摘要:
A medicament containing a compound of the following formulas (Ia) and (Ib): wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of a covalent bond, at least one at least divalent hetero atom, a saturated, unsaturated, branched, unbranched and/or cyclic, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon chain, a saturated or unsaturated, branched, unbranched and/or cyclic, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon chain provided with hetero atoms in the chain thereof, or combinations thereof; R′1 to R′4 and R″1 to R″5 independently represent H, at least one hetero atom, especially oxygen, nitrogen or halogens, a saturated, unsaturated, branched, unbranched and/or cyclic, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon chain, a saturated or unsaturated, branched, unbranched and/or cyclic, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon chain provided with hetero atoms in the chain thereof, or combinations thereof; the two cyclopentadienyl rings are optionally linked together via any of residues R″1 to R″5; R1 and R2 independently represent H, a hetero atom, especially oxygen, nitrogen or halogens, a saturated, unsaturated, branched, unbranched and/or cyclic, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon chain, a saturated or unsaturated, branched, unbranched and/or cyclic, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon chain provided with hetero atoms in the chain thereof, or combinations thereof; A′, A″ is independently F, Cl, Br, I and/or a physiologically acceptable acid residue of an organic or inorganic acid; n is a positive integer, especially 1, 2, 3; X=O, S, NH, NR3 or NH4R5, wherein R3, R4 and R5 independently have the meanings as mentioned above for R′1 to R′4; Y is a covalent bond, O, S or NR6, wherein R6 has the meanings as mentioned above for R′1 to R′4.
摘要:
A method for chemically treating a disc-shaped substrate having a bottom surface, a top surface and side surfaces by contacting a process medium that is fluid-chemically active with at least the bottom surface of the substrate. The substrate is moved relative to the process medium while forming a triple line between the substrate, the substrate medium and the atmosphere surrounding the substrate and medium. In order to chemically remove errors, particularly in the side surfaces, relative motion should be carried out while avoiding a contacting of the process medium with the top surface of the substrate, where the triple line is formed at a desired height of the side surface facing away from the process medium flow side in relation to the relative motion between the substrate and the process medium.
摘要:
A method for chemically treating a disc-shaped substrate having a bottom surface, a top surface and side surfaces by contacting a process medium that is fluid-chemically active with at least the bottom surface of the substrate. The substrate is moved relative to the process medium while forming a triple line between the substrate, the substrate medium and the atmosphere surrounding the substrate and medium. In order to chemically remove errors, particularly in the side surfaces, relative motion should be carried out while avoiding a contacting of the process medium with the top surface of the substrate, where the triple line is formed at a desired height of the side surface facing away from the process medium flow side in relation to the relative motion between the substrate and the process medium. In this way, the atmosphere can be adjusted in relation to the partial pressures of the components in the process medium such that the top surface preserves hydrophobic characteristics.
摘要:
A system for monitoring units excited by oscillations, having a computer-controlled central processing unit and a computer-controlled, transportable measuring apparatus. The measuring apparatus is programmed by the central processing unit, by way of a data transmission, with at least some measuring points which can be inspected in a prescribable time period within prescribable time limits from a total number of measuring points assigned to the units. The measuring points are automatically displayed in the measuring apparatus and are processed using the measuring apparatus, in order to execute a measuring task determined by the central processing unit. After ending the route, the measuring apparatus transmits the measured data to the central processing unit by way of a data transmission. The central processing unit has an evaluator and/or display for the measured data. In the central processing unit, for each of the measuring points, at least one standard measuring task and at least one extended measuring task is stored. These are loaded into the measuring apparatus according to the selected route. Only the standard measuring task is carried out at the measuring points and at least one of the extended measuring tasks is automatically displayed and carried out at the relevant measuring point as a function of the occurrence of a registrable event which can be assigned to the unit having the measuring point. The measurement results of the standard and extended measurements carried out are transferred into the central processing unit and evaluated.
摘要:
A method for producing a dopant profile is provided. The method includes starting from a surface of a wafer-shaped semiconductor component by introducing dopant atoms into the semiconductor component. The dopant-containing layer is produced on or in a region of the surface in order to produce a provisional first dopant profile and then a plurality of semiconductor components having a corresponding layer is subjected to heat treatment on top of one another in the form of a stack in order to produce a second dopant profile having a greater depth in comparison to the first dopant profile.
摘要:
Each electrode comprises a shaft (6) and a head (5), the shaft being sealed in a vacuum-tight fashion in each case in an end region (2, 22) of the discharge vessel. At least one electrode is cooled by virtue of the fact that its shaft contains a cooling tube system in which a coolant (11) circulates. Said cooling tube system is surrounded at a spacing by an additional enveloping tube (9, 16), the interspace (10, 20) between the enveloping tube and cooling tube system being fitted with a means of thermal insulation.
摘要:
The solar module for converting radiation energy, in particular sunlight, into electrical energy, includes a solar cell (12) that converts radiation energy into electrical energy, an electrical conductor (24) to conduct the electrical energy, an encapsulation (14) encasing the solar cell (12) to protect the solar cell (12), which includes one or more panes (16) of glass to protect and stabilize the solar cell (12) and a layer (22) of embedment material into which the solar cell (12) is laminated or cast, and a body (26) fused into the pane (16) of glass to conduct the electrical energy or to pass an electrical conductor (24) through the pane of glass (16). Furthermore, a method for fusing the body (26) into the one or more panes (16) of glass of the solar module is also described.
摘要:
A portable electronic vibration measurement device, detects a large number of structure-borne sound signals using a predetermined sequence of a plurality of specific individual measurements each plurality of measurements taken at a different sampling frequency.
摘要:
To provide a high-pressure lamp capable of carrying lamp currents of 100 eres and higher, an essentially rotation-symmetrical discharge space (2) has two cylindrical necks (3, 4) melt-sealed thereto. Each one of the necks is formed of at least two telescoped hollow cylindrical quartz glass tubes (19, 27) which, with sealing foils circumferentially located within the neck, are all gas-tightly melt-sealed together. The sealing foils, typically of molybdenum, are electrically connected to a molybdenum disk (7, 8), for example by being welded to the circumference thereof which, in turn, is soldered to an end portion of an electrode shaft (5, 6), typically of tungsten, which extends into the discharge space of the discharge vessel. During manufacture, the inner quartz glass tube (27) is formed with a ring-shaped expansion or distention (23) which is melt-sealed to the inner wall of the outer glass tube (19), to permit flushing of the space between the glass tubes and where the sealing foils are located, for example flushing with argon, and subsequent melt-sealing with a vacuum of 20 mbar argon, while introducing 1 bar air pressure into the interior of the inner tube. After the neck structure is gas-tightly sealed together, the enlargement or distention together with an adjacent portion of the neck structure, is severed.
摘要:
A method for producing at least one functional layer on at least one region of a surface of a semiconductor component by applying a liquid to at least the one region, where the functional layer has a layer thickness d1 and the liquid required for forming the functional layer having the thickness d1 has a layer thickness d2. In order that functional layers having a desired thin and uniform thickness are produced in a reproducible manner, it is proposed that the liquid is applied to the at least one region of the surface in excess with a layer thickness d3 where d3>d2 and that subsequently, either with the semiconductor component moved in translational fashion or with the semiconductor component arranged in stationary fashion, excess liquid is removed from the surface in a contactless manner to an extent such that the liquid layer has the thickness d2 or approximately the thickness d2.