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公开(公告)号：US5916505A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-29
申请号：US806785
申请日：1997-02-26
IPC分类号： B01D53/22 , B01D53/32 , B01F3/02 , B01J8/00 , B01J19/24 , C02F1/00 , C02F1/32 , C02F1/461 , C02F1/467 , C02F1/78 , C25B1/13 , C25B1/30 , C25B9/08 , C25B13/02 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10 , H01M8/18 , B29C43/00
CPC分类号： C25B1/30 , B01D53/22 , B01D53/326 , B01F3/022 , B01J19/2475 , B01J8/009 , C02F1/4618 , C02F1/4672 , C02F1/78 , C25B1/13 , C25B13/02 , C25B9/08 , H01M8/0289 , H01M8/1007 , H01M8/1023 , H01M8/1039 , H01M8/1065 , H01M8/1067 , B01J2208/00061 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00256 , B01J2208/00539 , B01J2208/00584 , B01J2219/00063 , B01J2219/00081 , B01J2219/00099 , B01J2219/00103 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00171 , C02F1/32 , C02F2001/46128 , C02F2001/46142 , C02F2001/46166 , C02F2101/30 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F2201/46195 , C02F2201/782 , C02F2303/04 , C02F2305/023 , H01M2300/0082 , H01M8/0202 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/186 , Y02C20/30 , Y02E60/528 , Y02P70/56
摘要： The invention provides in improved proton exchange membrane for use in electrochemical cells having internal passages parallel to the membrane surface, an apparatus and process for making the membrane, membrane and electrode assemblies fabricated using the membrane, and the application of the membrane and electrode assemblies to a variety of devices, both electrochemical and otherwise. The passages in the membrane extend from one edge of the membrane to another and allow fluid flow through the membrane and give access directly to the membrane for purposes of hydration.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了用于电化学电池的改进的质子交换膜，其具有平行于膜表面的内部通道，用于制造使用膜制造膜，膜和电极组件的装置和工艺，以及将膜和电极组件应用于 各种器件，电化学和其他。 膜中的通道从膜的一个边缘延伸到另一个边缘，并允许流体流过膜并且直接进入膜以获得水合的目的。
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2.发明授权Membrane with internal passages to permit fluid flow and an electrochemical cell containing the same 失效具有允许流体流动的内部通道的膜和包含该流体的电化学电池
公开(公告)号：US5635039A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-03
申请号：US344813
申请日：1994-11-23
IPC分类号： B01D53/22 , B01D53/32 , B01F3/02 , B01J8/00 , B01J19/24 , C02F1/00 , C02F1/32 , C02F1/461 , C02F1/467 , C02F1/78 , C25B1/13 , C25B1/30 , C25B9/08 , C25B13/02 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10 , H01M8/18 , C25B1/00
CPC分类号： C25B1/30 , B01D53/22 , B01D53/326 , B01F3/022 , B01J19/2475 , B01J8/009 , C02F1/4618 , C02F1/4672 , C02F1/78 , C25B1/13 , C25B13/02 , C25B9/08 , H01M8/0289 , H01M8/1007 , H01M8/1023 , H01M8/1039 , H01M8/1065 , H01M8/1067 , B01J2208/00061 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00256 , B01J2208/00539 , B01J2208/00584 , B01J2219/00063 , B01J2219/00081 , B01J2219/00099 , B01J2219/00103 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00171 , C02F1/32 , C02F2001/46128 , C02F2001/46142 , C02F2001/46166 , C02F2101/30 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F2201/46195 , C02F2201/782 , C02F2303/04 , C02F2305/023 , H01M2300/0082 , H01M8/0202 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/186 , Y02C20/30 , Y02E60/528 , Y02P70/56
摘要： The invention provides an improved proton exchange membrane for use in electrochemical cells having internal passages parallel to the membrane surface, an apparatus and process for making the membrane, membrane and electrode assemblies fabricated using the membrane, and the application of the membrane and electrode assemblies to a variety of devices, both electrochemical and otherwise. The passages in the membrane extend from one edge of the membrane to another and allow fluid flow through the membrane and give access directly to the membrane for purposes of hydration.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于电化学电池的改进的质子交换膜，其具有平行于膜表面的内部通道，用于制造使用膜制造膜，膜和电极组件的装置和方法，以及将膜和电极组件应用于 各种器件，电化学和其他。 膜中的通道从膜的一个边缘延伸到另一个边缘，并允许流体流过膜并且直接进入膜以获得水合的目的。
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06183623B2
公开(公告)日：2001-02-06
申请号：US09034527
申请日：1998-03-03
IPC分类号： C25B124
CPC分类号： C25B1/26 , B01D53/22 , B01D53/326 , B01F3/022 , B01J8/009 , B01J19/2475 , B01J2208/00061 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00256 , B01J2208/00539 , B01J2208/00584 , B01J2219/00063 , B01J2219/00081 , B01J2219/00099 , B01J2219/00103 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00171 , C02F1/32 , C02F1/4618 , C02F1/4672 , C02F1/78 , C02F2001/46128 , C02F2001/46142 , C02F2001/46166 , C02F2101/12 , C02F2101/30 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F2201/782 , C02F2303/04 , C02F2305/023 , C25B1/24 , C25B9/08 , C25B9/206 , H01M4/8605 , H01M4/9083 , H01M4/92 , H01M8/0202 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/1007 , H01M8/186 , H01M2300/0082 , Y02E60/528 , Y02P70/56
摘要： The invention relates to a process for electrochemically converting anhydrous hydrogen halide, such as hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide, to essentially dry halogen gas, such as chlorine, fluorine, bromine and iodine gas, respectively. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for electrochemically converting anhydrous hydrogen chloride to essentially dry chlorine gas. This process allows the production of high-purity chlorine gas. In this process, molecules of essentially anhydrous hydrogen chloride are transported through an inlet of an electrochemical cell. The molecules of the essentially anhydrous hydrogen chloride are oxidized at the anode of the cell to produce essentially dry chlorine gas and protons, which are transported through the membrane of the cell. The transported protons are reduced at the cathode to form either hydrogen gas, water or hydrogen peroxide.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种将无水卤化氢如氯化氢，氟化氢，溴化氢和碘化氢电化学转化成基本上干燥的卤素气体如氯，氟，溴和碘气的方法。 在优选的实施方案中，本发明涉及将无水氯化氢电化学转化为基本上干氯气的方法。 这个过程允许生产高纯度氯气。 在该过程中，基本上无水氯化氢的分子通过电化学电池的入口输送。 基本上无水氯化氢的分子在电池的阳极被氧化，以产生基本上干的氯气和质子，其被输送通过电池的膜。 输送的质子在阴极处还原，形成氢气，水或过氧化氢。
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公开(公告)号：US6149810A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-21
申请号：US9061
申请日：1998-01-20
申请人： Anuncia Gonzalez-Martin , Carlos E. Salinas , Alan J. Cisar , G. Duncan Hitchens , Oliver J. Murphy
发明人： Anuncia Gonzalez-Martin , Carlos E. Salinas , Alan J. Cisar , G. Duncan Hitchens , Oliver J. Murphy
IPC分类号： B01D53/22 , B01D53/32 , B01F3/02 , B01J8/00 , B01J19/24 , C02F1/461 , C02F1/467 , C02F1/78 , C25B1/13 , C25B9/08 , C25B13/02 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10 , H01M8/18 , B01D69/06 , B01D71/40
CPC分类号： H01M8/1065 , B01D53/22 , B01D53/326 , B01F3/022 , B01J19/2475 , B01J8/009 , C02F1/4618 , C02F1/4672 , C02F1/78 , C25B1/13 , C25B13/02 , C25B9/08 , H01M8/1007 , H01M8/1023 , H01M8/1039 , B01J2219/00162 , C02F2001/46128 , C02F2001/46142 , C02F2001/46166 , C02F2101/30 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F2201/46195 , C02F2201/782 , C02F2303/04 , H01M2300/0082 , H01M8/0202 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/186 , Y02C20/30 , Y02E60/528 , Y02P70/56
摘要： The invention provides an improved proton exchange membrane for use in electrochemical cells having internal passages parallel to the membrane surface comprising permanent tubes preferably placed at the ends of the fluid passages. The invention also provides an apparatus and process for making the membrane, membrane and electrode assemblies fabricated using the membrane, and the application of the membrane and electrode assemblies to a variety of devices, both electrochemical and otherwise. The passages in the membrane extend from one edge of the membrane to another and allow fluid flow through the membrane and give access directly to the membrane.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于电化学电池的改进的质子交换膜，其具有平行于膜表面的内部通道，其包括优选放置在流体通道端部的永久管。 本发明还提供了一种用于制造使用膜制造的膜，膜和电极组件的装置和方法，以及将膜和电极组件应用于电化学和其它装置的各种装置。 膜中的通道从膜的一个边缘延伸到另一个边缘，并允许流体流过膜并且允许直接进入膜。
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公开(公告)号：US5996976A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-07
申请号：US641210
申请日：1996-04-30
IPC分类号： B01D53/22 , B01D53/32 , B01F3/02 , B01J8/00 , B01J19/24 , C02F1/00 , C02F1/461 , C25B1/13 , C25B9/08 , C25B13/02 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10 , H01M8/18 , B01F3/04
CPC分类号： C25B1/13 , B01D53/22 , B01D53/326 , B01F3/022 , B01J19/2475 , B01J8/009 , C02F1/4618 , C25B13/02 , C25B9/08 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/1007 , H01M8/1023 , H01M8/1039 , H01M8/1065 , B01J2208/00061 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00256 , B01J2208/00539 , B01J2208/00584 , B01J2219/00058 , B01J2219/00063 , B01J2219/00067 , B01J2219/00069 , B01J2219/00081 , B01J2219/00099 , B01J2219/00103 , B01J2219/00135 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00171 , B01J2219/00184 , C02F2001/46142 , C02F2101/30 , C02F2303/04 , C02F2305/023 , H01M2300/0082 , H01M8/0202 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/186 , Y02C20/30 , Y02E60/528
摘要： The present invention provides a gas humidifier for the humidification of reactant gases supplied to electrochemical devices such as electrolyzers and fuel cells. The humidifier provides a water permeable member, such as a polymer membrane in the form of a tube, sheet, tubulated sheet and the like, that can be saturated with water to allow evaporation of water into a gas stream passing over a water permeable member. The humidifier is compact and lightweight, yet provides efficient humidification of gases at flow rates as low as about 0.1 grams per minute of water.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种用于加湿供应到电化学装置如电解槽和燃料电池的反应气体的气体加湿器。 加湿器提供可渗透的构件，例如管，片，管状片等形式的聚合物膜，其可以被水饱和，以允许水蒸发成通过透水构件的气流。 加湿器结构紧凑，重量轻，而且以低于每分钟0.1克/分钟的流速提供有效的气体加湿。
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公开(公告)号：US5961796A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-05
申请号：US868617
申请日：1997-06-03
申请人： G. Duncan Hitchens , Shivaun Archer , Charles L. Tennakoon , Anuncia Gonzalez-Martin , Alan J. Cisar
发明人： G. Duncan Hitchens , Shivaun Archer , Charles L. Tennakoon , Anuncia Gonzalez-Martin , Alan J. Cisar
CPC分类号： H01M8/1088 , B01D61/445 , B01D61/52 , C08J5/2275 , H01M8/1023 , H01M8/1039 , H01M8/106 , H01M8/1072 , C08J2323/12 , H01M2300/0082 , Y02P70/56
摘要： The present invention provides a bipolar membrane and methods for making and using the membrane. The bipolar membrane comprises a cation-selective region, an anion-selective region, an interfacial region between the anion-selective region and the cation-selective region, and means for delivering fluid directly into the interfacial region. The means for delivering fluid includes passages that may comprise a fluid-permeable material, a wicking material, an open passage disposed within the membrane or some combination thereof. The passages may be provided in many shapes, sizes and configurations, but preferably deliver fluid directly to the interfacial region so that the rate of electrodialysis is no longer limited by the diffusion of fluid through the cation- or anion-selective regions to the interfacial region.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种双极膜及其制造和使用方法。 双极膜包括阳离子选择性区域，阴离子选择性区域，阴离子选择区域和阳离子选择性区域之间的界面区域，以及用于将流体直接输送到界面区域的装置。 用于输送流体的装置包括可包括流体可渗透材料，芯吸材料，设置在膜内的开放通道或其某些组合的通道。 通道可以以许多形状，尺寸和构型提供，但优选将流体直接输送到界面区域，使得电渗析的速率不再受流体通过阳离子或阴离子选择性区域扩散到界面区域的限制 。
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7.发明授权Photocatalytic oxidation of organics using a porous titanium dioxide membrane and an efficient oxidant 失效使用多孔二氧化钛膜和有效的氧化剂对有机物进行光催化氧化
公开(公告)号：US5779912A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-14
申请号：US791599
申请日：1997-01-31
IPC分类号： B01D53/86 , B01J8/00 , B01J19/12 , B01J19/24 , B01J35/00 , C01B3/38 , C02F1/30 , C02F1/32 , C02F1/467 , C02F1/72 , C02F1/78
CPC分类号： C02F1/325 , B01D53/864 , B01D53/8668 , B01J19/123 , B01J19/127 , B01J19/2415 , B01J19/2475 , B01J35/002 , B01J35/004 , B01J8/009 , C01B3/38 , C02F1/725 , B01D2251/104 , B01D2251/106 , B01D2255/20707 , B01J2219/00067 , B01J2219/00144 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00164 , B01J2219/0883 , C02F1/4672 , C02F1/722 , C02F1/78 , C02F2101/303 , C02F2101/322 , C02F2101/363 , C02F2201/009 , C02F2201/3223 , C02F2201/328 , C02F2305/10 , Y02P20/52 , Y02W10/37
摘要： A method and apparatus for mineralizing organic contaminants in water or air provides photochemical oxidation in a unique two-phase or three-phase boundary system formed in each pore of a TiO.sub.2 membrane in a photocatalytic reactor. In the three-phase system, gaseous oxidant, liquid contaminant, and solid semiconductor photocatalyst meet and engage in an efficient oxidation reaction. The porous membrane has pores which have a region wherein the meniscus of the liquid varies from the molecular diameter of water to that o f a capillary tube resulting in a diffusion layer that is several orders of magnitude smaller than the closest known reactors. The photocatalytic reactor operates effectively at ambient temperature and low pressures.
摘要翻译： 用于矿化水或空气中的有机污染物的方法和装置在光催化反应器中在TiO 2膜的每个孔中形成的独特的两相或三相边界系统中提供光化学氧化。 在三相系统中，气态氧化剂，液体污染物和固体半导体光催化剂相遇并进行有效的氧化反应。 多孔膜具有其中液体的弯液面从毛细管的分子直径到毛细管的弯曲面的区域的孔，导致扩散层比最近的已知反应器小几个数量级。 光催化反应器在环境温度和低压下有效运行。
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公开(公告)号：US20090010801A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-08
申请号：US12120779
申请日：2008-05-15
CPC分类号： F24F3/166 , B01D46/0028 , B01D46/0032 , B01D46/10 , B01D53/70 , B01D2251/102 , B01D2251/104 , B01D2251/106 , B01D2255/102 , B01D2255/106 , B01D2255/20715 , B01D2255/20723 , B01D2255/20769 , B01D2255/20776 , B01D2255/802 , B01D2257/708 , B01D2257/90 , B01D2259/40 , B01D2279/65 , B03C3/016 , B03C3/017 , B03C3/08 , B03C3/09 , F24F2003/1635 , F24F2003/1667 , Y02A50/21 , Y02A50/2357
摘要： Apparatus and method for cleaning air. An air cleaner includes a housing that defines an airflow pathway and a catalytic reactor having a catalyst secured on a porous substrate that is disposed transverse to the airflow pathway. Preferably, the catalyst includes a light activated oxidizing photocatalyst or a thermally activated oxidizing catalyst. A photocatalytic reactor will include a light source directed at a light activated oxidizing photocatalyst, such as TiO2 particles or a binary oxide particle species, which is disposed on the porous substrate. Most preferably, a metal catalyst is disposed on the photocatalyst particles at a concentration or loading between about 0.01 wt % and about 5 wt %. The air cleaner may further comprise an adsorption matrix upstream of the catalytic reactor, optionally in combination with a heater. A particulate filter and/or an electrostatic precipitator may also be disposed upstream of the adsorption matrix and the catalytic reactor.
摘要翻译： 清洁空气的设备和方法 空气净化器包括限定气流通道的壳体和具有固定在多孔基材上的催化剂的催化反应器，所述催化剂反应器横向于气流通道设置在多孔基材上。 优选地，催化剂包括光活化氧化光催化剂或热活化氧化催化剂。 光催化反应器将包括定向在多孔基材上的光活化氧化光催化剂如TiO 2颗粒或二元氧化物颗粒物质的光源。 最优选地，金属催化剂以约0.01重量％至约5重量％的浓度或负载量设置在光催化剂颗粒上。 空气净化器还可以包括在催化反应器上游的吸附基质，任选地与加热器组合。 颗粒过滤器和/或静电除尘器也可以设置在吸附基质和催化反应器的上游。
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9.发明授权Enhanced photocatalytic conversion of methane to methanol using a porous semiconductor membrane 失效使用多孔半导体膜增强甲烷对甲醇的光催化转化
公开(公告)号：US6156211A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-05
申请号：US115040
申请日：1998-07-14
IPC分类号： B01D53/86 , B01J8/00 , B01J19/12 , B01J19/24 , B01J35/00 , C01B3/38 , C02F1/30 , C02F1/32 , C02F1/467 , C02F1/72 , C02F1/78 , C07C29/48
CPC分类号： B01D53/864 , B01D53/8668 , B01J19/123 , B01J19/127 , B01J19/2415 , B01J19/2475 , B01J35/002 , B01J35/004 , B01J8/009 , C01B3/38 , C02F1/325 , C02F1/725 , B01D2251/104 , B01D2251/106 , B01D2255/20707 , B01J2219/00067 , B01J2219/00144 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00164 , B01J2219/0883 , C02F1/4672 , C02F1/722 , C02F1/78 , C02F2101/303 , C02F2101/322 , C02F2101/363 , C02F2201/009 , C02F2201/3223 , C02F2201/328 , C02F2305/10 , Y02P20/52 , Y02W10/37
摘要： A method and apparatus for the conversion of methane in solution or gas provides photochemical conversion in a unique two-phase or three-phase boundary system formed in each pore of a semiconductor membrane in a photocatalytic reactor. In a three-phase system, gaseous oxidant, methane contained in a liquid, and solid semiconductor photocatalyst having a metal catalyst disposed thereon meet and engage in an efficient conversion reaction. The porous membrane has pores which have a region wherein the meniscus of the liquid varies from the molecular diameter of water to that of a capillary tube resulting in a diffusion layer that is several orders of magnitude smaller than the closest known reactors.
摘要翻译： 用于在溶液或气体中转化甲烷的方法和装置在光催化反应器中在半导体膜的每个孔中形成的独特的两相或三相边界系统中提供光化学转化。 在三相系统中，气态氧化剂，液体中含有的甲烷以及其上设置有金属催化剂的固态半导体光催化剂满足并参与有效的转化反应。 多孔膜具有这样的孔，其中液体的弯月面从水的分子直径变化到毛细管的弯液面，导致比最近的已知反应器小几个数量级的扩散层。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6136186A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-24
申请号：US115358
申请日：1998-07-14
IPC分类号： B01D53/86 , B01J8/00 , B01J19/12 , B01J19/24 , B01J35/00 , C01B3/38 , C02F1/30 , C02F1/32 , C02F1/467 , C02F1/72 , C02F1/78 , B01J19/08
CPC分类号： B01J19/2415 , B01D53/864 , B01D53/8668 , B01J19/123 , B01J19/127 , B01J19/2475 , B01J35/002 , B01J35/004 , B01J8/009 , C01B3/38 , C02F1/325 , C02F1/725 , B01D2251/104 , B01D2251/106 , B01D2255/20707 , B01J2219/00067 , B01J2219/00144 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00164 , B01J2219/0883 , C02F1/4672 , C02F1/722 , C02F1/78 , C02F2101/303 , C02F2101/322 , C02F2101/363 , C02F2201/009 , C02F2201/3223 , C02F2201/328 , C02F2305/10 , Y02P20/52 , Y02W10/37 , Y10S210/908
摘要： A method and apparatus for mineralizing organic contaminants in water or air provides photochemical oxidation in a two-phase or three-phase boundary system formed in the pores of a TiO.sub.2 membrane in a photocatalytic reactor. In the three-phase system, gaseous (liquid) oxidant, liquid (gaseous) contaminant, and solid semiconductor photocatalyst meet and engage in an efficient oxidation reaction. The porous membrane has pores which have a region wherein the meniscus of the liquid varies from the molecular diameter of water to that of a capillary tube resulting in a diffusion layer that is several orders of magnitude smaller than the closest known reactors. The photocatalytic reactor operates effectively at ambient temperature and low pressures. A packed-bed photoreactor using photocatalyst coated particles is also provided.
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