摘要:
A material and a process for adsorbing and desorbing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas systems of engines running on a lean mixture, which does not require a prior oxidation step, wherein a mixed oxide which has an oxygen-rich orthorhombic structure is used which changes to an oxygen-poor tetragonal structure as a function of temperature.
摘要:
An exhaust-gas cleaning system for cleaning exhaust gas from a combustion source so as to remove at least nitrogen oxides contained therein is provided. An ammonia-generation catalytic converter for generating ammonia uses constituents of at least some of the exhaust gas emitted from the combustion source during ammonia-generation operating phases. A downstream nitrogen oxide reduction catalytic converter is provided for reducing nitrogen oxides which are contained in the exhaust gas emitted from the combustion source using the ammonia generated as the reducing agent. According to the invention, a plasma generator for using plasma technology to generate reactive particles, which promote the ammonia-generation reaction, from constituents of the exhaust gas fed to the ammonia-generation catalytic converter during the ammonia-generation operating phases is connected upstream of the ammonia-generation catalytic converter. This ensures that sufficient ammonia is generated even at relatively low exhaust-gas temperatures.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method and a device for cleaning flowing gases. To reduce the total emissions, nitrogen oxides, especially NO and NOx, are extracted at least partially from the gas to be scrubbed, in the temperature range from 50 and 300° C., preferably between 50 and 150° C. To extract the nitrogen oxides, an intermediate storage medium is used that is composed of a storage material and a supporting material for the storage material. The intermediate storage medium having in particular a composition of the formal chemical formula Ag.CuAl2O4 in an Al2O3 matrix, with the composition being a spinel or being of the spinel type, and with the composition having characteristic spinel lines in the x-ray spectrum, where 0≦x
摘要翻译:本发明涉及清洗流动气体的方法和装置。 为了减少总排放量,氮氧化物,尤其是NO和NO x至少部分地从待洗涤的气体中提取,温度范围为50-300℃,优选为50-150℃。为了提取氮 氧化物,使用由储存材料和用于储存材料的支撑材料组成的中间储存介质。 中间储存介质特别是在Al 2 O 3基质中具有形式化学式Ag.CuAl 2 O 4的组成,其组成为尖晶石或尖晶石型,并且组合物在x射线谱中具有特征尖晶石线, 其中0 <= X <1。
摘要:
The invention relates to a method and a device for cleaning flowing gases. To reduce the total emissions, nitrogen oxides, especially NO and NOx, are extracted at least partially from the gas to be scrubbed, in the temperature range from 50 and 300.degree. C., preferably between 50 and 150.degree. C. To extract the nitrogen oxides, an intermediate storage medium is used that is composed of a storage material and a supporting material for the storage material. The intermediate storage medium having in particular a composition of the formal chemical formula Ag.CuAl.sub.2 O.sub.4 in an Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 matrix, with the composition being a spinel or being of the spinel type, and with the composition having characteristic spinel lines in the x-ray spectrum, where 0.ltoreq.x
摘要翻译:本发明涉及清洗流动气体的方法和装置。 为了减少总排放量,氮氧化物,特别是NO和NOx,至少部分地从待洗涤的气体中提取,温度范围为50-300℃,优选为50-150℃。为了提取氮 氧化物,使用由储存材料和用于储存材料的支撑材料组成的中间储存介质。 中间储存介质特别是在Al 2 O 3基质中具有形式化学式Ag.CuAl 2 O 4的组成,其组成为尖晶石或尖晶石型,并且组合物在x射线谱中具有特征尖晶石线, 其中0 = x <1。
摘要:
A method for operating an exhaust-gas cleaning system having an NOx adsorption accumulator and an SOx trap, includes, in normal operating phases, feeding the exhaust gas to be cleaned first via the SOx trap and then via the NOx adsorption accumulator. The normal operating phases are from time to time interrupted by desulphurization phases for desulphurizing the SOx trap. Means are provided for controlling the direction of flow of the exhaust stream so that it optionally passes firstly via the SOx trap and then via the NOx adsorption accumulator, or firstly via the NOx adsorption accumulator and then via the SOx trap, so that during the desulphurization phases the exhaust gas can be passed firstly via the NOx adsorption accumulator and then via the SOx trap.
摘要:
An internal-combustion engine includes an engine control system that permits a change-over between a lean operation and a rich operation of the internal-combustion engine, and an exhaust gas purification system. A &lgr;-probe, an SOx storage catalyst and an NOx storage catalyst are successively arranged in an exhaust gas line behind the engine. At the start of desulfurization of the SOx storage catalyst, a change-over takes place from the lean to the rich operation of the engine. Secondary air is fed into the exhaust gas line; a predetermined &lgr; value of the exhaust gases mixed with secondary air and a temperature in the SOx storage catalyst are measured. At the end of the desulfurization, a change-over takes place from the rich to a lean operation of the engine.
摘要:
A process and apparatus for the selective catalyzed NO.sub.x reduction in oxygen-containing exhaust gases of internal-combustion engines. For improving the reduction of nitric oxides, hydrocarbons and air are supplied to the exhaust gas purifier and, for producing reactive short-chained unsaturated hydrocarbons, a defined quantity of fuel from the stored fuel intended for the fuel supply of the internal-combustion engine is catalytically cracked and is oxidized by the simultaneous supply of air. The resulting species are guided into the exhaust gas flow of the exhaust gases which are to be purified.
摘要:
A process and apparatus for reducing the nitrogen oxide content in oxygen-containing emissions is provided, particularly for internal-combustion engines, particularly of diesel engines and directly injecting Otto engines for motor vehicles. The nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas are reduced by a suitable reducing agent, such as hydrogen or hydrocarbons, on a DENOX catalyst. For achieving an improved conversion rate for the nitrogen oxides, a combination of hydrogen and hydrocarbons are used as reducing agents. In different operating ranges of the internal-combustion engine only hydrogen, only hydrocarbons, or hydrogen and hydrocarbons are added. Preferably, for this purpose, the quantity of supplied hydrogen or hydrocarbons is reduced or increased with an increasing engine load and/or catalyst temperature and/or rotational engine speed.
摘要:
A motor vehicle exhaust emission control system has two adsorber parts connected in parallel for alternate adsorption and desorption of nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust from an internal combustion engine and components for conducting further downstream the exhaust that emerges in the adsorber part that is operating at any given time in the adsorption mode and for returning the exhaust that emerges from the other adsorber part that is then operating in the desorption mode, to an intake line of the engine. An oxidizing converter is located upstream of the adsorber part and near the engine for oxidation of the NO contained in the exhaust to form NO.sub.2, so as to permit an increase in the NO.sub.X adsorption rate for the nitrogen adsorber parts.
摘要:
In a method for the periodic desulphurization of a nitrogen-oxide or sulphur-oxide accumulator of an exhaust-gas cleaning system of an internal-combustion engine, during respective desulphurization periods, the accumulator is fed secondary air by secondary-air supply means, and is fed an engine exhaust gas which contains a reducing agent by setting a rich engine air ratio. At least during part of the desulphurization period, after a predeterminable desulphurization temperature has been reached, the accumulator air ratio is set, by suitably alternating the secondary air quantity supplied and/or the engine air ratio, between an oxidizing or stoichiometric atmosphere, and a reducing atmosphere.