified gelatin as solders in conjunction with laser inducted tissue welding impart much stronger tensile and torque strengths than albumin solders. Selected NIR wavelength from the above lasers can improve welding and avoid thermal injury to tissue when used alone or with gelatin and esterified gelatin solders. These discoveries can be used to enhance laser tissue welding of tissues such as skin, mucous, bone, blood vessel, nerve, brain, liver, pancreas, spleen, kidney, lung, bronchus, respiratory track, urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, or gynecologic tract and as a sealant for pulmonary air leaks and fistulas such as intestinal, rectal and urinary fistulas.

Abstract translation: 可以使用可调谐的Cr 4+激光器，半导体激光器和光纤激光器实现激光组织焊接，其中焊接强度遵循水的吸收光谱。 使用明胶和酯化明胶作为焊料与激光诱导组织焊接相结合赋予比白蛋白焊料更强的拉伸和扭矩强度。 来自上述激光器的选择的近红外波长可以改善焊接，并避免单独使用或与明胶和酯化明胶焊料一起使用时对组织的热损伤。 这些发现可用于增强组织如皮肤，粘液，骨骼，血管，神经，脑，肝脏，胰腺，脾脏，肾脏，肺，支气管，呼吸道，尿道，胃肠道或妇科组织的激光组织焊接 作为肺气体泄漏和瘘管如肠，直肠和尿瘘的密封剂。

公开(公告)号：US06437867B2

公开(公告)日：2002-08-20

申请号：US09772340

申请日：2001-01-29

Applicant: Iosif Zeylikovich ,  Robert R. Alfano

Inventor： Iosif Zeylikovich ,  Robert R. Alfano

IPC: G01B902

CPC classification number: A61B5/4872 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0068 ,  A61B5/0073 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  G01B9/02007 ,  G01B9/02014 ,  G01B9/0209 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01B11/00 ,  G01B11/06 ,  G01B11/303 ,  G01N21/4795

Abstract: A system and method for performing selected optical measurements on a sample is provided utilizing an optical coherence domain reflectometer which includes a diffraction grating. A broad band light source produces light having a short coherence length. A beamsplitter splits the light into a signal beam and a reference beam. A reference mirror is disposed to receive the reference beam. A lens brings the signal beam to focus on the sample. A diffraction grating receives reflections from the sample and from the reference mirror, the reflections being incident on the diffraction grating with respect to said diffraction grating normal such that a positive diffraction order from one of the reflections and a negative diffraction order from the other one of the reflections and a negative diffraction order from the other one of the reflections propagate along a common path. A lens collects the diffracted order from the diffraction grating directed along the common path and brings the diffracted orders to focus on a detector, the detector producing an output of said positive and negative diffracted orders received. A computer processes the output from the detector. In other versions of the invention, reflections from the sample are not directed onto the diffraction grating but instead are combined with a diffracted order from reflections from the reference mirror.

Abstract translation: 使用包括衍射光栅的光学相干域反射计提供用于对样本进行选择的光学测量的系统和方法。 宽带光源产生具有短相干长度的光。 分束器将光分解成信号光束和参考光束。 配置参考镜以接收参考光束。 透镜使信号光束聚焦在样品上。 衍射光栅从样品和参考反射镜接收反射，反射相对于所述衍射光栅法线入射在衍射光栅上，使得来自反射之一的正衍射级和来自另一个的反射衍射级 来自另一个反射的反射和负衍射级沿着公共路径传播。 透镜从沿着公共路径引导的衍射光栅收集衍射顺序，并将衍射次序聚焦在检测器上，检测器产生接收到的所述正和负衍射级的输出。 计算机处理来自检测器的输出。 在本发明的其他形式中，来自样品的反射不指向衍射光栅，而是与来自参考反射镜的反射的衍射顺序组合。

公开(公告)号：US06215587B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-10

申请号：US08659615

申请日：1996-06-06

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Gordon E. Anderson ,  Feng Liu

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Gordon E. Anderson ,  Feng Liu

IPC: G02B2100

CPC classification number: G02B21/0072 ,  G02B21/00 ,  G02B21/0084 ,  G02B21/06

Abstract: A method and system for imaging a small object in or behind a highly scattering medium comprises a laser source for illuminating the object with an ultrashort collimated beam of light and a novel microscope for forming a magnified image of the object using light emergent from the highly scattering medium, the emergent light consisting of a scattered component and a non-scattered component. The novel microscope comprises an objective, an eyepiece and an aperture centered at the back focal plane of the objective. The aperture, which may be of a fixed or variable size and controlled electronically or by a computer serves to spatially filter the scattered light component of the light emergent from the highly scattering medium. The system may also comprise a streak camera or similar time resolving device positioned at the image plane of the microscope for temporally filtering the scattered light component of the light emergent from the highly scattering medium.

Abstract translation: 用于对高散射介质中或其后面的小物体进行成像的方法和系统包括用于以超短准直光束照射物体的激光源和用于使用来自高散射的光的光形成物体的放大图像的新型显微镜 介质，由散射组分和非分散组分组成的出射光。 该新型显微镜包括物镜，目镜和以物镜的后焦平面为中心的光圈。 可以具有固定或可变尺寸并且由电子控制或通过计算机控制的孔用于空间地过滤来自高度散射介质的出射光的散射光分量。 系统还可以包括位于显微镜的图像平面上的条纹相机或类似的时间分辨装置，用于对来自高度散射介质的出射光的散射光分量进行时间过滤。

公开(公告)号：US6108576A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-22

申请号：US797163

申请日：1997-02-10

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Wei Cai ,  Swapan K. Gayen

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Wei Cai ,  Swapan K. Gayen

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  G01N21/47 ,  A61B6/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/0073 ,  A61B5/7257 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  A61B5/0091

Abstract: A method for imaging objects in highly scattering turbid media. According to one embodiment of the invention, the method involves using a plurality of intersecting source/detectors sets and time-resolving equipment to generate a plurality of time-resolved intensity curves for the diffusive component of light emergent from the medium. For each of the curves, the intensities at a plurality of times are then inputted into the following inverse reconstruction algorithm to form an image of the medium: wherein W is a matrix relating output at source and detector positions r.sub.s and r.sub.d, at time t, to position r, .LAMBDA. is a regularization matrix, chosen for convenience to be diagonal, but selected in a way related to the ratio of the noise, to fluctuations in the absorption (or diffusion) X.sub.j that we are trying to determine:.LAMBDA..sub.ij =.lambda..sub.j .delta..sub.ij with .lambda..sub.j = / Y is the data collected at the detectors, and X.sup.k is the kth iterate toward the desired absorption information. An algorithm, which combines a two dimensional (2D) matrix inversion with a one-dimensional (1D) Fourier transform inversion is used to obtain images of three dimensional hidden objects in turbid scattering media.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在高散射混浊介质中成像物体的方法。 根据本发明的一个实施例，该方法包括使用多个相交的源/检测器组和时间分辨设备来产生用于从介质出射的光的漫射分量的多个时间分辨强度曲线。 对于每个曲线，多个时间的强度然后被输入到以下逆重建算法中以形成介质的图像：其中W是在时间t处将源的输出和检测器位置rs和rd相关联的矩阵， 为了定位r，LAMBDA是一个正则化矩阵，为方便起见选择为对角线，但以与噪声的比值与我们试图确定的吸收（或扩散）Xj的波动相关的方式进行选择： LAMBDA ij = lambda j delta ij，其中λj = / Y是在检测器处收集的数据，Xk是朝向期望的吸收信息的第k次迭代。 将二维（2D）矩阵求逆与一维（1D）傅里叶变换反演相结合的算法用于获取浑浊散射介质中三维隐藏物体的图像。