公开(公告)号：US20050244320A1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-03

申请号：US10510490

申请日：2003-03-21

申请人： Meinhard Schwefer ,  Michael Groves

发明人： Meinhard Schwefer ,  Michael Groves

IPC分类号： B01D53/94 ,  B01D53/86 ,  B01J29/76 ,  B01D53/56

CPC分类号： B01D53/8625 ,  B01D2251/202 ,  B01D2251/204 ,  B01D2251/208 ,  B01D2255/20738 ,  B01D2255/50 ,  B01D2257/402 ,  B01D2257/404 ,  Y02C20/10

摘要： A process for reducing the content of NOx and N2O in gases, in particular in process gases and offgases, which comprises the measures: a) addition of at least one nitrogen-containing reducing agent to the NOx- and N2O-containing gas in at least the amount required for complete reduction of the NOx, b) addition of a hydrocarbon, of carbon monoxide, of hydrogen or of a mixture of one or more of these gases to the NOx- and N2O-containing gas for the reduction of the N2O and c) introduction of the gas mixture into at least one reaction zone at temperatures of up to 450° C. which contains one or more iron-laden zeolites, is described. The process can be used, in particular, in nitric acid production, for offgases from power stations or for gas turbines.

摘要翻译： 一种降低气体，特别是工艺气体和废气中的NO x和N 2 O的含量的方法，其包括以下措施：a）添加至少一种 含氮还原剂至少达到完全还原NO x所需的量的含NO x和N 2 O的含有气体 ，b）将一种一氧化碳的氢气或这些气体中的一种或多种的混合物加入到NO 2 - 和N 2 O- 以及c）将气体混合物引入到至多一个反应区域中，所述反应区域在高达450℃的温度下，其含有一种或多种含铁载体的沸石， 被描述。 该方法特别可用于硝酸生产，用于发电站或燃气轮机的废气。

公开(公告)号：US06631727B2

公开(公告)日：2003-10-14

申请号：US09842621

申请日：2001-04-27

申请人： Gunter Schneider ,  Jochen Benz ,  Peter Buck

发明人： Gunter Schneider ,  Jochen Benz ,  Peter Buck

IPC分类号： B08B302

CPC分类号： C10J3/86 ,  B01D53/8625 ,  B01D53/88 ,  B01J23/92 ,  B01J38/48 ,  B01J38/485 ,  B01J38/60 ,  F22B1/1846 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y02P20/584

摘要： A cleaning kit for removing process impurities carried on the surface of a NOx reduction catalyst which is installed in the path of a flue gas flow exiting from a fossil fuel burning facility including: a reagent supply grill; a source of supply of liquid cleaning reagent; a reagent collection basin; and a recirculating structure. The reagent supply grid is adapted to be selectively positioned above a portion of a catalyst layer. The source of supply of liquid cleaning reagent adapted to be in communication with the supply grid, and the reagent collection basin being adapted to be selectively positioned below the portion of such catalyst layer to catch cleaning reagent therein after such reagent passes through such portion of the catalyst layer, the recirculating structure recirculates at least a portion of such reagent from the collecting basin for recirculating through such supply grid for further cleaning of such portion of the catalyst layer.

摘要翻译： 一种用于去除在从化石燃料燃烧设备排出的烟道气路径中安装的NO x 还原催化剂表面上的工艺杂质的清洁工具，包括： 试剂供应格栅; 液体清洗剂供应源; 试剂收集池 和循环结构。 试剂供应栅格适于选择性地定位在催化剂层的一部分上方。 适于与供应电网连通的液体清洗剂的供应源，以及试剂收集池适于选择性地定位在该催化剂层的部分下方，以在该试剂通过这样的部分 催化剂层，再循环结构将至少一部分这种试剂从收集池再循环，以便循环通过这种供应栅格，以进一步清洁催化剂层的这种部分。

公开(公告)号：US20030053943A1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-20

申请号：US10174194

申请日：2002-06-17

发明人： Hal B.H. Cooper ,  Herbert W. Spencer III

IPC分类号： B01D053/56

CPC分类号： B01D53/56 ,  B01D53/8625 ,  C01C1/02 ,  C01C1/026 ,  C01C1/08 ,  C01C1/086

摘要： This patent describes technology for generating ammonia from urea. The method is based on the hydrolysis of an aqueous solution of urea and/or biuret by heating under pressure to form a mixture of ammonia, carbon dioxide and water. The gas mixtures produced are useful for supplying ammonia at controlled pressure and rate of flow for many industrial applications without the risks and hazards associated with the transportation and on-site storage of ammonia, thereby providing a significant safety advantage over present industrial practice.

摘要翻译： 该专利描述了从尿素产生氨的技术。 该方法基于通过在压力下加热以尿素和/或缩二脲水溶液的水解形成氨，二氧化碳和水的混合物。 生产的气体混合物可用于在许多工业应用中以受控的压力和流量供应氨，而不会与氨的运输和现场储存相关的风险和危害，从而比现有的工业实践提供显着的安全优势。

公开(公告)号：US20030007918A1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-09

申请号：US10226924

申请日：2002-08-23

申请人： The Ohio State University

发明人： Liang-Shih Fan ,  Rajeev Agnihotri

IPC分类号： B01D053/50

CPC分类号： B01D53/8625 ,  B01D53/502

摘要： The present invention includes methods and apparatus useful in the removal of air pollutants. More specifically, this invention relates to methods and apparatus useful in mitigating major air pollutants (SOx and NOx) and trace toxins from coal-fired combustors. Using a method or apparatus of the present invention, a coal-fired combustor may be retrofitted to accommodate combined SOx/NOx removal technology for solid waste reduction and environmentally responsible utilization of dry flue gas (FGD) desulfurization product. The combined SOx/NOx control technology may integrate enhanced removal of SO2 at high to medium temperatures using a desulfurization process of the present invention with selective catalytic reduction technology for NOx. The reactivation of spent sorbent and dry FGD product may result in a more complete utilization of the ash and sorbent in the reduction of SO2 emissions, thereby reducing significantly the amount of sorbent used and the volume of by-product generated. Modifications to a power plant may result in significant changes to the waste stream. Based upon the process for dry FGD product reactivation to achieve enhanced SO2 removal and SCR for NOx removal, it may be possible to remove both sulfur and nitrogen oxides from high sulfur coal. The process is modular in nature (different components of the process can be by-passed as and when the need arises) and thus may have great flexibility and be applicable to various operating conditions.

摘要翻译： 本发明包括可用于去除空气污染物的方法和装置。 更具体地说，本发明涉及用于减轻燃煤燃烧器中主要空气污染物（SOx和NOx）和痕量毒素的方法和装置。 使用本发明的方法或装置，可以改装燃煤燃烧器，以适应组合的SOx / NOx去除技术，用于固体废物减少和对环境负责的干烟道气（FGD）脱硫产品的利用。 组合的SOx / NOx控制技术可以使用本发明的脱硫方法与NO x的选择性催化还原技术来整合在高温至中等温度下增强的SO 2去除。 用过的吸附剂和干式烟气脱硫产物的再活化可能会使灰分和吸附剂更全面地利用SO2排放量的减少，从而显着减少所用吸附剂的用量和产生的副产物的体积。 对发电厂的修改可能导致废物流的重大变化。 基于干法烟气脱硫产物再活化的过程，以实现增强的SO2去除和用于除去NOx的SCR，可能从高硫煤中除去硫和氮氧化物。 该过程本质上是模块化的（该过程的不同部件可以随着需要而被旁路），并且因此可以具有很大的灵活性并且适用于各种操作条件。

公开(公告)号：US20020001554A1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-03

申请号：US09901180

申请日：2001-07-09

发明人： Richard J. Czarnik ,  Jeffrey P. DiCarlo ,  Curtis J. Knapper ,  Thomas C. Simard ,  Theodore J. Tarabulski

IPC分类号： B01D053/56

CPC分类号： F01N3/2066 ,  B01D53/8625 ,  B01D53/90 ,  F01N2260/024 ,  F01N2610/02 ,  F01N2610/11 ,  F01N2610/1453 ,  Y02C20/10 ,  Y02T10/24 ,  Y10T137/6552 ,  Y10T137/6579

摘要： A method for reducing emissions of oxides of nitrogen from a combustion process using a temperature sensitive liquid reagent injected into a stream of exhaust gases from the combustion process and passing the exhaust gases and the reagent through a catalytic reactor which reduces the oxides of nitrogen in the presence of the reagent is disclosed. The steps of the method include providing an injector having an orifice for atomizing the liquid reagent; positioning a portion of the injector having the orifice within the stream of exhaust gases; cooling the injector by continuously circulating the reagent therethrough, thereby keeping both the injector and the reagent within the injector below a critical temperature at which the reagent will solidify; and injecting a portion of the reagent into the exhaust stream upstream of the reactor.

摘要翻译： 一种用于从燃烧过程中使用注入到来自燃烧过程的废气流中的温度敏感的液体试剂减少来自燃烧过程的氮氧化物的排放的方法，并使废气和试剂通过催化反应器，所述催化反应器减少了 公开了试剂的存在。 该方法的步骤包括提供具有用于雾化液体试剂的孔口的注射器; 将具有孔口的喷射器的一部分定位在废气流内; 通过使试剂连续循环来冷却注射器，从而将注射器和试剂在注射器内保持在低于试剂固化的临界温度以下; 以及将一部分试剂注入到反应器上游的排气流中。

公开(公告)号：US20010053342A1

公开(公告)日：2001-12-20

申请号：US09254291

申请日：1999-05-06

发明人： ARMIN MARKO ,  THOMAS WAHL ,  ULRICH ALKEMADE ,  FRANK BRENNER ,  MARC BAREIS ,  HORST HARNDORF

IPC分类号： B01D053/34

CPC分类号： C01C1/006 ,  B01D53/8625 ,  B01D53/9409 ,  B01D2251/2062 ,  F01N3/2066 ,  F01N2610/02 ,  F01N2610/06 ,  F01N2610/10 ,  F01N2610/1406 ,  F01N2610/1446 ,  Y02A50/2325 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02T10/24

摘要： A method and a device for selective catalytic NOx reduction in oxygen-containing exhaust gases using ammonia and a reduction catalyst (9) are described, according to which gaseous ammonia is made available by heating a solid storage medium (2) in a container (1). The method and the device are suitable for use in motor vehicles in particular.

摘要翻译： 描述了使用氨和还原催化剂（9）在含氧废气中选择性催化NOx还原的方法和装置，根据该方法和装置，通过加热容器（1）中的固体储存介质（2）可获得气态氨 ）。 该方法和装置特别适用于机动车辆。

公开(公告)号：US06202407B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-20

申请号：US09334191

申请日：1999-06-16

申请人： Raymond M. Brusasco ,  Bernardino M. Penetrante ,  George E. Vogtlin ,  Bernard T. Merritt

发明人： Raymond M. Brusasco ,  Bernardino M. Penetrante ,  George E. Vogtlin ,  Bernard T. Merritt

IPC分类号： F01N300

CPC分类号： B01D53/8625 ,  F01N3/2066 ,  F01N13/0097 ,  F01N2610/02 ,  F01N2610/03 ,  Y02A50/2325 ,  Y02T10/24

摘要： Hydrocarbon co-reductants, such as diesel fuel, are added by pulsed injection to internal combustion engine exhaust to reduce exhaust NOx to N2 in the presence of a catalyst. Exhaust NOx reduction of at least 50% in the emissions is achieved with the addition of less than 5% fuel as a source of the hydrocarbon co-reductants. By means of pulsing the hydrocarbon flow, the amount of pulsed hydrocarbon vapor (itself a pollutant) can be minimized relative to the amount of NOx species removed.

摘要翻译： 通过脉冲喷射将碳氢共还原剂（例如柴油燃料）加入到内燃机排气中，以在催化剂存在下将NOx排放到N 2。 通过添加少于5％的燃料作为烃共还原剂的来源，实现排放中至少50％的排气NOx降低。 通过脉冲烃流，脉冲烃蒸气（本身是污染物）的量可以相对于去除的NOx物质的量最小化。

公开(公告)号：US5853683A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-29

申请号：US840841

申请日：1997-04-17

申请人： Francis X. Gibbons ,  Alexander L. Huhmann ,  Albert J. Wallace

发明人： Francis X. Gibbons ,  Alexander L. Huhmann ,  Albert J. Wallace

IPC分类号： B01D53/56 ,  B01D53/86 ,  F23J15/00 ,  B01J8/00

CPC分类号： F23J15/006 ,  B01D53/56 ,  B01D53/8625 ,  F23J2215/10 ,  F23J2219/10 ,  F23J2219/20

摘要： A process for reducing the level of nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x) in a fossil fuel (e.g. coal) combustion flue gas has a selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) treatment stage followed by a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) treatment stage. The level of NO.sub.x produced by a power plant, particularly a coal fired power plant, varies depending upon the plant load. A set predetermined non-zero amount of first nitrogenous treatment agent is constantly introduced for the SNCR stage during all periods of plant operation. Additional first nitrogenous treatment agent is introduced for the SNCR stage only during periods of relatively higher NO.sub.x production, such as during peak load periods. A second nitrogenous treatment agent is added for the SCR stage up to the maximum SCR NO.sub.x reducing capability of the SCR stage based upon the total amount of NO.sub.x present in the flue gas, subject to limitations on the amount of allowable ammonia slip exiting the plant. Once the total amount of NO.sub.x in the flue gas surpasses a level which the SCR stage can effectively treat, additional first nitrogenous treatment agent is added to the SNCR stage. The amount of additional first nitrogenous treatment agent added is incrementally raised as the NO.sub.x level increases. During relatively lower NO.sub.x producing periods when the set non-zero amount of SNCR plus the SCR stage alone are effectively capable of reducing the level of NO.sub.x to the desired level without surpassing ammonia slip limits, no additional treatment agent is added for the SNCR stage.

摘要翻译： 用于降低化石燃料（例如煤）燃烧烟道气中的氮氧化物（NOx）水平的方法具有选择性的非催化还原（SNCR）处理阶段，随后是选择性催化还原（SCR）处理阶段。 发电厂，特别是燃煤发电厂产生的NOx水平因工厂负荷而异。 在工厂运行的所有时段期间，为SNCR阶段不断地引入一定的非零量的第一含氮处理剂。 仅在氮氧化物产生相对较高的时段（例如峰值负荷期间），为SNCR阶段引入额外的第一种含氮处理剂。 对于SCR级添加第二种含氮处理剂，直到基于烟道气中存在的NOx总量的SCR级的最大SCR NOx还原能力，受限于离开设备的允许氨滑移量的限制。 一旦烟气中的NOx总量超过SCR级可以有效处理的水平，则在SNCR阶段加入另外的第一种含氮处理剂。 随着NOx含量的增加，附加的第一种含氮处理剂的量逐渐增加。 在相对较低的NOx生成期间，当SNCR加上SCR阶段的设定非零量素能够有效地将NO X的水平降低到所需水平而不超过氨的滑移限值时，对于SNCR阶段不再添加另外的处理剂。

公开(公告)号：US5849593A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-15

申请号：US828676

申请日：1997-03-31

申请人： Helmut Schmelz

发明人： Helmut Schmelz

IPC分类号： B01D53/79 ,  B01D53/86 ,  B01D53/94 ,  F01N3/20 ,  G05D11/13 ,  G05B1/01

CPC分类号： F01N3/208 ,  B01D53/79 ,  B01D53/8625 ,  B01D53/8696 ,  B01D53/9409 ,  B01D53/9495 ,  G05D11/135 ,  F01N2560/06 ,  F01N2560/07 ,  F01N2560/08 ,  F01N2610/02 ,  F01N2610/146 ,  F01N2900/08 ,  F01N2900/1402 ,  F01N2900/1622 ,  Y02T10/24 ,  Y10T436/12

摘要： A method for metering a reagent into a flowing medium includes adjusting a quantity of a reagent to be metered per unit of time into a flowing medium as a function of a thickness of a reaction zone in a catalytically active material. An apparatus for metering a reagent into a flowing medium includes a control unit, a device associated with the control unit for detecting a thickness of a reaction zone, and a metering device associated with the control unit for introducing a reagent into a flowing medium upstream of a catalytic converter as seen in flow direction of the medium. The control unit adjusts a quantity of the reagent to be metered into the flowing medium per unit of time by the metering device, as a function of a thickness of the reaction zone.

摘要翻译： 用于将试剂计量​​到流动介质中的方法包括将每单位时间计量的试剂的量调整为流动介质中的量，作为催化活性材料中反应区的厚度的函数。 用于将试剂计量​​到流动介质中的装置包括控制单元，与用于检测反应区的厚度的控制单元相关联的装置，以及与控制单元相关联的计量装置，用于将试剂引入流动介质的上游流动介质 在介质的流动方向上看到的催化转化器。 控制单元根据反应区域的厚度，将由计量装置将每单位时间计量的待测量试剂的量调整为一定量。

公开(公告)号：US5830346A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-03

申请号：US521177

申请日：1995-08-30

申请人： Mohsen N. Harandi ,  Paul H. Schipper ,  David S. Shihabi ,  Scott A. Stevenson

发明人： Mohsen N. Harandi ,  Paul H. Schipper ,  David S. Shihabi ,  Scott A. Stevenson

IPC分类号： B01D53/86 ,  C10G11/18 ,  C10G11/00 ,  B01J21/20 ,  C01B21/02

CPC分类号： C10G11/182 ,  B01D53/8625

摘要： Oxides of nitrogen (NO.sub.x) emissions from an FCC regenerator are reduced by operating the regenerator in partial CO burn mode to produce flue gas with more CO than O.sub.2 and with NO.sub.x precursors. This flue gas is then enriched with controlled amounts of oxygen and charged over catalyst, preferably Group VIII noble metal on a support, to convert most NO.sub.x precursors to nitrogen. Flue gas may then be charged to a CO boiler. Eliminating more than 90% of NO.sub.x emissions is possible by operating the FCC regenerator in partial CO burn mode, then adding air and catalytically converting NO.sub.x precursors at substoichiometric conditions. Conversion of NO.sub.x, if formed in the regenerator, may be achieved as well.

摘要翻译： 通过在部分CO燃烧模式下操作再生器来减少来自FCC再生器的氮（NOx）排放的氧化物，以产生具有比O 2和NO x前体更多的CO的烟道气。 然后，该烟道气用受控量的氧气富集，并通过催化剂，优选载体上的VIII族贵金属加入，以将大部分NOx前体转化为氮气。 然后将烟道气充入CO锅炉。 通过在部分CO燃烧模式下操作FCC再生器，然后在亚化学计量条件下添加空气和催化转化NOx前体，可以消除超过90％的NOx排放。 也可以在再生器中形成NOx的转化。