摘要:
A light-absorbing layer is selectively formed over an insulating surface, an insulating layer is formed over the insulating surface and the light-absorbing layer, the insulating surface, the light-absorbing layer, and the insulating layer are irradiated with laser light to selectively remove only the insulating layer above the light-absorbing layer in an irradiated region of the insulating layer so that an opening reaching the light-absorbing layer is formed in the insulating layer, and a conductive film is formed in the opening so as to be in contact with the light-absorbing layer. By forming the conductive film in the opening so as to be in contact with the exposed light-absorbing layer, the conductive film can be electrically connected to the light-absorbing layer with the insulating layer interposed therebetween.
摘要:
The present invention provides a laser irradiation apparatus and a laser irradiation method which can reduce displacement of entrance point of laser light into a diffractive optical element, when laser light enters the diffractive optical element through a beam expander optical system. When the scale of laser light emitted from a laser oscillator is enlarged through a beam expander optical system including two lenses, and the laser light enters the diffractive optical element, the emission point of the laser light and the first and second lenses are arranged such that the positions of the emission point of the laser light and the second lens are conjugate to each other by the first lens.
摘要:
A transmitter apparatus that exhibits a high efficiency and that can provide a wide variable output control width. An operation of saturation mode is performed in the vicinity of the maximum transmission power. A large-power amplifier (12) is caused, by increasing and then fixing the input level thereof, to operate in a saturation state, while the amplitude component of a modulation signal in a range corresponding to an output power control level is inputted to an R-input terminal (33) to amplitude modulate the power supply voltage (VDD) of a power supply terminal (25), thereby performing a polar coordinate modulation of a high efficiency. An operation of linear mode is performed for a smaller transmission power. The large-power amplifier (12) is caused, by reducing the input level thereof, to perform a linear operation, while the power supply voltage (VDD) of the power supply terminal (25) is varied in accordance with the output power control level, thereby performing a transmission power control.
摘要:
A second laser light of a continuous wave oscillation is irradiated to a region melted by a first laser light of a pulsed oscillation having a harmonic. Specifically, the first laser light has a wavelength not longer than that of visible light (830 nm, preferably not more than 780 nm). The absorption coefficient of the second laser light to a semiconductor film considerably increases because the semiconductor film is melted by the first laser light, and therefore the second laser light becomes easy to be absorbed in the semiconductor film.
摘要:
A linear pulse laser beam to be applied to an illumination surface is so formed as to have, at the focus, an energy profile in the width direction which satisfies inequalities 0.5L1≦L2≦L1 and 0.5L1≦L3≦L1 where assuming that a maximum energy is 1, L1 is a beam width of two points having an energy of 0.95 and L1+L2+L3 is a beam width of two points having an energy of 0.70, L2 and L3 occupying two peripheral portions of the beam width. According to another aspect of the invention, a compound-eye-like fly-eye lens for expanding a pulse laser beam in a sectional manner is provided upstream of a cylindrical lens for converging the laser beam into a linear beam.
摘要翻译:施加到照明表面的线性脉冲激光束被形成为在焦点处具有宽度方向上的能量分布,其满足不等式0.5L 1 <= L 2 <= L 1和0.5L 1 < L 3 <= L 1其中,假定最大能量为1,L 1是具有0.95的能量的两点的波束宽度,L 1+ L 2+ L 3是具有0.70的能量的两点的波束宽度 ,L 2和L 3占据梁宽度的两个周边部分。 根据本发明的另一方面,在用于将激光束会聚到线性光束的柱面透镜的上游设置用于以分段方式扩展脉冲激光束的复眼型飞眼透镜。
摘要:
A radio communication device that, even if it is interfered by a radio transmission station other than a radio transmission station with which it intends to communicate, estimates a signal transmitted from the intended radio transmission station by taking into account the influence of the interference, by obtaining an estimator of “s” that denotes a column vector representing a signal transmitted from the radio transmission station, in accordance with a following expression: s=RssHH(HRssHH+Ruu)−1r, where “Rss” denotes a covariance matrix of the column vector “s”, “r” denotes a column vector representing the signal received by the signal receiving unit, “H” denotes a matrix being the numerical sequence calculated by the first calculating unit, “Ruu” denotes a covariance matrix being the numerical sequence calculated by the second calculating unit, “H” denotes a complex conjugate transposition, and “−1” denotes an inverse matrix.
摘要翻译:一种无线电通信装置,即使是由与其打算进行通信的无线电发送站以外的无线电发送站的干扰,也可以通过考虑干扰的影响来估计从预期的无线电发送站发送的信号,由 根据以下表达式获得表示表示从无线电发送站发送的信号的列向量的“s”的估计器:s = RssH H(H s H H H H + Ruu) -1,其中“Rss”表示列向量“s”的协方差矩阵,“r”表示表示由信号接收单元接收的信号的列向量“H” 表示由第一计算单元计算的数字序列的矩阵,“Ruu”表示由第二计算单元计算的数字序列的协方差矩阵,“H”表示复共轭转置,“ -1 SUP>“表示逆矩阵。
摘要:
A display device is manufactured by forming a semiconductor film over a substrate and irradiating the film with laser light. The laser light is generated from an oscillator, passes through an attenuator that includes a filter, and passes through an optical system after passing through the attenuator. A first region of the semiconductor film is irradiated with the laser light passed through the optical system such that one point of the first region of the semiconductor film is irradiated with at least two shots. A second region of the semiconductor film is also irradiated with the laser light passed through the optical system such that one point of the second region of the semiconductor film is irradiated with at least two shots. The first region and the second region have a portion at which they overlap, and the semiconductor film is etched into semiconductor layers for transistors in areas outside the portion.
摘要:
First laser light is irradiated (energy density of 400 to 500 mj/cm2) to a semiconductor film 102 in an atmosphere containing oxygen in order to obtain a semiconductor film 102b having large depressions and projections on the surface. Then, an oxidized film 105a formed by the irradiation of the first laser light is removed. After that, an inert gas with an oxygen density of 10 ppm or below is blown thereto, and, at the same time, second laser light is irradiated thereto (the energy density is higher than that of the irradiation of the first laser light). Thus, the surface of the semiconductor film 102b is flattened, and a semiconductor film 102c having fewer depressions and projections on the surface can be obtained.
摘要翻译:为了得到在氧气中含有大的凹凸的半导体膜102b,将第一激光照射到能量密度为400〜500mj / cm 2的半导体膜102中 表面。 然后,去除通过照射第一激光形成的氧化膜105a。 之后,吹入氧浓度为10ppm以下的惰性气体,同时照射第二激光(能量密度高于第一激光的照射能量密度)。 因此,半导体膜102b的表面被平坦化,并且可以获得在表面上具有较少凹凸的半导体膜102c。
摘要:
In conducting laser annealing using a CW laser or a quasi-CW laser, productivity is not high as compared with an excimer laser and thus, it is necessary to further enhance productivity. According to the present invention, a fundamental wave is used without putting laser light into a non linear optical element, and laser annealing is conducted by irradiating a semiconductor thin film with pulsed laser light having a high repetition rate. A laser oscillator having a high output power can be used for laser annealing, since a non linear optical element is not used and thus light is not converted to a harmonic. Therefore, the width of a region having large grain crystals that is formed by scanning once can be increased, and thus the productivity can be enhanced dramatically.
摘要:
A cylindrical lens array cannot be manufactured so that each cylindrical lens has the same radius of curvature and the same accuracy in the surface. Therefore, when the laser annealing is performed using the cylindrical lens array, the beam spots divided by the cylindrical lens array cannot be superposed completely in the same surface. As a result, there is a region where the energy is attenuated in the edge portion of the rectangular beam to be formed, and therefore the intensity distribution of the laser beam becomes inhomogeneous. In the present invention, the cylindrical lens array is used in combination with the optical waveguide. After dividing the laser beam in a predetermined direction by the cylindrical lens array, the divided beams are combined, and then the laser beam is incident into the optical waveguide that acts upon the same direction as the predetermined direction. This can correct the variation in the intensity of the laser beam due to the processing inaccuracy of the cylindrical lens array.