摘要:
A communication system has a primary radio station and a portable radio station. The primary radio station communicates with the portable radio station. The portable radio station is freely three-dimensionally orientable with respect to a fixed coordinate system. The portable radio station has a transceiver, a controllable antenna structure, and a beam directional controller for three-dimensionally controlling a beam radiated by the controllable antenna structure. The portable radio station further has a three-dimensional geometric sensor for three-dimensionally sensing a local magnetic field. The beam is controlled on the basis of the sensed local magnetic field. Beam control is such that, after an initial adjustment of the beam into a given direction with respect to a main axis of the portable radio station, the controllable antenna structure substantially retains the beam directed into the given direction, irrespective of a subsequent orientation of the portable radio station with respect to the fixed coordinate system.
摘要:
The invention discloses a flat elementary electrochemical cell including first and second electrode foils between which there are two layers of permeable separator material for an electrolyte under pressure. According to the invention, this cell includes a non-conductive fastening system of the electrode foil and layer(s) of separator material for pressing them together. The invention also discloses a precursor element for realizing one or various such cells and a flat accumulator element including at least one such cell.
摘要:
In the method and circuit for creating a modulated signal, one input signal of a phase comparator (509) of a phase-locked frequency synthesizer is an offset frequency (f.sub.2), which is created from an adjustable oscillator's (511) output signal (f.sub.TX) by mixing it with a mixer frequency (f.sub.1) and filtering the obtained result in a low pass filter (508). The other input signal is a fixed reference frequency (f.sub.r). The adjustable oscillator (511) is controlled with a control signal (V.sub.CMOD), which contains a component resulting from the phase difference of said input signals (f.sub.r, f.sub.2). Modulation is created in the output signal (f.sub.TX) of the loop by adding a frequency or phase change to at least one of the input signals (f.sub.r, f.sub.2) or their derivatives, advantageously with pulse delay technology.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for eliminating noise in a signal. The frequency band of the signal is divided into sub-bands, whereafter the useful value of the signal of each sub-band is determined by comparing the signal level to a reference level, in which case a constant signal of substantially the same level as the reference level is suppressed as noise and a varying signal, defined as a useful signal, is combined, unsuppressed, with the useful signals of the other sub-bands. The frequency band of the channel is divided into sub-bands by means of an all-pass filter construction. The method can be implemented using an analog or a digital filter construction.
摘要:
A universal wireless communication system comprising at least two wireless subsystems is proposed which is operated at the edge of spectral efficiency while at the same time allowing wireless communication stations to operate such that optimal power saving is obtained under acceptable transmission conditions. A radio base station of one of the subsystems measures whether a wireless communication station of another one of the subsystems causes adjacent channel interference in a channel its own subsystem. If so, the radio base station commands the wireless communication station of the other substation to adjust its spectral transmission characteristic such that the transmit spectrum becomes narrower. If no interference is detected the wireless communication station of the other subsystem is allowed to broaden its spectrum so that a less complex transmit signal processing, such as filtering, can be applied and thus power saving is achieved.
摘要:
Known is a radio communication device such as a GSM handset with receive-transmit antenna switching means such as a duplexer or a transmit receive switch. In GSM handsets it is highly desirable to save battery power as much as possible. To this end in the receive and transmit paths, the power supplied to components is switched off when functioning of such components is presently not needed. Proposed is a radio communication device in which the receive-transmit switch is a couple of electromechanical switches, preferably ultra-miniature Reed relays, of which the actuating coils are connected in series with at least one DC-supplied circuit of the receive path or transmit path.
摘要:
The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for generating two signals having a phase difference of approximately 90 degrees. The invention is preferably applied in the demodulator of a radio receiver. In order to shift the phase of a signal one idea of the invention is to use a distributed resistance/capacitance circuit or a distributed RC circuit (Z.sub.10, Z.sub.20) in connection with a signal amplifying means (A.sub.1, A.sub.2). The operation of the circuit is not frequency dependent and a circuit adjustment is not necessarily required in order to calibrate the phase difference, because the distributed RC circuit can provide an substantially constant phase shift of .+-.45 degrees over a wide frequency range. The whole circuit can be integrated into one component, because a distributed RC circuit is easily made on the same integrated circuit substrate as the amplifying means, and thus the circuits can be made into a small size and at low manufacturing costs.
摘要:
A low cost wireless multi-band communications device automatically adapts itself to a signal received from a particular system. On the basis of a bandwidth determination of the received signal, a sampling bandwidth and/or sampling time is selected and/or derived for down mixing the received signals. Improved noise immunity is provided via a band limiting of the sampling means. An adaptive filter is coupled to the output of the sampling means and is adjusted in to obtain a satisfactory level of adjacent channel interference rejection.
摘要:
A communication system has a network and a number of terminals. The network and the terminals have multi-rate speech encoders and decoders. Two terminals may communicate with each other through two-way voice communication where voice paths of the two-way voice communication are acoustically coupled to each other. The two terminals may also communicate through at least one non-acoustically coupled path. If the two terminals communicate through at least one non-acoustically coupled path, multi-rate encoders and decoders assigned to the non-acoustically coupled path operate at a lower bit rate than in a situation in which the two terminals operate through two-way voice. Whether a communication between the two terminals is through at least one non-acoustically coupled path is established a priori or dynamically.
摘要:
A base station, subscriber terminal, and data transmission method in a CDMA cellular radio network having in each cell at least one base station which communicates on a specified traffic channel with the terminal equipments (Mobile Station) located within its area, the signal of the users being divided in the method into bursts in the time domain. To achieve high traffic capacity together with high-quality connections, the base station monitors the load state of the traffic channel in the data transmission method of the invention and transmits information about the load state of the traffic channel to the terminal equipments. In the method, the number of the bursts transmitted between the terminal equipments and the base stations per time unit is controlled on the basis of the delay state of the bursts and the load state information computed at the base station.