摘要:
An organic light emitting display apparatus includes a substrate on which a display area and a non-display area are defined, a first electrode on the substrate, an intermediate layer on the first electrode, the intermediate layer includes an organic emission layer, a second electrode on the intermediate layer, a plurality of pad units on the non-display area, and an insulating layer on the pad units. The insulating layer includes contact holes overlapping upper surfaces of the pad units and grooves adjacent to the contact holes.
摘要:
In a metal wiring, a method of forming the metal wiring, a display substrate having the metal wiring and a method of manufacturing the display substrate, the metal wiring includes a metal film and a first amorphous carbon film. The metal film is formed on a base substrate using a copper-containing material, and the first amorphous carbon film is formed beneath the metal film. A process for forming the metal wiring including the amorphous carbon film may be greatly simplified, and generation of defects in the metal wiring may be prevented or reduced.
摘要:
A drum washing machine, in which scale deposited in a steam generating device installed for improving sterilizing and washing capacities is efficiently eliminated. The drum washing machine includes a housing; a tub for containing washing water; a drum rotatably installed in the tub; and a steam generating device installed in the housing for supplying steam for sterilizing laundry to the drum, wherein a scale eliminating unit is installed in a water supply channel of the steam generating device, and includes at least one protrusion formed on the inner circumferential surface of the water supply channel or a water supply valve and a pulsation circuit for controlling the flow rate and amount of the water. The scale eliminating unit forms turbulence in the steam generating device or supplies water having varied flow rate and amount to the steam generating device, thereby efficiently eliminating scale deposited in the steam generating device.
摘要:
A thermocouple junction box for reducing EMF generated by a stud-and-cup configuration comprises a cup adapted to be electrically connected to a thermocouple sensing junction and a stud disposed, at least in part, within the cup, the stud being electrically isolated from the cup. In another aspect, a thermocouple junction box comprises a contact element adapted to be electrically connected to a thermocouple sensing junction and a stud mechanically coupled to the contact element by means of an insulating material and electrically isolated from the contact element by means of the insulating material. In a further aspect, a thermocouple assembly comprises a thermocouple sensing junction, a contact element, and a stud. The stud is adapted to receive thereon a conductive element electrically connected to a thermocouple cable, the stud being electrically isolated from and mechanically coupled to the contact element. The thermocouple cable is coupled to the thermocouple sensing junction via an interface between the conductive element and the contact element when the conductive element is disposed about the stud and seated on the contact element. In still another aspect, a method of reducing thermocouple error consistent with the invention comprises: in a thermocouple junction box having a stud fixedly disposed in relation to a contact element, electrically isolating the stud from the contact element.
摘要:
Provided is a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) type optical transceiver module, in which for a diplex optical transceiver module that uses different wavelengths in upstream and downstream, an optical waveguide connected to a light-receiving unit is a multi-mode waveguide and an optical waveguide connected to the light-emitting unit is a single mode waveguide, and further, for a triplex optical transceiver module that uses one upstream wavelength and more than two different downstream wavelengths, an optical waveguide connected to the light-receiving unit, which is a waveguide-type photo diode, is a multi-mode waveguide and an optical waveguide connected to the light-emitting unit is a single mode waveguide, whereby even when there is an alignment error of a thin film filter due to irregularity provided in forming a trench, the optical waveguide connected to the light-receiving unit is formed wider than the optical waveguide connected to the light-emitting unit so that the loss during transmission of the optical signal to the light-receiving unit is minimized.
摘要:
An X-ray analyzer includes a sample stage for holding and positioning a sample and an optical positioner assembly configured above the sample stage. The optical positioner assembly includes a body member having an opening; an optical positioner located within the opening; and at least one X-ray optic and an optical viewing lens coupled to a first camera. The at least one X-ray optic and the optical viewing lens are secured to the optical positioner. The optical positioner is configured to align one of the at least one X-ray optic and the optic viewing lens normal to the sample on the sample stage such that the sample is irradiated with X-rays through the X-ray optic along a path which is normal to the sample and coaxial with the optic viewing lens receiving light reflected from the sample when the optic viewing lens is positioned normal to the sample.
摘要:
In a metal wiring, a method of forming the metal wiring, a display substrate having the metal wiring and a method of manufacturing the display substrate, the metal wiring includes a metal film and a first amorphous carbon film. The metal film is formed on a base substrate using a copper-containing material, and the first amorphous carbon film is formed beneath the metal film. A process for forming the metal wiring including the amorphous carbon film may be greatly simplified, and generation of defects in the metal wiring may be prevented or reduced.
摘要:
A method for carrying out an idle handoff from a macrocell to a microcell (picocell) in a hierarchical cell structure includes the steps of: a) allocating different frequency assignments (FA) to the macrocell and the microcell in a same service band, to construct the hierarchical cell structure; b) transmitting cell structure information of neighboring base stations and pseudo noise (PN) code from base station to mobile station; c) checking whether the mobile station is in the hierarchical cell by using the cell structure information of neighboring base station; and d) checking whether a value of the pseudo noise (PN) code is greater than T_ADD and greater than Ec/Io of the macrocell by periodically searching the pseudo noise (PN) code of the microcell, to carry out an idle handoff to the microcell, wherein the T_ADD represents a value of base station pilot strength required for the base station of neighboring set to be included in a candidate set, the Ec represents an pilot energy accumulated during one pseudo noise (PN) chip period, and the Io represents a total power spectrum density within a reception bandwidth.
摘要:
Provided are a method and system for predicting pathways of genes that serve the same biological purpose using gene expression pattern data and protein interaction data. The method of predicting a gene pathway includes: a first step of generating partial pathways from gene expression pattern data by using a pathway extraction algorithm, and matching the partial pathways to express them as a graph; a second step of generating partial pathways from protein interaction data by using a pathway extraction algorithm, and matching the partial pathways to express them as a graph; and a third step of combining a graph made in the first step and a graph made in the second step by using a graph matching algorithm to make a combined graph.
摘要:
An energy storage flywheel includes a rotating shaft, a hollow type hub coupled to the rotating shaft and concentrically arranged about the rotating shaft, and an annular rotor disposed on an outer surface of the hollow type hub and concentrically arranged about the rotating shaft. The hollow type hub comprises a cylindrical contacting portion contacting the rotor, and at least two dome type fixing portions respectively extending in a dome shape from the contacting portion and respectively being coupled to the rotating shaft.