摘要:
The isolation, cloning of an enhancin gene bel1 from Bacillus thuringiensis, and the use of an enhancin Bel1 in biological insecticides are disclosed in the present invention. A new enhancin gene bel1 is isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki YBT-1520, and its encoded product is a new enhancin Bel1. The enhancin has very strong effect-enhancing activity on the insecticidal action of insecticidal crystal protein Cry1Ac in killing Lepidoptera insects. The insecticidal activity of genetically engineered Bacillus thuringiensis BMB0187 developed on the basis of this enhancin is 5.7 times as high as that of the initial strain.
摘要:
The series resistance of a CPP GMR stack can be reduced by shaping it into a small upper, on a somewhat larger, lower part. Because of the sub-micron dimensions involved, good alignment between these is normally difficult to achieve. The present invention discloses a self-alignment process based on first laying down a mask that will determine the shape of the top part. Ion beam etching is then initiated, the ion beam being initially applied from one side only at an angle to the surface normal. During etching, all material on the near side of the mask gets etched but, on the far side, only material that is outside the mask's shadow gets removed so, depending on the beam's angle, the size of the lower part is controlled and the upper part is precisely centrally aligned above it.
摘要:
The series resistance of a CPP GMR stack can be reduced by shaping it into a small upper, on a somewhat larger, lower part. Because of the sub-micron dimensions involved, good alignment between these is normally difficult to achieve. The present invention discloses a self-alignment process based on first laying down a mask that will determine the shape of the top part. Ion beam etching is then initiated, the ion beam being initially applied from one side only at an angle to the surface normal. During etching, all material on the near side of the mask gets etched but, on the far side, only material that is outside the mask's shadow gets removed so, depending on the beam's angle, the size of the lower part is controlled and the upper part is precisely centrally aligned above it.
摘要:
Using a beam of xenon ions together with a suitable mask, a GMR stack is ion milled until a part of it, no more than about 0.1 microns thick, has been removed so that a pedestal, having sidewalls comprising a vertical section that includes all of the free layer, has been formed. This is followed by formation of the dielectric and conductive lead layers in the usual way. Using xenon as the sputtering gas enables the point at which milling is terminated to be more precisely controlled.
摘要:
Using a beam of xenon ions together with a suitable mask, a GMR stack is ion milled until a part of it, no more than about 0.1 microns thick, has been removed so that a pedestal, having sidewalls comprising a vertical section that includes all of the free layer, has been formed. This is followed by formation of the longitudinal bias and conductive lead layers in the usual way. Using xenon as the sputtering gas enables the point at which milling is terminated to be more precisely controlled.
摘要:
The series resistance of a CPP GMR stack can be reduced by shaping it into a small upper, on a somewhat larger, lower part. Because of the sub-micron dimensions involved, good alignment between these is normally difficult to achieve. The present invention discloses a self-alignment process based on first laying down a mask that will determine the shape of the top part. Ion beam etching is then initiated, the ion beam being initially applied from one side only at an angle to the surface normal. During etching, all material on the near side of the mask gets etched but, on the far side, only material that is outside the mask's shadow gets removed so, depending on the beam's angle, the size of the lower part is controlled and the upper part is precisely centrally aligned above it.
摘要:
Using a beam of xenon ions together with a suitable mask, a stack is ion milled until a part of it, no more than about 0.1 microns thick, has been removed so that a pedestal having sidewalls, including a vertical section and a shortened taper portion, has been formed. This is followed by formation of conductive lead layers as needed. Using xenon as the sputtering gas enables the point at which milling is terminated to be more precisely controlled.
摘要:
As the critical dimensions of liftoff patterns grow smaller, it becomes increasingly more difficult to make liftoff resists that have the required resolution. This problem has been overcome by use of a combination of ion beam processing and ozone slimming to form lift-off patterns with undercuts from a single layer of photoresist. The ion beam process serves to harden the top portion of the resist while the ozone is used to oxidize and erode the lower portion resist sidewall to form the undercut.
摘要:
We describe a family of magnetic read heads that each includes a GMR or MTJ stack. A part, no more than about 0.1 microns thick, has been removed from this stack a to form a pedestal having sidewalls comprising a vertical section that includes all of the free layer.
摘要:
Using a beam of xenon ions together with a suitable mask, a stack is ion milled until a part of it, no more than about 0.1 microns thick, has been removed so that a pedestal having sidewalls, including a vertical section and a shortened taper portion, has been formed. This is followed by formation of conductive lead layers as needed. Using xenon as the sputtering gas enables the point at which milling is terminated to be more precisely controlled.