摘要:
In a variable stroke internal combustion engine, by determining the relationships of a connecting point (D) between a first link (4) and second link (5) and a connecting point (B) between the second link (5) and a control link (12) with respect to a center (A) of a crankpin (9) to be such that ΔD
摘要:
An image formation method for forming an image is proposed, which uses an image formation apparatus capable of performing (1) multi-color image formation and printing by superimposing toner images with different colors by use of a plurality of color toners with different colors, including at least a black toner, and (2) monochrome image formation and printing, using only a black toner, with a maximum transferable amount of each color toner onto the image being in a range of 4×10−3 kg/m2 to 8×10−3 kg/m2, wherein an image glossiness (GKC) obtained by the black toner in the maximum transferable amount thereof at the multi-color image printing, an image glossiness (GCC) obtained by each of the color toners other than the black toner in the maximum transferable amount thereof at the multi-color image printing, and an image glossiness (GKM) obtained by the black toner in the maximum transferable amount thereof at the monochrome image printing satisfy a particular relationship as described in the specification. In addition, the above toners and a printed matter prepared by this image formation method are proposed.
摘要翻译:提出了一种用于形成图像的图像形成方法,其使用能够通过使用具有不同颜色的多个彩色调色剂叠加不同颜色的调色剂图像来执行(1)多色图像形成和打印的图像形成装置,包括 至少一个黑色调色剂,以及(2)仅使用黑色调色剂的单色图像形成和印刷,每个彩色调色剂的最大可转印量在图像上为4×10 -3 kg / m 2至8×10 -3 kg / m 2,其中通过黑色调色剂在多色图像印刷中的最大可转移量获得的图像光泽度(GKC),除黑色调色剂之外的每种颜色调色剂获得的图像光泽度(GCC)最大 在多色图像打印下的可转印量,以及在单色图像打印下通过黑色调色剂获得的最大可转移量获得的图像光泽度(GKM)满足特定关系,如 规格。 另外,提出了通过该图像形成方法制备的上述调色剂和印刷物。
摘要:
A control device of an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle includes lock-up control means for controlling a coupling state between input and output elements of a torque converter clutch. This control device is used with an engine, which includes an electronic throttle control device that electrically controls a throttle valve, accelerator position detecting means for detecting an accelerator pedal position, a cruise control device that controls an opening of the throttle valve to maintain a vehicle speed at a predetermined vehicle speed, for enabling constant-speed running of the vehicle, and target throttle opening setting means for calculating a pseudo accelerator pedal position, and setting a target throttle opening based on the pseudo accelerator pedal position, when the cruise control device is in operation. The lock-up control means receives information as to whether the cruise control device is in operation or not, controls the coupling state of the torque converter clutch based on the pseudo accelerator pedal position if the cruise control device is in operation, and controls the coupling state based on the accelerator pedal position detected by the accelerator position detecting means if the cruise control device is not in operation.
摘要:
A toner developing quantity detection unit operates a plurality of electrostatic recording units to transfer Y, M, C and K color component toner marks onto a belt. A toner developing quantity correction unit detects toner developing quantities per unit area of color toners on the basis of detection signals of the color component toner marks on the belt optically detected by a sensor. The toner developing quantity correction unit corrects the toner developing quantities so as to allow the toner consuming quantities of the plurality of electrostatic recording units to be substantially the same level, on the basis of the thus detected toner developing quantities.
摘要:
A mounting member fixed to an engine and a mounting member fixed to a vehicle body are interconnected by a hollow elastomeric block which has a variable-volume primary fluid chamber defined therein. A subsidiary fluid chamber having a diaphragm on a portion of an outer wall thereof communicates with the primary fluid chamber through two fluid passages. A movable plate forming a portion of the outer wall of the primary fluid chamber is connected to a voice coil motor, and by one example, is driven at the same phase as a vibration applied from the engine. During a normal traveling, both the fluid chambers communicate with each other through the fluid passage having a smaller length. During idling or during a low speed traveling, a switch-over valve is operated to permit both the fluid chamber to be put into communication with each other through the fluid passage having a larger length. With the above construction, it is possible to stably exhibit the performance of the vibration-isolating mount device in a wide frequency region.
摘要:
This invention relates to a fault diagnosis apparatus for a vehicle control system. The fault diagnosis apparatus is useful in diagnosing a fault of an electronic component mounted on a vehicle, especially when the fault has led to such a control as deteriorating exhaust gas. It is an object of this invention to minimize an increase in the manufacturing cost upon incorporation of such a fault diagnosis apparatus. According to this invention, the vehicle control system has an automatic transmission operation state detection sensor, an engine operation state detection sensor, an automatic transmission control unit and an engine control unit. For the diagnosis of a fault of at least one of the sensors and control units, the fault diagnosis apparatus comprises a fault determining unit, a code converter, a fault determining unit, a code converter, an ISO converter and a determining and diagnosing tester.
摘要:
In a method for forming a color image by using a contact type nonmagnetic one-component developing device, a flat sheet-like blade made of a metal flexible member and having a distal end thereof chamfered is used inside the developing device in combination with a toner having a glass transition point of 55 to 70° C. and a weight average particle diameter of 6.0 to 10.0 &mgr;m, and containing up to 20 number % of particles having particle diameters of 5 &mgr;m or below, as a developer. The developing device is simple in construction, can provide high image quality and can, moreover, provide a highly reliable image formation method.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an exposure unit forming a latent image using a light from a light source, a developing unit forming a toner image by visualizing the latent image using a toner, a detector outputting a detection signal by optically detecting an amount of toner of the toner image, a memory storing an optimum value of the detection signal output from the detector with respect to a light emission time of the light source, with respect to a plurality of light emission times of the light source to thereby store a plurality optimum values, and a control unit controlling the light emission time of the light source by calculating a light emission time corresponding to a value of the detection signal output from the detector based on the plurality of light emission times stored in the memory.
摘要:
A toner is disclosed wherein an aminium salt infrared light absorber and a positive charge control agent are used in combination while preventing a mutual reaction therebetween. In this toner, the physical contact of the aminium salt compound with the positive charge control agent is avoided (e.g., by separately adding them to respective two separated phases of a binder resin), or alternatively use is made of such a combination of compounds as will not cause a mutual reaction (e.g., a common anion is used).
摘要:
A valve operating system for an internal combustion engine, including a cam having an arcuate base circle portion with the center thereof being aligned with the rotational axis of the cam and a raised portion projecting radially outwardly from the base circle portion, a cam-side piston operatively connected to the cam, a valve-side piston operatively connected to an engine valve, a hydraulic pressure chamber between the cam-side piston and the valve-side piston, an oil pressure supply source connected to the chamber through a check valve, a hydraulic pressure releasing valve connected to the chamber, and a solenoid valve or the like for controlling the operation of the releasing valve. This solenoid valve or the like is arranged to open the releasing valve to release the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic pressure chamber in accordance with the operational position of the engine valve. This ensures complete seating of the engine valve and enables part of the working oil in the chamber to be periodically replaced to prevent excessive rise in oil temperature.