摘要:
One or more multi-level NAND flash cells are operated so as to store only single-level data, and these operations achieve an increased level of charge separation between the data states of the single-level operation by requiring a write to both the upper and lower pages, even though only one bit of data is being stored. That is, the second write operation increases the difference in floating gate charge between the erased state and the programmed state of the first write operation without changing the data in the flash memory cell. In one embodiment, a controller instructs the flash memory to perform two write operations for storing a single bit of data in an MLC flash cell. In another embodiment, the flash memory recognizes that a single write operation is directed a high reliability memory area and internally generates the required plurality of programming steps to place at least a predetermined amount of charge on the specified floating gate.
摘要:
A method for controlling a memory card which includes a nonvolatile semiconductor memory whose memory area includes a plurality of write areas is disclosed. A first area which is a part of the plurality of write areas is set in accordance with management executed by a first file system. The first file system sequentially writes data along a direction in which addresses of the plurality of write areas increase. A second area which is a part of the plurality of write areas is set in accordance with management executed by a second file system. The second file system writes data in an order which does not depend on the addresses.
摘要:
In a shift system wherein the transfer of power is performed using a motor, the smaller the gear ratio difference is, the smaller can be made the motor output. However, the number of gears must be increased in order to reduce the gear ratio. As the number of gears increases, the problem of gear noise becomes more serious. It is necessary to prevent both an increase in the number of gears and an increase of the motor output.In a vehicular drive system according to the present invention, a shifting power unit is not merely provided between a first intermediate shaft and a second intermediate shaft of a shift system which has the two intermediate shafts, but one side of a shifting power unit is connected to a vehicle driving power unit, while an opposite side thereof is connected to a power transfer switching clutch so as to be connected to the first or the second intermediate shaft through a reduction mechanism, whereby the output of the shifting power unit is decreased while minimizing an increase in the number of gears.
摘要:
[PROBLEMS] Provided is a sound absorbing material having a light weight, a smaller thickness, and outstanding sound absorbing property and heat insulating property.[MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] Used is a sound absorbing and heat insulating material having at least one peak of normal incident sound absorption coefficient in a range of 315 to 5000 Hz, a peak absorption coefficient not less than 80%, and a thickness of 5 to 30 mm. For example, a layer obtained by laminating a porous film layer B including a resin having a melting point not less than 120 degrees C. to a nonwoven fabric A having a fiber with not less than 1 micron and not more than 25 microns of a fiber diameter, as a principal component, and a mass per unit area of 10 to 70 g/m2; and a staple fiber nonwoven fabric C having a fiber diameter of 7 to 50 microns, a mass per unit area of 50 to 2000 g/m2, and a thickness of 4 to 30 mm; are integrated by compounding by a plurality of through-passing fibers, and thereby enabling set of a peak of a sound absorption coefficient.
摘要:
When initializing a card-shaped device inserted in a card interface, operation mode acquiring means incorporated in an electronic device acquires operation mode information, stored in a register file incorporated in the card-shaped device, by a predetermined procedure using a predetermined pin. Operation mode setting means incorporated in the electronic device executes signal assignment on a plurality of data pins peculiar to an operation mode indicated by the acquired operation mode information, thereby switching a data transfer width, and allowing the card-shaped device to operate in the operation mode.
摘要:
An automotive shift change control system and automatic transmission system is provided to give passengers a comfortable feeling of shift changing or of driving. A transmission connects a vehicle-driving engine, an electrical rotary machine, and axles via a differential gearbox, transmits the power of the engine to the axles via the electrical rotary machine during a shift change, and conducts the shift change. The automotive shift change control unit that controls the change gear ratio of the transmission includes a driving force controller to control the driving force of the electrical rotary machine, a shift-changing speed controller to send a driving force command from the electrical rotary machine to the driving force controller, and a target shift-changing speed changeover device to output the target shift-changing speed that becomes a target value of the shift-changing speed controlled by the shift-changing speed controller.
摘要:
When initializing a card-shaped device inserted in a card interface, operation mode acquiring means incorporated in an electronic device acquires operation mode information, stored in a register file incorporated in the card-shaped device, by a predetermined procedure using a predetermined pin. Operation mode setting means incorporated in the electronic device executes signal assignment on a plurality of data pins peculiar to an operation mode indicated by the acquired operation mode information, thereby switching a data transfer width, and allowing the card-shaped device to operate in the operation mode.
摘要:
Disclosed is an alkaline storage battery comprising: a positive electrode comprising nickel hydroxide; a negative electrode; and an electrolyte layer interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The electrolyte layer comprises a water absorbent polymer and an aqueous alkaline solution. The water absorbent polymer is obtained by saponification of a copolymer comprising 100 parts by weight of monomer (A) and 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of monomer (B). The monomer (A) has at least one group capable of being converted to a carboxyl group by saponification and has one polymerizable double bond, and the monomer (B) has two or more polymerizable double bonds.
摘要:
A battery is adapted such that a nickel hydroxide particle group constituted of a number of nickel hydroxide particles filled in a void part of a positive electrode substrate contains, at a ratio of 15 wt % or less, small-diameter nickel hydroxide particles each having a particle diameter of 5 μm or less. The positive electrode substrate is configured such that a front-surface-side nickel layer and a back-surface-side nickel layer are made larger in thickness than a middle nickel layer, and an average thickness B of either the front-surface-side nickel layer or the back-surface-side nickel layer, which is thicker one, and an average thickness C of the middle nickel layer satisfy a relation of C/B≧0.6.
摘要:
It is an object of the present invention to provide a water-borne resin composition which can form a film being excellent in flexibility and heat resistance without reducing an insulating property and can be used suitably for a cationic electrocoating composition. A water-borne resin composition, having a hydrolysable functional group and a polymerizable unsaturated carbon bond, wherein a base resin is at least one species selected from the group consisting of a polyamide-imide resin, a polyamide resin and a polyimide resin.