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    Hydrogen-Generating Reactors And Methods
    1.
    发明申请
    Hydrogen-Generating Reactors And Methods 有权
    氢发生器和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20110236303A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-09-29

    申请号：US13158648

    申请日：2011-06-13

    申请人： Andrei G. Fedorov ,  David L. Damm

    发明人： Andrei G. Fedorov ,  David L. Damm

    IPC分类号： C01B3/26

    CPC分类号： B01J19/1893 ,  B01D61/00 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/00166 ,  C01B3/323 ,  C01B3/501 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/1223 ,  C01B2203/86 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y02P30/30

    摘要： Reactors and methods that generate hydrogen from fuel, such as naturally-occurring or synthesized hydrocarbon fuel. One embodiment of the reactor comprises a CO2/H2 active membrane piston disposed inside a cylinder that provides for highly efficient and scalable hydrogen generation from hydrocarbon fuels. This embodiment may function in a two or four stroke modes. Another embodiment of the reactor comprises a dual piston configuration having CO2 and H2 active membrane pistons inside a single cylinder. Other embodiments of the reactor comprise flexible membranes or diaphragms that operate in a manner similar to pistons with or without regeneration of residual reaction products. Exemplary methods introduce fuel into a controllable volume, selectively control pressure, temperature and residence time of the fuel within the controllable volume, chemically react the fuel within the controllable volume with one or more catalysts to produce one or more chemical species, selectively remove via a membrane one or more of the chemical species from the controllable volume, and exhaust residual products from the controllable volume.

    摘要翻译： 从燃料产生氢气的反应堆和方法，如天然或合成烃燃料。 反应器的一个实施例包括设置在气缸内的CO 2 / H 2活性膜活塞，其提供来自烃燃料的高效率和可扩展的氢气产生。 该实施例可以以两个或四个笔划模式工作。 反应器的另一个实施方案包括在单个气缸内具有CO 2和H 2活性膜活塞的双活塞构型。 反应器的其它实施方案包括以类似于具有或不具有残余反应产物的再生的活塞的方式操作的柔性膜或膜片。 示例性方法将燃料引入可控制的体积中，选择性地控制燃料在可控体积内的压力，温度和停留时间，用一种或多种催化剂将可控体积内的燃料与一种或多种催化剂进行化学反应以产生一种或多种化学物质， 膜可控体积中的一种或多种化学物质，以及来自可控体积的废气产物。

    Hydrogen-generating reactors and methods
    2.
    发明授权
    Hydrogen-generating reactors and methods 有权
    氢发生反应器和方法

    公开(公告)号：US09403143B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-08-02

    申请号：US13158648

    申请日：2011-06-13

    申请人： Andrei G. Fedorov ,  David L. Damm

    发明人： Andrei G. Fedorov ,  David L. Damm

    IPC分类号： C01B3/36 ,  B01J19/18 ,  B01D61/00 ,  B01J12/00 ,  C01B3/32 ,  C01B3/50

    CPC分类号： B01J19/1893 ,  B01D61/00 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/00166 ,  C01B3/323 ,  C01B3/501 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/1223 ,  C01B2203/86 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y02P30/30

    摘要： Reactors and methods that generate hydrogen from fuel, such as naturally-occurring or synthesized hydrocarbon fuel. One embodiment of the reactor comprises a CO2/H2 active membrane piston disposed inside a cylinder that provides for highly efficient and scalable hydrogen generation from hydrocarbon fuels. This embodiment may function in a two or four stroke modes. Another embodiment of the reactor comprises a dual piston configuration having CO2 and H2 active membrane pistons inside a single cylinder. Other embodiments of the reactor comprise flexible membranes or diaphragms that operate in a manner similar to pistons with or without regeneration of residual reaction products. Exemplary methods introduce fuel into a controllable volume, selectively control pressure, temperature and residence time of the fuel within the controllable volume, chemically react the fuel within the controllable volume with one or more catalysts to produce one or more chemical species, selectively remove via a membrane one or more of the chemical species from the controllable volume, and exhaust residual products from the controllable volume.

    摘要翻译： 从燃料产生氢气的反应堆和方法，如天然或合成烃燃料。 反应器的一个实施例包括设置在气缸内的CO 2 / H 2活性膜活塞，其提供来自烃燃料的高效率和可扩展的氢气产生。 该实施例可以以两个或四个笔划模式工作。 反应器的另一个实施方案包括在单个气缸内具有CO 2和H 2活性膜活塞的双活塞构型。 反应器的其它实施方案包括以类似于具有或不具有残余反应产物的再生的活塞的方式操作的柔性膜或膜片。 示例性方法将燃料引入可控制的体积中，选择性地控制燃料在可控体积内的压力，温度和停留时间，用一种或多种催化剂将可控体积内的燃料与一种或多种催化剂进行化学反应以产生一种或多种化学物质， 膜可控体积中的一种或多种化学物质，以及来自可控体积的废气产物。

    Hydrogen-generating reactors and methods
    3.
    发明申请
    Hydrogen-generating reactors and methods 有权
    氢发生反应器和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20070243127A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-10-18

    申请号：US11708772

    申请日：2007-02-21

    申请人： Andrei G. Fedorov ,  David L. Damm

    发明人： Andrei G. Fedorov ,  David L. Damm

    IPC分类号： B01J19/00

    CPC分类号： B01J19/1893 ,  B01D61/00 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/00166 ,  C01B3/323 ,  C01B3/501 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/1223 ,  C01B2203/86 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y02P30/30

    摘要： Reactors and methods that generate hydrogen from fuel, such as naturally-occurring or synthesized hydrocarbon fuel. One embodiment of the reactor comprises a CO2/H2 active membrane piston disposed inside a cylinder that provides for highly efficient and scalable hydrogen generation from hydrocarbon fuels. This embodiment may function in a two or four stroke modes. Another embodiment of the reactor comprises a dual piston configuration having CO2 and H2 active membrane pistons inside a single cylinder. Other embodiments of the reactor comprise flexible membranes or diaphragms that operate in a manner similar to pistons with or without regeneration of residual reaction products. Exemplary methods introduce fuel into a controllable volume, selectively control pressure, temperature and residence time of the fuel within the controllable volume, chemically react the fuel within the controllable volume with one or more catalysts to produce one or more chemical species, selectively remove via a membrane one or more of the chemical species from the controllable volume, and exhaust residual products from the controllable volume.

    摘要翻译： 从燃料产生氢气的反应堆和方法，如天然或合成烃燃料。 反应器的一个实施方案包括设置在气缸内的CO 2 / H 2 H 2活性膜活塞，其提供从烃燃料产生高效且可扩展的氢气。 该实施例可以以两个或四个笔划模式工作。 反应器的另一个实施例包括在单个气缸内部具有CO 2 2 H 2 N 2活性膜活塞的双活塞构型。 反应器的其它实施方案包括以类似于具有或不具有残余反应产物的再生的活塞的方式操作的柔性膜或膜片。 示例性方法将燃料引入可控制的体积中，选择性地控制燃料在可控体积内的压力，温度和停留时间，用一种或多种催化剂将可控体积内的燃料与一种或多种催化剂进行化学反应以产生一种或多种化学物质， 膜可控体积中的一种或多种化学物质，以及来自可控体积的废气产物。

    Hydrogen-generating reactors and methods
    4.
    发明授权
    Hydrogen-generating reactors and methods 有权
    氢发生反应器和方法

    公开(公告)号：US07981171B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-07-19

    申请号：US11708772

    申请日：2007-02-21

    申请人： Andrei G. Fedorov ,  David L. Damm

    发明人： Andrei G. Fedorov ,  David L. Damm

    IPC分类号： B01J19/00

    CPC分类号： B01J19/1893 ,  B01D61/00 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/00166 ,  C01B3/323 ,  C01B3/501 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/1223 ,  C01B2203/86 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y02P30/30

    摘要： Reactors and methods that generate hydrogen from fuel, such as naturally-occurring or synthesized hydrocarbon fuel. One embodiment of the reactor comprises a CO2/H2 active membrane piston disposed inside a cylinder that provides for highly efficient and scalable hydrogen generation from hydrocarbon fuels. This embodiment may function in a two or four stroke modes. Another embodiment of the reactor comprises a dual piston configuration having CO2 and H2 active membrane pistons inside a single cylinder. Other embodiments of the reactor comprise flexible membranes or diaphragms that operate in a manner similar to pistons with or without regeneration of residual reaction products. Exemplary methods introduce fuel into a controllable volume, selectively control pressure, temperature and residence time of the fuel within the controllable volume, chemically react the fuel within the controllable volume with one or more catalysts to produce one or more chemical species, selectively remove via a membrane one or more of the chemical species from the controllable volume, and exhaust residual products from the controllable volume.

    摘要翻译： 从燃料产生氢气的反应堆和方法，如天然或合成烃燃料。 反应器的一个实施例包括设置在气缸内的CO 2 / H 2活性膜活塞，其提供来自烃燃料的高效率和可扩展的氢气产生。 该实施例可以以两个或四个笔划模式工作。 反应器的另一个实施方案包括在单个气缸内具有CO 2和H 2活性膜活塞的双活塞构型。 反应器的其它实施方案包括以类似于具有或不具有残余反应产物的再生的活塞的方式操作的柔性膜或膜片。 示例性方法将燃料引入可控制的体积中，选择性地控制燃料在可控体积内的压力，温度和停留时间，用一种或多种催化剂将可控体积内的燃料与一种或多种催化剂进行化学反应以产生一种或多种化学物质， 膜可控体积中的一种或多种化学物质，以及来自可控体积的废气产物。

    Electrosonic cell manipulation device
    8.
    发明授权
    Electrosonic cell manipulation device 有权
    电磁细胞操纵装置

    公开(公告)号：US08334133B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-12-18

    申请号：US12723033

    申请日：2010-03-12

    申请人： Andrei G. Fedorov ,  Fahrettin L. Degertekin

    发明人： Andrei G. Fedorov ,  Fahrettin L. Degertekin

    IPC分类号： C12M1/42

    CPC分类号： C12M35/02 ,  C12M35/04 ,  C12M47/04 ,  C12M47/06 ,  C12N13/00

    摘要： In method of injecting a substance into a living cell having a cell membrane, the substance, the cell and a liquid are placed into a tapering passage. Energy is applied to the cell, thereby inducing poration. To sort cells, a cellular suspension is placed in a tapering passage, including a narrow end that defines an opening that has a dimension corresponding to a cell size. An acoustic wave is applied, thereby forcing cells having a cell size smaller than the selected cell size through the opening, with a portion of the cells having a cell size not smaller than the selected cell size not forced through the opening. To extract material from a cell, an electric field and an acoustic wave are applied, thereby causing the cell membrane to allow the material to pass out of the cell.

    摘要翻译： 在将物质注入具有细胞膜的活细胞的方法中，将物质，细胞和液体置于锥形通道中。 能量被施加到细胞，从而诱导培养。 为了对细胞进行分类，将细胞悬浮液放置在锥形通道中，包括限定具有与细胞尺寸相对应的尺寸的开口的窄端。 施加声波，从而通过开口迫使具有小于所选单元尺寸的单元尺寸的单元，其中一部分单元具有不小于所选单元尺寸的单元尺寸，而不被强制通过开口。 为了从细胞提取材料，施加电场和声波，从而使细胞膜允许材料从细胞中流出。