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    System and method for temperature control
    2.
    发明授权
    System and method for temperature control 有权
    温度控制系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US07188001B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-03-06

    申请号：US10353186

    申请日：2003-01-27

    申请人： Steven J. Young ,  Gregory T. A. Kovacs ,  M. Allen Northrup ,  Kurt E. Petersen ,  William A. McMillan ,  Konstantin Othmer ,  Lee A. Christel

    发明人： Steven J. Young ,  Gregory T. A. Kovacs ,  M. Allen Northrup ,  Kurt E. Petersen ,  William A. McMillan ,  Konstantin Othmer ,  Lee A. Christel

    IPC分类号： G05B21/00 ,  G01N25/20 ,  G01N21/00

    CPC分类号： B01L7/52 ,  G05B13/021 ,  G05D23/1913 ,  Y10T436/12

    摘要： A system for controlling the temperature of a reaction mixture comprises at least one heating device for heating the mixture and a power regulator for regulating the amount of power supplied to the heating device. A controller in communication with the power regulator includes program instructions for heating the reaction mixture by setting a variable target temperature that initially exceeds a desired setpoint temperature for the mixture. When the heating device reaches a threshold temperature, the variable target temperature is decreased to the desired setpoint temperature. In another embodiment, the controller includes an adaptive control program for dynamically adjusting the duration or intensity of power pulses provided to the heating device.

    摘要翻译： 用于控制反应混合物的温度的系统包括至少一个用于加热混合物的加热装置和用于调节供应给加热装置的功率量的功率调节器。 与功率调节器通信的控制器包括用于通过设定最初超过混合物的期望设定点温度的可变目标温度来加热反应混合物的程序指令。 当加热装置达到阈值温度时，可变目标温度降低到所需的设定点温度。 在另一个实施例中，控制器包括用于动态调整提供给加热装置的功率脉冲的持续时间或强度的自适应控制程序。

    Device incorporating a microfluidic chip for separating analyte from a sample
    4.
    发明授权
    Device incorporating a microfluidic chip for separating analyte from a sample 有权
    装有微流体芯片以用于从样品中分离分析物的装置

    公开(公告)号：US06664104B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-12-16

    申请号：US10006850

    申请日：2001-11-07

    申请人： Farzad Pourahmadi ,  William A. McMillan ,  Jesus Ching ,  Ronald Chang ,  Lee A. Christel ,  Gregory T. A. Kovacs ,  M. Allen Northrup ,  Kurt E. Petersen

    发明人： Farzad Pourahmadi ,  William A. McMillan ,  Jesus Ching ,  Ronald Chang ,  Lee A. Christel ,  Gregory T. A. Kovacs ,  M. Allen Northrup ,  Kurt E. Petersen

    IPC分类号： C12M134

    CPC分类号： C12M47/06 ,  B01L2400/0622 ,  B01L2400/0644

    摘要： A device for separating an analyte from a fluid sample comprises a cartridge incorporating a flow-through microfluidic chip. The microfluidic chip includes an extraction chamber having an array of microstructures for capturing the analyte and for subsequently releasing the captured analyte into an elution fluid. Each of the microstructures has an aspect ratio of at least 2:1. The cartridge also includes channels and at least one low controller (e.g., one or more valves) for directing the flow of the sample and elution fluid through the microfluidic chip. The cartridge may optionally include a lysing region for lysing sample components (e.g., cells spores, or microorganisms), a waste chamber for storing waste fluid, and reaction or detection chambers for amplifying or detecting the analyte.

    摘要翻译： 用于从流体样品分离分析物的装置包括结合流过微流控芯片的盒。 微流体芯片包括具有用于捕获分析物的微结构阵列并用于随后将捕获的分析物释放到洗脱流体中的提取室。 每个微结构具有至少2:1的纵横比。 墨盒还包括通道和至少一个低控制器（例如，一个或多个阀），用于引导样品流和洗脱流体通过微流体芯片。 筒可任选地包括用于裂解样品组分（例如细胞孢子或微生物）的裂解区，用于储存废液的废物室和用于扩增或检测分析物的反应或检测室。

    Implantable biosensing transponder
    5.
    发明授权
    Implantable biosensing transponder 失效
    植入式生物传感转发器

    公开(公告)号：US5833603A

    公开(公告)日：1998-11-10

    申请号：US614519

    申请日：1996-03-13

    申请人： Gregory T. A. Kovacs ,  Terry R. Knapp

    发明人： Gregory T. A. Kovacs ,  Terry R. Knapp

    IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  G01J3/02 ,  A61B10/00

    CPC分类号： A61B1/00029 ,  A61B1/00016 ,  A61B1/0653 ,  A61B5/0031 ,  A61B5/413 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0256 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  A61B1/041 ,  A61B1/0684 ,  A61B2560/0214 ,  A61B2560/0219 ,  A61B2562/08

    摘要： A biosensing transponder for implantation in an organism including a human comprises a biosensor for sensing one or more physical properties related to the organism after the device has been implanted, including optical, mechanical, chemical, and electrochemical properties, and a transponder for wirelessly transmitting data corresponding to the sensed parameter value to a remote reader. Disclosed embodiments utilize temperature sensors, strain sensors, pressure sensors, magnetic sensors, acceleration sensors, ionizing radiation sensors, acoustic wave sensors, chemical sensors including direct chemical sensors and dye based chemical sensors, and photosensors including imagers and integrated spectrophotometers. The transponder includes an energy coupler for wirelessly energizing the device with a remote energy source, and a control circuit for controlling and accessing the biosensor and for storing identifying data. The energy coupler can be an inductive circuit for coupling electromagnetic energy, a photoelectric transducer for coupling optical energy, or a piezoelectric transducer for coupling ultrasonic energy. The control circuit can be configured to delay, either randomly or by a fixed period of time, transmission of data indicative of the sensed parameter value to thereby prevent a data collision with an adjacent like device. Methods for using an implantable biosensing transponder include the steps of associating the device with an implant, including temporary implants, prostheses, and living tissue implants, physically attaching the device to a flexible catheter, sensing parameter values in an organism, and transmitting data corresponding to the sensed parameter values to a remote reader.

    摘要翻译： 用于植入包括人的生物体的生物传感应答器包括用于感测在器件植入后与生物相关的一种或多种物理性质的生物传感器，包括光学，机械，化学和电化学性质，以及用于无线传输数据的应答器 对应于感测到的远程读取器的参数值。 公开的实施例使用温度传感器，应变传感器，压力传感器，磁传感器，加速度传感器，电离辐射传感器，声波传感器，包括直接化学传感器和基于染料的化学传感器的化学传感器，以及包括成像器和集成分光光度计的光电传感器。 应答器包括能量耦合器，用于利用远程能量源无线地激励装置，以及用于控制和访问生物传感器并存储识别数据的控制电路。 能量耦合器可以是用于耦合电磁能的感应电路，用于耦合光能的光电传感器，或用于耦合超声波能量的压电传感器。 控制电路可以被配置为随机地或者固定的时间段延迟指示所感测的参数值的数据的传输，从而防止与相邻的类似设备的数据冲突。 使用植入式生物传感应答器的方法包括以下步骤：将装置与植入物相关联，包括临时植入物，假体和活组织植入物，将装置物理地连接到柔性导管，感测生物体中的参数值，以及发送对应于 感测到的参数值给远程读取器。

    Electrode assembly including iridium based mercury ultramicroelectrode array
    6.
    发明授权
    Electrode assembly including iridium based mercury ultramicroelectrode array 失效
    电极组件包括铱基汞超微电极阵列

    公开(公告)号：US5378343A

    公开(公告)日：1995-01-03

    申请号：US3229

    申请日：1993-01-11

    申请人： Samuel P. Kounaves ,  Gregory T. A. Kovacs ,  Christopher W. Storment

    发明人： Samuel P. Kounaves ,  Gregory T. A. Kovacs ,  Christopher W. Storment

    IPC分类号： G01N27/34 ,  G01N27/403 ,  G01N27/26

    CPC分类号： G01N27/403

    摘要： An electrode assembly for use in quantifying the levels of various metals in an aqueous solution. In one embodiment, the electrode assembly comprises a substrate, the substrate being a silicon chip upon which a layer of silicon dioxide has been grown. A plurality of gold bond pads and gold interconnect traces are deposited by microphotolithography onto the silicon dioxide layer. An array of iridium deposits are then patterned by microphotolithography onto the interconnect traces at predefined locations. A passivation layer is deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition over the finished metallization to electrically insulate it from external solutions. Plasma etching is then used to expose at least a portion of each of the iridium deposits. Just prior to analytical use, one or more of the exposed iridium elements are electroplated with mercury. The present invention is also directed to a field deployable sensor including the above-described electrode assembly.

    摘要翻译： 一种电极组件，用于定量水溶液中各种金属的含量。 在一个实施例中，电极组件包括衬底，衬底是硅片，其上已经生长了二氧化硅层。 通过显微光刻将多个金键焊盘和金互连迹线沉积到二氧化硅层上。 然后将铱沉积物阵列通过显微光刻图案化到预定位置处的互连迹线上。 钝化层通过等离子体增强化学气相沉积沉积在成品金属化上以将其与外部溶液电绝缘。 然后使用等离子体蚀刻来暴露每个铱沉积物的至少一部分。 在分析使用之前，一个或多个暴露的铱元素用汞电镀。 本发明还涉及包括上述电极组件的现场展开式传感器。

    Multiplexed active biologic array
    10.
    发明授权
    Multiplexed active biologic array 有权
    多重活性生物数组

    公开(公告)号：US06258606B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-07-10

    申请号：US09364676

    申请日：1999-07-30

    申请人： Gregory T. A. Kovacs

    发明人： Gregory T. A. Kovacs

    IPC分类号： G01N2727

    CPC分类号： G01N33/5438 ,  B01J19/0046 ,  B01J2219/00527 ,  B01J2219/00585 ,  B01J2219/00596 ,  B01J2219/00605 ,  B01J2219/00612 ,  B01J2219/00617 ,  B01J2219/00621 ,  B01J2219/00637 ,  B01J2219/00653 ,  B01J2219/00659 ,  B01J2219/00722 ,  G01N27/27 ,  G01N27/3276 ,  Y10T436/142222 ,  Y10T436/143333 ,  Y10T436/144444 ,  Y10T436/17 ,  Y10T436/170769 ,  Y10T436/171538 ,  Y10T436/173845 ,  Y10T436/20 ,  Y10T436/200833 ,  Y10T436/203332

    摘要： An improved biologic electrode array and methods for manufacturing and using the same. In one aspect, a matrix of electrodes each coupled to a respective sample-and-hold circuit is provided. The electrodes and sample-and-hold circuits are integral and form an array within a single semiconductor chip, such that each sample-and-hold circuit may be loaded with a predefined voltage provided by a single, time-shared digital-to-analog converter (DAC). Further, all of the sample-and-hold circuits may be accessed through a multiplexer which may be scanned through some or all of the electrode locations. Each sample-and-hold circuit may comprise a capacitor and one or more transistor switches, the switch(es), when closed, providing electrical communication between the capacitor and a source line formed in the matrix. In another aspect, a memory (for example, a random access memory (RAM)), a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) coupled to the memory, a counter, a row decoder coupled to the counter and to the memory, a column decoder coupled to the counter and to the memory, and a matrix of active biologic electrodes coupled to the row decoder and t he column decoder are provided on a single semiconductor chip for carrying out a series of reactions. In another aspect, provision is made for the fabrication of an entire active array surface on a thermally-isolated membrane containing at least one on-board, controllable heating element. By cycling the temperature of the heating element(s), it is possible to carry out DNA amplification in situ, if suitable reagents are present. Finally, in still another aspect, provision is made for the incorporation of optical fluorescence or transmittance detection circuitry within a biologic electrode array matrix.

    摘要翻译： 改进的生物电极阵列及其制造和使用方法。 在一个方面，提供了各自耦合到相应的采样和保持电路的电极矩阵。 电极和采样保持电路是一体的，并且在单个半导体芯片内形成阵列，使得每个采样保持电路可以被加载由单个时间共享的数模转换器提供的预定电压 转换器（DAC）。 此外，所有采样和保持电路可以通过多路复用器访问，多路复用器可以通过部分或全部电极位置进行扫描。 每个采样和保持电路可以包括电容器和一个或多个晶体管开关，当闭合时，开关提供电容器和形成在矩阵中的源极线之间的电连通。另一方面，存储器（用于 例如随机存取存储器（RAM）），耦合到存储器的数模转换器（DAC），计数器，耦合到计数器和存储器的行解码器，耦合到计数器的列解码器和 存储器和耦合到行解码器和列解码器的活性生物电极的矩阵设置在单个半导体芯片上用于执行一系列反应。在另一方面，提供制造整个有源阵列 在包含至少一个板上可控加热元件的热​​隔离膜上的表面。 通过循环加热元件的温度，如果存在合适的试剂，则可以在原位进行DNA扩增。最后，在另一方面，提供将光学荧光或透射检测电路结合到 生物电极阵列矩阵。