摘要:
A method of forming an article such as a light focusing fiber waveguide by applying to a substantially cylindrical starting member a layer of soot having a radially varying composition by means of flame hydrolysis. The starting member is removed and the resulting substantially cylindrical hollow cylinder is heated and drawn to reduce the cross-sectional area and to collapse the hole to form a fiber having a solid cross-sectional area with a radially varying composition.
摘要:
A method of producing a planar optical waveguide by applying to at least a portion of one flat surface of a substantially flat glass substrate having a predetermined desired index of refraction a first coating of glass having an index of refraction greater than that of said glass substrate. Thereafter a second coating of glass having an index of refraction less than that of the first coating of glass is applied over the exposed surface of the first coating of glass. The thickness of the first coating of glass being determined as a function of the highest mode order and the wavelength of light to be propagated within a waveguide having infinite width, and the indices of refraction of the substrate and each of the applied coatings.
摘要:
There is disclosed a method and apparatus for providing optically pure water-free fused silica blanks, tubing and crucibles for use in forming optical waveguides, lenses, prisms, filters, and high temperature lamp envelopes, in which soot is deposited on a high purity graphite bait or refractory low expansion glass, glass-ceramic or suitable crystalline ceramic bait by a flame hydrolysis method in which the burner is located close to the bait. This results in an exceptionally dense soot preform. The preform is later sintered in an inert dry atmosphere by slowly inserting the soot covered bait into a furnace in such a manner that entrapped gas is forced from the fused silica during the slow insertion into the furnace maintained at a temperature above 1,400*C. The formation of bubbles within the fused silica is prevented because of the inert atmosphere and because the gases in the preform escape through the unsintered portions of the preform, thereby providing a crucible or blank of fused silica of exceptionally high optical quality.
摘要:
A METHOD OF FORMING AN OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE BY FORMING A FIRST COATING OF GLASS HAVING A PREDETERMINED INDEX OF REFRACTION ON THE OUTSIDE PERIPHERAL WALL SRFACE OF A SUBSTANTIALLY CYLINDRICAL STARTER ROD OR MEMBER. THEREAFTER, A SECOND COATING OF GLASS IS APPLIED TO THE PERIPHERAL OUTSIDE SURFACE OF THE FIRST COATING, SAID SECOND COATING HAVING A PRESELECTED INDEX OF REFRACTION LESS THAN INDEX OF REFRACTION OF THE FIRST COATING. THE STARTER ROD OR MEMBER IS REMOVED FROM THE ASSEMBLY FOLLOWING THE APPLICATION OF EITHER THE FIRST OR SECOND COATING. THE RESULTING SUBSTANTIALLY CYLINDRICAL HOLLOW ASSEMBLY IS HEATED AND DRAWN TO REDUCE THE CORSS-SECTIONAL AREA AND
TO COLLAPSE THE FIRST AND INNER COATING OF GLASS TO FORM A FIBER HAVING A SOLID CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA. THE COLLAPSED FIRST AND INNER COATING FORMS THE FIBER CORE AND THE SECOND COATING FORMS THE CLADDING FOR THE FIBER.
摘要:
An electric lamp comprises a light source within a glass envelope adapted to operate at temperatures above 800*C. under pressures ranging up to 100 atmospheres. The lamp may be a tungsten halide incandescent type or a discharge type such as a mercury vapor or metal halide lamp. The envelope is composed of a fused silica glass containing, on a cation mole percent basis, 0.01-1.0% of an additive selected from the group consisting of SnO2, GeO2, Fe2O3, WO3, MoO3 and Ta2O5.
摘要翻译:电灯包括适于在高于100℃的压力下在高于800℃的温度下操作的玻璃封套内的光源。 灯可以是卤化钨白炽灯,也可以是汞蒸气灯或金属卤化物灯等放电型灯。 外壳由熔融石英玻璃构成,该石英玻璃以阳离子摩尔%计含有选自SnO 2,GeO 2,Fe 2 O 3,WO 3,MoO 3和Ta 2 O 5中的0.01-1.0%的添加剂。
摘要:
An improved method is described for the production of glass by the decomposition of a mixture of glass forming compounds in the flame of a combustible gas to form an oxide mixture which is vitrified. The improvement includes generating vapors from a decomposable solid material that has a vapor pressure equal to 5 mm. Hg at a temperature above ambient temperature but not over 500*C. The vapors are generated by suspending the material in finely divided form in a heated chamber and passing a carrier gas through the material. The method is especially useful in the production of modified vitreous silica glasses.
摘要:
Glass filters and their use in controlling transmission of radiation is disclosed. The filters have a sharp transmission cut off within the ultraviolet region of the spectrum and also withstand high temperatures and severe heat shock. They are produced from a fused silica glass having a composition consisting essentially of silica and 1-25 percent R2O5 wherein the R2O5 consists of 0-5 percent Nb2O5 and/or 0-25 percent Ta2O5. The transmission cut off may be shifted across the ultraviolet transmission range by varying the amount of additive.
摘要:
A METHOD OF PRODUCING AN OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE BY FIRST FORMING A FILM OF GLASS WITH A PRESELECTED INDEX OF REFRACTION ON THE INSIDE WALL OF A GLASS TUBE HAVING A DIFFERENT PRESELECTED INDEX OF REFRACTION. THIS GLASS TUBE AND GLASS FILM COMBINATION IS THEN DRAWN TO REDUCE THE CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA AND TO COLLAPSE THE FILM OF GLASS TO FORM A FIBER HAVING A SOLID CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA; THE CORE BEING FORMED FROM THE GLASS FILM, AND THE CLADDING BEING FORMED FROM THE GLASS TUBE.