摘要:
The present invention discloses a film comprising at least a compound of germanium as a film structure capable of suppressing influence of electrification. It also discloses an electron beam system, particularly an image forming system, using a member having the film comprising at least a compound of germanium. It further discloses a manufacturing method of the image forming system.
摘要:
There are provided an electron beam device which has an atmospheric pressure-resistant member such as a spacer interposed between an electron source and a member to be irradiated with electrons, and can suppress charge on the member, a charging-suppressing member, and its producing method. An electron beam device having an electron source for emitting electrons, a member to be irradiated with the electrons, and a first member interposed between the electron source and the member to be irradiated is characterized in that the surface of the first member has a three-dimensional shape, and projecting portions of the three-dimensional shape form a network shape. In addition, an electron beam device having an electron source for emitting electrons, a member to be irradiated with the electrons, and a first member interposed between the electron source and the member to be irradiated is characterized in that the surface of the first member has a three-dimensional shape, and the three-dimensional shape has recessed portions continuously surrounded by projecting portions.
摘要:
A mesomorphic compound represented by a formula (I) containing a quinoline-2,6-diyl skeleton is suitable as a component for a liquid crystal composition providing improved response characteristics and a high contrast. A liquid crystal device is constituted by disposing the liquid crystal composition between a pair of electrode plates. The liquid crystal device may preferably be used as a display panel constituting a liquid crystal apparatus providing good display characteristics.
摘要:
A mesomorphic compound of the formula (I) according to claim 1 characterized by having at least one CF.sub.2 group between CH.sub.2 groups in a specific alkoxy alkyl terminal group is suitable as a component for a liquid crystal composition providing improved response characteristics and a high contrast. A liquid crystal device is constituted by disposing the liquid crystal composition between a pair of substrates. The liquid crystal device is used as a display panel constituting a liquid crystal apparatus providing good display characteristics.
摘要:
An optically inactive mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms or a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1-18 carbon atoms; and m is an integer of 2-18, is suitable as a component for a liquid crystal composition providing improved response characteristics and a high contrast. A liquid crystal device is constituted by disposing the liquid crystal composition between a pair of substrates. The liquid crystal device may preferably be used as a display panel constituting a liquid crystal apparatus providing good display characteristics.
摘要:
A mesomorphic compound of the formula (I) according to claim 1 characterized by having at least one cyclic group selected from .beta. class including, e.g., thiazole-2,5-diyl, benzoxazole-2,5-diyl, indan-2,5-diyl, and quinoxaline-2,6-diyl and also having a linkage of Y.sup.1 (CH.sub.2).sub.m Y.sup.2, where Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 are --CH.sub.2 --, --O--, --COO-- or --OCO-- and m is 1-16, is suitable as a component for a liquid crystal composition providing improved response characteristics. A liquid crystal device is constituted by disposing the liquid crystal composition between a pair of substrates. The liquid crystal device is used as a display panel constituting a liquid crystal apparatus providing good display characteristics.
摘要:
An electric power planning apparatus is provided. The apparatus has an initial plan creating section, a generation amount probability density distribution creating section, an economic load dispatch calculating section, and a display section. The initial plan creating section creates an initial plan based on a demand predicted value, a predicted value of a natural energy electric power source power generation output amount, and electric power source equipment data. The generation amount probability density distribution creating section creates a probability density distribution using fluctuation bands of the demand and of the natural energy electric power source power generation output amount. The economic load dispatch calculating section calculates an output allocation based on the initial plan and the probability density distribution to create a prediction distribution of a power generation output of the controllable electric power source. The display section displays the prediction distribution.
摘要:
An electric power planning apparatus is provided. The apparatus has an initial plan creating section, a generation amount probability density distribution creating section, an economic load dispatch calculating section, and a display section. The initial plan creating section creates an initial plan based on a demand predicted value, a predicted value of a natural energy electric power source power generation output amount, and electric power source equipment data. The generation amount probability density distribution creating section creates a probability density distribution using fluctuation bands of the demand and of the natural energy electric power source power generation output amount. The economic load dispatch calculating section calculates an output allocation based on the initial plan and the probability density distribution to create a prediction distribution of a power generation output of the controllable electric power source. The display section displays the prediction distribution.
摘要:
An electric-power-generation level predicting apparatus 1 includes a memory unit 20 that stores, as past data relating to a past electric power generation level of an electric power generator, past data containing information at multiple time points in each day, and an predicted-value calculating unit 13 that calculates, as time-series data containing an occurrence probability, an predicted value of the past data relating to an electric power generation level of the electric power generator based on a statistical correlation between different times in the past data or a statistical correlation between locations of the different electric power generators. The predicted-value calculating unit 13 includes a variance-covariance-matrix generator unit 131 that generates a variance-covariance matrix based on the past data, and a random-number generator unit 132 that generates a random number following the probability distribution based on the variance-covariance matrix.
摘要:
The invention provides a composition including a metal and a photosensitive component, wherein a film pattern formed by subjecting the composition to an exposure to light and a development has a water-repellent property and becomes an electrically resistant film upon baking.