公开(公告)号：US6049762A

公开(公告)日：2000-04-11

申请号：US993482

申请日：1997-12-18

申请人： Alan M. Ganz ,  Yongdong Wang ,  David H. Tracy ,  Robert A. Hoult ,  Jerry E. Cahill ,  David A. Huppler

发明人： Alan M. Ganz ,  Yongdong Wang ,  David H. Tracy ,  Robert A. Hoult ,  Jerry E. Cahill ,  David A. Huppler

IPC分类号： G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01R35/00

CPC分类号： G01J3/453 ,  G01J2003/2866

摘要： Standardization is achieved for FTIR spectrometric instruments that effect an intrinsic distortion in spectral information, the distortion being associated with an aperture size. An idealized function of spectral line shape is specified. With a small calibration aperture, spectral data is obtained for a basic sample having known "true" spectral data, and standard spectral data also is obtained for a standard sample. With a larger, normal sized aperture, standard spectral data is obtained again for the calibration sample. A transformation factor, that is a function of this data and the standardized function, is applied to spectral data for test samples to effect standardized information. In another embodiment, the standard sample has known true spectral data, and the basic sample is omitted. In either case, the transformation factor is applied to the sample data in logarithm form, the antilogarithm of the result effects the standardized information.

摘要翻译： 对于影响光谱信息中的固有失真的FTIR光谱仪器实现标准化，失真与孔径尺寸相关联。 规定了光谱线形状的理想化功能。 使用小的校准孔径，获得具有已知“真实”光谱数据的基本样品的光谱数据，并且还为标准样品获得标准光谱数据。 对于较大的正常尺寸的孔径，再次为校准样品获得标准光谱数据。 作为该数据和标准化函数的函数的变换因子被应用于测试样本的光谱数据以实现标准化信息。 在另一个实施例中，标准样品具有已知的真实光谱数据，并省略了基本样品。 在任一种情况下，转换因子以对数形式应用于样本数据，结果的反对数效应影响标准化信息。

公开(公告)号：US06029115A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-22

申请号：US940575

申请日：1997-09-30

申请人： David H. Tracy ,  Alan M. Ganz ,  Yongdong Wang ,  David A. Huppler ,  Juan C. Ivaldi ,  Christopher B. Hanna

发明人： David H. Tracy ,  Alan M. Ganz ,  Yongdong Wang ,  David A. Huppler ,  Juan C. Ivaldi ,  Christopher B. Hanna

IPC分类号： G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/73 ,  G01R35/00

CPC分类号： G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01J2003/2866

摘要： A spectrometric instrument includes a detector with detecting subarrays on small portions of the surface. Spectral data are acquired for selected subarrays at a first time for a drift standard, and compared to a zero position to obtain first offset data. Data are acquired similarly at a second time to obtain second offset data. The offset data are utilized to obtain a spectral shift for any subarray position at any selected time. The shift is applied to a matrix model used for converting test data to compositional information. Archive data for the model is obtained in the foregoing manner, using slit scanning in the instrument to achieve sub-increments smaller than the detector pixel size, with a procedure to assure that there is an integral number of scanning steps across one pixel. The drift standard may be chemical analytes, or an optical interference element producing fringes related to spectral positions in each subarray. A procedure is used to identify the fringe peaks to spectral position, with temperature correction.

摘要翻译： 光谱测量仪器包括一个检测器，在表面的小部分具有检测子阵列。 针对漂移标准在第一时间针对所选择的子阵列采集光谱数据，并与零位置进行比较以获得第一偏移数据。 在第二时间类似地获取数据以获得第二偏移数据。 偏移数据用于在任何选定的时间获得任何子阵列位置的光谱偏移。 该转移被应用于用于将测试数据转换成组合信息的矩阵模型。 以上述方式获得用于模型的存档数据，使用仪器中的狭缝扫描来实现小于检测器像素尺寸的次增量，以确保跨越一个像素存在整数个扫描步骤的过程。 漂移标准可以是化学分析物，或者产生与每个子阵列中的光谱位置相关的条纹的光学干涉元件。 使用一个程序来确定边缘峰到光谱位置，并进行温度校正。

公开(公告)号：US6138082A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-24

申请号：US993483

申请日：1997-12-18

申请人： Yongdong Wang ,  Alan M. Ganz ,  David H. Tracy ,  David A. Huppler ,  John P. Coates

发明人： Yongdong Wang ,  Alan M. Ganz ,  David H. Tracy ,  David A. Huppler ,  John P. Coates

IPC分类号： G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/45 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N30/62 ,  G01N30/74 ,  G01N30/86 ,  G01R35/00

CPC分类号： G01J3/28 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N30/62 ,  G01N2030/626 ,  G01N2030/743

摘要： For conversion of spectral information of an FTIR spectrometric instrument for comparison with that of a dispersion instrument, a first standard function is selected for spectral line shape for the first instrument, and a second standard function for line shape is selected for the second instrument. A conversion factor is computed for converting the first standard function to the second standard function. In ordinary operations, first spectral information is obtained with the first instrument for a first sample, and second spectral information is obtained with the second instrument for a second sample. The conversion factor is applied to the first spectral information to effect converted information, and the converted information is compared with the second spectral information. Such conversion also is applied between chromatographic instruments.

摘要翻译： 为了将FTIR光谱仪的光谱信息转换成与分散仪器相比较的光谱信息，为第一仪器的谱线形状选择第一标准函数，为第二仪器选择线形的第二标准函数。 计算用于将第一标准函数转换为第二标准函数的转换因子。 在普通操作中，用第一样品的第一仪器获得第一光谱信息，并且用第二样品的第二仪器获得第二光谱信息。 将转换因子应用于第一光谱信息以实现转换的信息，并将转换的信息与第二光谱信息进行比较。 这种转化也适用于色谱仪器。

公开(公告)号：US5428558A

公开(公告)日：1995-06-27

申请号：US168800

申请日：1993-12-17

申请人： Jerry E. Cahill ,  Alan M. Ganz ,  Paul Saviano ,  David Tracy ,  Yongdong Wang

发明人： Jerry E. Cahill ,  Alan M. Ganz ,  Paul Saviano ,  David Tracy ,  Yongdong Wang

IPC分类号： G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01D18/00

CPC分类号： G01J3/28 ,  G01J2003/2866

摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for correction of spectra for stray radiation in a spectrometric instrument, involving a sequence of steps as follows. Spectral patterns are obtained with the instrument initially for monochromatic radiation at a plurality of selected calibration wavelengths. By computer program, the peak profile at the calibration wavelength in each pattern is replaced with a substitute based on the remaining pattern. The resulting data are interpolated to effect values denoted "stray proportions" for the ordered wavelengths of the instrument. Spectral data at each ordered wavelength are obtained with the instrument for a sample, and multiplied in the computer program by stray proportions for corresponding wavelengths to effect further sets of values denoted "stray portions" that are identified to the ordered wavelengths. Each set is identified to one of the wavelength increments of the instrument across the spectral range. In each set, the stray portions for the ordered wavelengths are summed. The total for each wavelength increment is subtracted from the original sample data for the increment to effect spectral data corrected for stray.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于校正光谱仪器中杂散辐射的光谱的方法和装置，涉及如下的一系列步骤。 在多个选定的校准波长下，仪器最初用于单色辐射获得光谱图案。 通过计算机程序，每个模式中校准波长处的峰值曲线被替换为基于剩余模式的替代。 内插所得数据以对仪器的有序波长表示为“杂散比”的值。 用样品的仪器获得每个有序波长的光谱数据，并在计算机程序中乘以相应波长的杂散比例，以实现被标识为有序波长的标记为“杂散部分”的另外一组值。 每个组被识别为跨越光谱范围的仪器的波长增量之一。 在每组中，将有序波长的杂散部分相加。 从原始采样数据中减去每个波长增量的总和，以增加修正为杂散的光谱数据。

公开(公告)号：US5303165A

公开(公告)日：1994-04-12

申请号：US834448

申请日：1992-02-12

申请人： Alan M. Ganz ,  David H. Tracy ,  Robert A. Hoult

发明人： Alan M. Ganz ,  David H. Tracy ,  Robert A. Hoult

IPC分类号： G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G02B5/28 ,  G01R35/00 ,  G01J3/42

CPC分类号： G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J2003/2866

摘要： A spectrometric instrument which exhibits an intrinsic profile for a sharp spectral line produces profile data for narrow spectral lines. The spectral lines are effected with a high finesse etalon of gold coated polymer. A transformation filter is computed for transforming the profile data to a gaussian profile. A wavelength calibration is combined with the filter to effect a correction matrix which is applied to sample data to generate calibrated standardized data. Iteratively a correction matrix is applied to calibration data to generate standardized calibration data which is utilized for the wavelength calibration. Calibration is effected with an optical standard, an interference etalon and a fringe formula. Etalon effective thickness is first estimated and then precisely determined so that fringe peaks calibrate wavelength.

摘要翻译： 显示锋利光谱线的固有分布的光谱仪可以产生窄谱线的谱图数据。 光谱线用金涂层聚合物的高精密标准具实现。 计算转换滤波器以将简档数据变换为高斯分布。 波长校准与滤波器组合以实现校正矩阵，其被应用于采样数据以产生校准的标准化数据。 迭代地将校正矩阵应用于校准数据以产生用于波长校准的标准化校准数据。 用光学标准，干涉标准具和边缘公式进行校准。 首先估计Etalon有效厚度，然后精确确定边缘峰值校准波长。

公开(公告)号：US06430513B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-06

申请号：US09479642

申请日：2000-01-07

申请人： Yongdong Wang ,  David H. Tracy ,  Paul G. Saviano ,  Alan M. Ganz ,  Koichi Nishikida ,  Gitesh Kumar

发明人： Yongdong Wang ,  David H. Tracy ,  Paul G. Saviano ,  Alan M. Ganz ,  Koichi Nishikida ,  Gitesh Kumar

IPC分类号： G01N3100

CPC分类号： A61B5/6814 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  A61B5/14553 ,  G01N21/49

摘要： Constituents such as oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin are monitored non-invasively in an animal organ such as a brain with a spectrometric instrument by passing radiation through the organ. Concentrations are computed from the spectral intensities and from a statistical correlation model. To predetermine the correlation model, the procedures are effected for a plurality of organs of a same type with each organ having established concentrations of the selected constituents, and the correlation model is statistically determined from the concentrations and corresponding intensities. For more accuracy computations are normalized to path length which may be determined by utilizing several discrete wavelengths with RF modulations.

摘要翻译： 通过使辐射通过器官，通过光谱仪器在诸如脑的动物器官中非侵入性地监测诸如氧和血红蛋白的成分。 浓度从光谱强度和统计相关模型计算。 为了预先确定相关模型，对于具有确定的所选组分浓度的每个器官，对于多个相同类型的器官进行该程序，并且根据浓度和相应的强度统计地确定相关模型。 为了更准确的计算，归一化到可以通过利用具有RF调制的几个离散波长来确定的路径长度。

公开(公告)号：US5928907A

公开(公告)日：1999-07-27

申请号：US752973

申请日：1996-12-02

申请人： Timothy M. Woudenberg ,  Kevin S. Bodner ,  Charles R. Connell ,  Alan M. Ganz ,  Lincoln J. McBride ,  Paul G. Saviano ,  John Shigeura ,  David H. Tracy ,  Eugene F. Young ,  Linda G. Lee

发明人： Timothy M. Woudenberg ,  Kevin S. Bodner ,  Charles R. Connell ,  Alan M. Ganz ,  Lincoln J. McBride ,  Paul G. Saviano ,  John Shigeura ,  David H. Tracy ,  Eugene F. Young ,  Linda G. Lee

IPC分类号： C12N15/09 ,  C12P19/34 ,  C12Q1/68 ,  G01N21/03 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/75 ,  G01N21/78 ,  G01N33/50 ,  G01N33/58

CPC分类号： G01N21/6428 ,  C12Q1/6818 ,  C12Q1/6851 ,  C12Q1/686 ,  G01N21/0303 ,  G01N2021/6484

摘要： A system is provided for carrying out real time fluorescence-based measurements of nucleic acid amplification products. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, an excitation beam is focused into a reaction mixture through a surface, the reaction mixture containing (i) a first fluorescent indicator capable of generating a first fluorescent signal whose intensity is proportional to the amount of an amplification product in the volume of the reaction mixture illuminated by the excitation beam and (ii) a second fluorescent indicator homogeneously distributed throughout the reaction mixture capable of generating a second fluorescent signal proportional to the volume of reaction mixture illuminated by the excitation beam. Preferably, the excitation beam is focused into the reaction mixture by a lens through a portion of a wall of a closed reaction chamber containing the reaction mixture. The same lens is used to collect the first and second fluorescent signals generated by the first and second fluorescent indicators, respectively, in response to the excitation beam. The ratio of the fluorescent intensities of the first and second fluorescent signals provides a stable quantitative indicator of the amount of amplification product synthesized in the course of the amplification reaction.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于进行核酸扩增产物的实时基于荧光的测量的系统。 在本发明的优选实施方案中，激发光束通过表面聚焦到反应混合物中，反应混合物含有（i）第一荧光指示剂，其能够产生第一荧光信号，其强度与扩增产物的量成比例 在由激发束照射的反应混合物的体积中和（ii）均匀分布在整个反应混合物中的第二荧光指示器，其能够产生与由激发束照射的反应混合物的体积成比例的第二荧光信号。 优选地，激发光束通过透镜通过包含反应混合物的封闭反应室的壁的一部分聚焦到反应混合物中。 相同的透镜被用于响应于激发光束分别收集由第一和第二荧光指示器产生的第一和第二荧光信号。 第一和第二荧光信号的荧光强度比提供了在扩增反应过程中合成的扩增产物的量的稳定的定量指标。

公开(公告)号：US5229838A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-20

申请号：US823631

申请日：1992-01-21

申请人： Alan M. Ganz ,  David H. Tracy

发明人： Alan M. Ganz ,  David H. Tracy

IPC分类号： G01J1/00 ,  G01J1/08 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01M11/00 ,  G01N21/27

CPC分类号： G01J1/08 ,  G01N21/274

摘要： To calibrate a photodetector, a rotating disk with a slot is disposed in a light beam with decreasing speed from a defined maximum rotational speed to a defined minimum speed, while magnitudes and times of signals are read out and stored. Vernier pairs of signals occur in adjacent readout intervals, and non-vernier signals exclude the verniers. Readout times for verniers are used to estimate a preliminary function of rotations versus time. From the function are estimated an occurrence time for each pair and period of disk rotation at the time. Vernier fraction is the ratio of one signal in the pair to the sum of the pair. A time offset is the product of vernier fraction, slot fraction of the disk and the estimated period. Occurrence times corrected with the time offset are utilized to fit a corrected function of disk rotations versus time. Points of time for the non-vernier signals are determined from the corrected function, each point corresponding to disk rotations to a corresponding non-vernier signal. These points of time are employed with corresponding signals for linearly calibrating the photodetector.

公开(公告)号：US20130041479A1

公开(公告)日：2013-02-14

申请号：US13225395

申请日：2011-09-02

申请人： Shuo Zhang ,  Chandra Sekhar Inturi ,  Christopher LaBello ,  Alan M. Ganz

发明人： Shuo Zhang ,  Chandra Sekhar Inturi ,  Christopher LaBello ,  Alan M. Ganz

IPC分类号： G05B15/02

CPC分类号： G05B19/056 ,  G05B2219/31334 ,  Y02P90/16 ,  Y02P90/185

摘要： A computerized method of offering a comprehensive control system for varied kinds of manufactures, including: providing a computer graphical user interface having the static model of hardware systems, information and status of the control system and context of the automation procedure commands; providing a hardware database containing 1) port database including all ports of a controller connecting to devices, 2) a device database including information, operation methods, events of all devices connected to the controller, 3) a system database including information and configuration of all systems that controller controls; providing a dictionary containing word pairs that define operations and status of every device; providing a background worker responsible for refreshing data from port database. Computer systems configured to perform the method.

摘要翻译： 提供一种用于各种制造商的综合控制系统的计算机化方法，包括：提供具有硬件系统的静态模型，控制系统的信息和状态以及自动化过程命令的上下文的计算机图形用户界面; 提供硬件数据库，其中包含1）端口数据库，包括连接到设备的控制器的所有端口; 2）设备数据库，包括与控制器连接的所有设备的信息，操作方法，事件; 3）系统数据库，包括所有信息和配置 控制器控制的系统; 提供一个包含用于定义每个设备的操作和状态的字对的字典; 提供负责从端口数据库刷新数据的后台工作人员。 配置为执行该方法的计算机系统。

公开(公告)号：US20080147339A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-19

申请号：US12037070

申请日：2008-02-25

申请人： Alan M. Ganz ,  Henry C. Weber

发明人： Alan M. Ganz ,  Henry C. Weber

IPC分类号： G06F19/00

CPC分类号： G01N15/0205 ,  G01N2015/0092

摘要： A method for determining characteristics of a material includes illuminating the material with coherent light so as to produce scattered light; autocorrelating the scattered light; preprocessing a signal representative of the scattered light to produce a processed signal; and associating the analyzed data with particular characteristics of the material. At least one of a cumulant analysis and a cluster analysis may be performed to provide analyzed data. The determined characteristics may be used for real time control or termination a process used to alter the characteristics of the material. Specifically, monitoring of a process for changes in particle size as a function of time or to determine various physical and/or chemical characteristics of the particles or a mixture containing same, including homogeneity, may be achieved. An apparatus operating generally in accordance with the method.

摘要翻译： 用于确定材料特性的方法包括用相干光照射材料以产生散射光; 自相关散射光; 对代表散射光的信号进行预处理以产生处理的信号; 并将分析的数据与材料的特定特征相关联。 可以执行累积分析和聚类分析中的至少一个以提供分析的数据。 确定的特性可用于实时控制或终止用于改变材料特性的过程。 具体地，可以实现对粒度变化作为时间的函数的监测或者确定包括均匀性的颗粒或包含其的混合物的各种物理和/或化学特性。 一种通常根据该方法操作的装置。