摘要:
A media work may be associated with an action by (a) extracting features from the media work, (b) determining an identification of the media work, based on the features extracted, using a sub-linear time search, such as an approximate nearest neighbor search for example, and (c) determining an action based on the identification of the media work determined. The media work may be an audio work. The features extracted from the work may include (A) a frequency decomposition of a signal of the audio work, (B) information samples of the audio work, (C) average intensities of sampled windows of the audio work, and/or (D) information from frequencies of the audio work.
摘要:
An electronic document, such as an image and a text file for example, may be associated with an action by (1) electronically extracting within a client device features from the electronic document work, (2) transmitting the extracted features from the client device to one or more servers, (3) receiving at the client device from the one or more servers an identification of the electronic document work based on the extracted features, wherein the identification is based on a sub-linear search (or wherein the identification is based on a non-exhaustive search identifying a neighbor), (4) electronically determining an action based on the identification of the electronic document work, and (5) electronically performing the action on the client device.
摘要:
Data is protected from unauthorized copying by rescrambling an unauthorized version of the data, but descrambling an authorized version of the data. This is done using a trigger signal. One property of the trigger signal is that it is preserved through signal transformations, such as one or more of compression, decompression, analog to digital conversion, and digital to analog conversion. As a result of this property the trigger signal can be detected in either scrambled or descrambled data. The trigger signal is embedded into the data to form watermarked data. The watermarked data is passed through a descrambler, where the trigger signal, if present, is extracted. A descrambling key and a descrambling algorithm are applied to the watermarked data if the trigger signal is present, but not applied to the watermarked data if the trigger signal is not present.
摘要:
A method for utilizing a title signal contained in digital data through a comparison of the title signal to a player signal stored in a player device. The method includes the steps of: downloading the digital data having the title signal via an Internet connection; possibly transferring the downloaded digital data to the player device; detecting, at the player device, the title signal in the data: comparing the title signal to the player signal stored at the player device; and performing an action based upon the comparison. In a preferred implementation of the present invention, the player device is a personal computer and the digital data is either image, video, audio or multimedia data or is an application program for running on the personal computer. Preferably, the player device is a personal computer. In other embodiments the title signal is contained in or part of an application program or is contained in data to be input into the application program.
摘要:
A method for detecting a watermark signal in digital image data. The detecting method includes the steps of: computing a log-polar Fourier transform of the image data to obtain a log-polar Fourier spectrum; projecting the log-polar Fourier spectrum down to a lower dimensional space to obtain an extracted signal; comparing the extracted signal to a target watermark signal; and declaring the presence or absence of the target watermark signal in the image data based on the comparison. Also provided is a method for inserting a watermark signal in digital image data to obtain a watermarked image. The inserting method includes the steps of: computing a log-polar Fourier transform of the image data to obtain a log-polar Fourier spectrum; projecting the log-polar Fourier spectrum down to a lower dimensional space to obtain an extracted signal; modifying the extracted signal such that it is similar to a target watermark; performing a one-to-many mapping of the modified signal back to log-polar Fourier transform space to obtain a set of watermarked coefficients; and performing an inverse log-polar Fourier transform on the set of watermarked coefficients to obtain a watermarked image.
摘要:
A watermarking procedure that is applicable to images, audio, video and multimedia data to be watermarked divides the data to be watermarked into a set of n×n blocks, such as the 8×8 blocks of MPEG. The same watermark signal can be distributed throughout the set of blocks in a large variety of ways. This allows the insertion algorithm to be changed without affecting the decoders. The decoding procedure first sums together the DCT coefficients of N sets of 8×8 blocks to form a set of N summed 8×8 blocks and then extracts the watermark from the summed block. Since the sum of the DCT blocks is equal to the DCT of the sum of the intensity blocks, efficient decoding can occur in both the spatial and frequency domains. The symmetric nature of the decoding process allows geometric distortions to be handled in the spatial domain and other signal distortions to be handled in the frequency domain. Moreover, insertion of a watermark signal into image data and the subsequent extraction of the watermark from watermarked image data which has been subject to distortion between the times of insertion and extraction involves the insertion of multiple watermarks designed to survive predefined distortions of the image data, such as panscan or letterbox mode transformations. Alternatively, a registration pattern in the image data, after the image data containing the registration pattern is subject to an unknown distortion, is used to compensate for distortion of the watermarked image data.
摘要:
Digital watermarking of audio, image, video or multimedia data is achieved by inserting the watermark into the perceptually significant components of a decomposition of the data in a manner so as to be visually imperceptible. In a preferred method, a frequency spectral image of the data, preferably a Fourier transform of the data, is obtained. A watermark is inserted into perceptually significant components of the frequency spectral image. The resultant watermarked spectral image is subjected to an inverse transform to produce watermarked data. The watermark is extracted from watermarked data by first comparing the watermarked data with the original data to obtain an extracted watermark. Then, the original watermark, original data and the extracted watermark are compared to generate a watermark which is analyzed for authenticity of the watermark.
摘要:
A computer-implemented process for determining a ranked set of solutions to a bipartite graph matching problem, such is involved in multi-target tracking, maximum flow matching, or data association in matching elements of a first set to elements of a second set to minimize the cost of the association. A feature of the process is a partitioning into subproblems such that the most probable solutions are in the smaller subproblems and the computation begins by solving the smallest subproblem in the search for the best solution.
摘要:
Dynamic histogram warping is performed on histograms extracted from an image pair of a scene. The warped histograms are remapped to the image pair and the resulting remapped image pair is subsequently subjected to image processing.
摘要:
A technique for compensating for egomotion of the camera used to record a pair of two-dimensional views of a scene when the pair of images is to be used to provide a three dimensional representation of the scene. The technique involves comparing histograms of the intensity levels of pixels of corresponding epipolar lines in the pair of images for assumed amounts of egomotion to identify the amount that results in the smallest total of the sums of squared differences of the histograms.