公开(公告)号：US20060282683A1

公开(公告)日：2006-12-14

申请号：US11152598

申请日：2005-06-13

申请人： Subramanyam Chandramouli ,  Bharat Pathak

发明人： Subramanyam Chandramouli ,  Bharat Pathak

IPC分类号： G06F12/14

CPC分类号： G06F12/1433 ,  G06F2212/2022

摘要： A method and device for providing a secret region in a flash erase block to store a key. A block of memory may only be read, programmed, or erased if a key is provided which matches the key stored in the secret region of the block.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在闪存擦除块中提供秘密区域以存储密钥的方法和设备。 如果提供与存储在块的秘密区域中的密钥相匹配的密钥，则只能读取，编程或擦除存储器块。

公开(公告)号：US08175405B1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-08

申请号：US11521927

申请日：2006-09-14

申请人： Bharat Pathak

发明人： Bharat Pathak

IPC分类号： G06K9/40

CPC分类号： H04N19/117 ,  G06T5/002 ,  G06T2207/10016 ,  G06T2207/20192 ,  H04N19/14 ,  H04N19/86

摘要： The disclosed technology provides a system and a method for adaptive MPEG noise reduction. In particular, the disclosed technology provides a system and a method for reducing blocking artifacts and mosquito noise in an MPEG video signal. An overall MPEG noise detector may be used to determine the presence of noise in one or more frames of a video signal. When a sufficient amount of noise is detected in the one or more frames of the video signal, portions of the video signal that contain noise may be located and filtered to reduce the amount of noise present in the video signal.

摘要翻译： 所公开的技术提供了用于自适应MPEG噪声降低的系统和方法。 具体地，所公开的技术提供了用于减少MPEG视频信号中的块伪影和蚊式噪声的系统和方法。 可以使用整体MPEG噪声检测器来确定视频信号的一个或多个帧中的噪声的存在。 当在视频信号的一个或多个帧中检测到足够量的噪声时，可以定位和滤波包含噪声的视频信号的部分，以减少存在于视频信号中的噪声量。

公开(公告)号：US20070140588A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-21

申请号：US11313577

申请日：2005-12-20

申请人： Nikhil Balram ,  Bharat Pathak ,  Uma Jayaraman

发明人： Nikhil Balram ,  Bharat Pathak ,  Uma Jayaraman

IPC分类号： G06K9/40

CPC分类号： G06T5/002 ,  G06T2207/10016 ,  G06T2207/20204

摘要： High-frequency noise is generated that approximates the appearance of traditional “film grain” for a digital video signal. By adding a relatively small amount of film grain noise, the video can be made to look more natural and more pleasing to the human viewer. The digital film grain generation can be used to mask unnatural smooth artifacts in digital video such as “blockiness” and “contouring” in the case of compressed video and/or used to provide visual enhancements or special effects to any digital video stream. The digital film grain generator can control grain size and the amount of film grain to be added.

摘要翻译： 产生近似于数字视频信号的传统“胶片颗粒”的外观的高频噪声。 通过添加相对少量的胶片颗粒噪声，可以使视频看起来更自然，更令人欣赏。 数字胶片颗粒生成可以用于在压缩视频的情况下在数字视频中掩盖不自然的平滑伪影，例如“块状”和“轮廓”，和/或用于向任何数字视频流提供视觉增强或特殊效果。 数字胶片颗粒发生器可以控制晶粒尺寸和添加的胶片颗粒的数量。

公开(公告)号：US20060282643A1

公开(公告)日：2006-12-14

申请号：US11150504

申请日：2005-06-10

申请人： Subramanyam Chandramouli ,  Gerard Kreifels ,  Bharat Pathak ,  Edward Babb

发明人： Subramanyam Chandramouli ,  Gerard Kreifels ,  Bharat Pathak ,  Edward Babb

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G11C11/5628 ,  G06F11/1068 ,  G11C29/00 ,  G11C2211/5641

摘要： In high-density mode, data may be stored in consecutive byte blocks. In low-density mode, a codeword of memory space may have the capacity to store two bytes of data, but may be used to store only a single byte of data. In a multi-level cell architecture where two or more bits may be stored in a single cell, memory address translation circuitry (or other system component) may translate data to be stored in low-density mode. Memory address translation circuitry may adjust the bit ordering of data to be stored to compensate for the consequences of low-density mode. A single flash memory device may have data stored in one portion in low-density mode and data stored in another portion in high-density mode. Error correcting code (ECC) may be applied in high-density mode and not in low-density mode.

摘要翻译： 在高密度模式下，数据可以存储在连续的字节块中。 在低密度模式中，存储器空间的码字可以具有存储两个字节的数据的能力，但是可以仅用于存储单个字节的数据。 在其中两个或多个位可以存储在单个单元中的多级单元架构中，存储器地址转换电路（或其他系统组件）可以将数据转换为以低密度模式存储。 存储器地址转换电路可以调整要存储的数据的位排序以补偿低密度模式的后果。 单个闪速存储器件可以将数据存储在低密度模式的一部分中，并且以高密度模式存储在另一部分中的数据。 纠错码（ECC）可以应用于高密度模式，而不是低密度模式。

公开(公告)号：US5944837A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-31

申请号：US912349

申请日：1997-08-18

申请人： Sanjay S. Talreja ,  Rodney R. Rozman ,  Mickey Lee Fandrich ,  Bharat Pathak

发明人： Sanjay S. Talreja ,  Rodney R. Rozman ,  Mickey Lee Fandrich ,  Bharat Pathak

IPC分类号： G11C8/12 ,  G11C16/10 ,  G11C16/30 ,  G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G11C8/12 ,  G11C16/10 ,  G11C16/30

摘要： An operation control method and apparatus are described. The apparatus includes a timer circuit, a blocking circuit and a control circuit. The timer circuit provides a done signal upon completion of timing a predetermined elapsed time interval initiated by a start signal. The blocking circuit receives the done signal and provides the done signal as output if the done signal is not blocked when received. The control circuit receives a begin signal indicating that the operation is to be performed and a limit signal to indicate whether or not a condition exists that would prevent the operation from being completed in a single step. If the limit signal indicates the operation can be completed in the single step, the control circuit starts the timing circuit and controls performance of the single step until the done signal is received. If the limit signal indicates the operation cannot be completed in the single step, the control circuit divides the single step into at least two sub-steps, during each sub-step, the control circuit starts the timing circuit and controls performance of the sub-step until the done signal is received. The control circuit blocks output of the done signal from the blocking circuit during each sub-step until a final sub-step. For one embodiment, the operation to be performed is an erase operation specified by a write state machine that specifies an erase block to be erased within a flash memory. Alternately, the operation to be performed is a program operation specified by a write state machine that specifies data to be programmed within a flash memory.

公开(公告)号：US20070297513A1

公开(公告)日：2007-12-27

申请号：US11803535

申请日：2007-05-14

申请人： Mainak Biswas ,  Nikhil Balram ,  Bharat Pathak

发明人： Mainak Biswas ,  Nikhil Balram ,  Bharat Pathak

IPC分类号： H04B1/66 ,  H04N5/14 ,  H04N7/01

CPC分类号： H04N7/014

摘要： Disclosed herein are systems and methods for estimating global and local motions between a pair of temporally adjacent frames of an input signal and for applying these motion vectors to produce at least one interpolated, motion-compensated frame between the adjacent frames. In particular, the systems and methods comprise designs for a motion compensated frame rate converter including a global affine motion estimation engine, a global translation motion estimation engine, a segmentation mask generator, an object edge strength map generator and a local motion estimation engine. Combinations of these features are implemented in a motion compensated picture rate converter to accurately and efficiently provide motion estimation and compensation for a sequence of frames.

摘要翻译： 这里公开了用于估计输入信号的一对时间相邻帧之间的全局和局部运动并且用于施加这些运动矢量以在相邻帧之间产生至少一个内插运动补偿帧的系统和方法。 特别地，系统和方法包括用于包括全局仿射运动估计引擎，全局平移运动估计引擎，分割掩码生成器，对象边缘强度图生成器和局部运动估计引擎的运动补偿帧速率转换器的设计。 这些特征的组合在运动补偿图像速率转换器中实现，以准确且有效地为一系列帧提供运动估计和补偿。

公开(公告)号：US06449211B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-10

申请号：US09945021

申请日：2001-08-31

申请人： Owen W. Jungroth ,  Rajesh Sundaram ,  Mase J. Taub ,  Rupinder K. Bains ,  Raymond Zeng ,  Binh N. Ngo ,  Bharat Pathak

发明人： Owen W. Jungroth ,  Rajesh Sundaram ,  Mase J. Taub ,  Rupinder K. Bains ,  Raymond Zeng ,  Binh N. Ngo ,  Bharat Pathak

IPC分类号： G11C800

CPC分类号： G11C16/30 ,  G11C5/147 ,  G11C8/08

摘要： A circuit includes (i) an N-channel device having a gate, a source connected to low voltage, and a drain connected to a memory select gate, (ii) a P-channel device having a gate, a source, and a drain connected to the drain of the N-channel device, and (iii) a voltage supply connected to the source of the P-channel device, the voltage supply switching between a first high voltage and a first lower voltage. A gate driver supplies, to the gates of the N-channel and P-channel devices, a second high voltage, a second low voltage, or an intermediary voltage between the second high voltage and second low voltage. The gate driver supplies the intermediary voltage when the voltage supply switches between the first high voltage and first lower voltage.

摘要翻译： 电路包括（i）具有栅极，连接到低电压的源极和连接到存储器选择栅极的漏极的N沟道器件，（ii）具有栅极，源极和漏极的P沟道器件 连接到N沟道器件的漏极，以及（iii）连接到P沟道器件源极的电压源，电压源在第一高电压和第一较低电压之间切换。 栅极驱动器向N沟道和P沟道器件的栅极提供第二高电压，第二低电压或第二高电压和第二低电压之间的中间电压。 当电源在第一高电压和第一低电压之间切换时，栅极驱动器提供中间电压。

公开(公告)号：US08340185B2

公开(公告)日：2012-12-25

申请号：US11803535

申请日：2007-05-14

申请人： Mainak Biswas ,  Nikhil Balram ,  Bharat Pathak

发明人： Mainak Biswas ,  Nikhil Balram ,  Bharat Pathak

IPC分类号： H04N11/04

CPC分类号： H04N7/014

摘要： Disclosed herein are systems and methods for estimating global and local motions between a pair of temporally adjacent frames of an input signal and for applying these motion vectors to produce at least one interpolated, motion-compensated frame between the adjacent frames. In particular, the systems and methods comprise designs for a motion compensated frame rate converter including a global affine motion estimation engine, a global translation motion estimation engine, a segmentation mask generator, an object edge strength map generator and a local motion estimation engine. Combinations of these features are implemented in a motion compensated picture rate converter to accurately and efficiently provide motion estimation and compensation for a sequence of frames.

摘要翻译： 这里公开了用于估计输入信号的一对时间相邻帧之间的全局和局部运动并且用于施加这些运动矢量以在相邻帧之间产生至少一个内插运动补偿帧的系统和方法。 特别地，系统和方法包括用于包括全局仿射运动估计引擎，全局平移运动估计引擎，分割掩码生成器，对象边缘强度图生成器和局部运动估计引擎的运动补偿帧速率转换器的设计。 这些特征的组合在运动补偿图像速率转换器中实现，以准确且有效地为一系列帧提供运动估计和补偿。

公开(公告)号：US07933461B1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-26

申请号：US12579207

申请日：2009-10-14

申请人： Bharat Pathak

发明人： Bharat Pathak

IPC分类号： G06K9/00 ,  H04N1/40 ,  H04N7/12

CPC分类号： H04N1/4052 ,  G09G5/02 ,  G09G2340/0428

摘要： A filter for implementing Floyd Steinberg two-dimensional error diffusion algorithms allows high-speed processing of video and images. The filter is shown in direct form with proper bit precision with implementations that permit the filter to operate at high speed. Furthermore, a reduction in the gate count is achieved over the direct form. The results of static timing analysis obtained post synthesis are also summarized.

摘要翻译： 用于实现Floyd Steinberg二维误差扩散算法的滤波器允许视频和图像的高速处理。 过滤器以直接形式显示，具有适当的位精度，允许过滤器以高速运行。 此外，通过直接形式实现了栅极数的减少。 还总结了后合成得到的静态时序分析结果。

公开(公告)号：US07889940B2

公开(公告)日：2011-02-15

申请号：US12642440

申请日：2009-12-18

申请人： Nikhil Balram ,  Bharat Pathak ,  Uma Jayaraman

发明人： Nikhil Balram ,  Bharat Pathak ,  Uma Jayaraman

IPC分类号： G06K9/40

CPC分类号： G06T5/002 ,  G06T2207/10016 ,  G06T2207/20204

摘要： High-frequency noise is generated that approximates the appearance of traditional “film grain” for a digital video signal. By adding a relatively small amount of film grain noise, the video can be made to look more natural and more pleasing to the human viewer. The digital film grain generation can be used to mask unnatural smooth artifacts in digital video such as “blockiness” and “contouring” in the case of compressed video and/or used to provide visual enhancements or special effects to any digital video stream. The digital film grain generator can control grain size and the amount of film grain to be added.

摘要翻译： 产生近似于数字视频信号的传统“胶片颗粒”的外观的高频噪声。 通过添加相对少量的胶片颗粒噪声，可以使视频看起来更自然，更令人欣赏。 数字胶片颗粒生成可以用于在压缩视频的情况下在数字视频中掩盖不自然的平滑伪影，例如“块状”和“轮廓”，和/或用于向任何数字视频流提供视觉增强或特殊效果。 数字胶片颗粒发生器可以控制晶粒尺寸和添加的胶片颗粒的数量。