公开(公告)号：US5951838A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-14

申请号：US814126

申请日：1997-03-10

申请人： David M. Heffelfinger ,  Craig Van Horn

发明人： David M. Heffelfinger ,  Craig Van Horn

IPC分类号： G01N27/447 ,  G01N27/26 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01J7/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/44721

摘要： A method and apparatus for achieving uniform illumination in an electrophoresis apparatus is provided. Uniform illumination allows quantitative measurements of an electrophoresis gel to be made, thus increasing the information which can be obtained from an electrophoretic analysis. Uniform illumination is achieved by scanning the light source, preferably in a trans-illumination mode, across the sample gel in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the source. The light source is comprised of one or more light bulbs placed in a light tray. Variations in light intensity near the source end portions may be minimized using a variety of techniques including extended light bulbs, filters, reflectors, diffusers, or supplemental sources.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于在电泳装置中实现均匀照明的方法和装置。 均匀的照明可以进行电泳凝胶的定量测量，从而增加从电泳分析可以获得的信息。 通过在垂直于源的轴线的方向上扫描样品凝胶上的光源，优选以跨照明模式扫描光源来实现均匀照明。 光源由放置在光盘中的一个或多个灯泡组成。 使用包括扩展的灯泡，滤光器，反射器，漫射器或补充源在内的各种技术可以最小化源端部附近的光强度的变化。

公开(公告)号：US5799773A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-01

申请号：US814125

申请日：1997-03-10

申请人： David M. Heffelfinger ,  Craig Van Horn

发明人： David M. Heffelfinger ,  Craig Van Horn

IPC分类号： G01N27/447 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/44721

摘要： A method and apparatus for correcting an image of an electrophoresis gel for lens and detector non-uniformities is provided. The removal of such non-uniformities, in conjunction with a uniform illumination source, allows quantitative measurements of an electrophoresis gel to be made, thus increasing the information which can be obtained from an electrophoretic analysis. Lens and detector non-uniformities are removed by first determining the magnitude of the non-uniformities using a calibration standard. The calibration standard has a uniform emittance, preferably in the same wavelength band as the labeled regions of the electrophoresis gel. By placing the calibration standard in close proximity to the entrance aperture of the lens, the calibration process is relatively insensitive to illumination source non-uniformities. Thus an image of the calibration standard taken with the same lens settings as the unknown provides detailed information on the lens and detector non-uniformities. This information in conjunction with a darkfield image is used to correct the sample image.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于校正透镜和检测器不均匀性的电泳凝胶的图像的方法和装置。 结合均匀的照明源去除这种不均匀性可以进行电泳凝胶的定量测量，从而增加可从电泳分析中获得的信息。 通过首先使用校准标准确定非均匀性的大小来去除透镜和检测器不均匀性。 校准标准具有均匀的发射率，优选地与电泳凝胶的标记区域相同的波长带。 通过将校准标准放置在靠近透镜入口孔的位置，校准过程对照明源不均匀性相对不敏感。 因此，以与未知的相同的镜头设置拍摄的校准标准的图像提供关于镜头和检测器不均匀性的详细信息。 该信息与暗场图像一起用于校正样本图像。

公开(公告)号：US5897760A

公开(公告)日：1999-04-27

申请号：US814127

申请日：1997-03-10

申请人： David M. Heffelfinger ,  Craig Van Horn

发明人： David M. Heffelfinger ,  Craig Van Horn

IPC分类号： G01N27/447 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/44721

摘要： A method and apparatus for correcting non-uniformities in the source and the lens assembly of an electrophoresis apparatus is provided. Assuming a detector with a uniform responsivity, correcting for source and lens non-uniformities allows quantitative measurements of an electrophoresis gel to be made, thus increasing the information which can be obtained from an electrophoretic analysis. The non-uniformities due to the illumination source are characterized by sampling a portion of the source with a linear detector array and creating a correction data file. In order to sample the source, a mirror or beamsplitter is appropriately positioned, for example along the central optical axis of the electrophoresis apparatus. Similarly, a correction data file representing the non-uniformities due to the lens assembly is created using a secondary linear source of known uniformity. After the correction data files are stored, an image of the sample is taken and a sample data file is created. The sample data file can be normalized using the correction data files thereby creating a corrected sample file which can either be displayed or stored for future use.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于校正电泳装置的源和透镜组件中的不均匀性的方法和装置。 假设具有均匀响应度的检测器，校正源和透镜不均匀性允许对电泳凝胶进行定量测量，从而增加可从电泳分析获得的信息。 由于照明源引起的不均匀性的特征在于用线性检测器阵列对源的一部分进行采样并创建校正数据文件。 为了对源进行采样，镜子或分束器例如沿着电泳装置的中心光轴被适当地定位。 类似地，使用已知均匀性的二次线性源产生表示由于透镜组件引起的不均匀性的校正数据文件。 在存储校正数据文件之后，取样本的图像并创建样本数据文件。 样本数据文件可以使用校正数据文件进行归一化，从而创建可以显示或存储以供将来使用的校正样本文件。

公开(公告)号：US5891314A

公开(公告)日：1999-04-06

申请号：US814812

申请日：1997-03-10

申请人： David M. Heffelfinger ,  Craig Van Horn

发明人： David M. Heffelfinger ,  Craig Van Horn

IPC分类号： G01N27/447 ,  G01N27/26 ,  G01N21/00

CPC分类号： G01N27/44721

摘要： A method and apparatus for correcting non-uniformities in the lens assembly of an electrophoresis apparatus is provided. Assuming a detector with a uniform responsivity as well as a uniform illumination source, correcting for lens non-uniformities allows accurate quantitative measurements of an electrophoresis gel to be made, thus increasing the information which can be obtained from an electrophoretic analysis. Applying the system, the non-uniformities due to the lens assembly are first characterized for a range of aperture and magnification settings. A look-up table is then created which contains the non-uniformities and/or correction data files for the lens assembly according to the aperture and magnification settings. In order to correct a sample image, the aperture and magnification settings used to obtain the sample image are provided to the system processor. These settings may be automatically obtained by the processor or manually input by the user. After the processor receives the lens settings, it applies the look-up table to determine the corresponding lens non-uniformities as well as the necessary correction file. The sample image is then normalized by dividing the sample image file by the appropriate correction file. Once normalized, the corrected sample image file may either be displayed or stored for later use.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于校正电泳装置的透镜组件中的不均匀性的方法和装置。 假设具有均匀响应性的检测器以及均匀的照明源，校正透镜不均匀性可以准确地定量测量电泳凝胶，从而增加可从电泳分析获得的信息。 应用该系统，由于镜头组件而引起的不均匀性首先被表征为一定范围的孔径和放大倍率设置。 然后创建一个查找表，其中包含根据孔径和放大倍率设置的镜头组件的不均匀性和/或校正数据文件。 为了校正样本图像，将用于获得样本图像的孔径和倍率设置提供给系统处理器。 这些设置可以由处理器自动获取或由用户手动输入。 在处理器接收到镜头设置后，应用查找表来确定相应的镜头不均匀性以及必要的校正文件。 然后通过将样本图像文件除以适当的校正文件来对样本图像进行归一化。 一旦标准化，校正的样本图像文件可以被显示或存储以供以后使用。

公开(公告)号：US06441894B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-27

申请号：US09430418

申请日：1999-10-29

申请人： Bala S. Manian ,  David M. Heffelfinger ,  Edward M. Goldberg

发明人： Bala S. Manian ,  David M. Heffelfinger ,  Edward M. Goldberg

IPC分类号： G01J100

CPC分类号： G02B21/34 ,  G01N21/6452 ,  G02B21/241

摘要： A method and apparatus for autofocus on a target layer contained within a microplate well is provided. The instrument is capable of optically sensing a reference point on the underside of a microplate. This reference point is then used to focus light onto a target layer within the microplate well, the target layer having a location that is in defined relation to the reference point. The reference point is either a surface of the bottom of the microplate well or is an optically detectable mark on the underside of the microplate. In an alternate embodiment, a light position sensitive detector is used to enable deterministic autofocus for a plurality of wells on a microplate.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于在微孔板中包含的靶层上的自动聚焦的方法和装置。 该仪器能够光学感测微孔板底面上的参考点。 然后将该参考点用于将光聚焦到微孔板内的目标层上，目标层具有与参考点限定的位置。 参考点是微孔板底部的表面，或者是微孔板下面的光学可检测标记。 在替代实施例中，使用光位置敏感检测器来使得微孔板上的多个孔的确定性自动聚焦。

公开(公告)号：US5591981A

公开(公告)日：1997-01-07

申请号：US405468

申请日：1995-03-16

申请人： David M. Heffelfinger ,  Franklin R. Witney

发明人： David M. Heffelfinger ,  Franklin R. Witney

IPC分类号： G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/64

CPC分类号： G01N21/6456 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N2021/6419 ,  G01N2021/6421

摘要： A method and apparatus to detect fluorescence from a sample is provided. The optical system allows the user to continuously tune the wavelengths and bandwidths of the excitation source and the emission detection system. A peaking function automatically peaks the detected fluorescent signal by fine tuning the excitation and emission detection systems. A look-up table allows the fluorescent signal for a specific wavelength to be corrected for the wavelength dependence of the optical train. In one embodiment of the system the sample is simultaneously irradiated in more than one wavelength band, each wavelength band being independently tunable.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种从样品中检测荧光的方法和装置。 光学系统允许用户连续调节激发源和发射检测系统的波长和带宽。 峰值功能通过微调激发和发射检测系统自动使检测到的荧光信号达到峰值。 查找表允许针对光学列车的波长依赖性校正特定波长的荧光信号。 在系统的一个实施例中，样本同时在多于一个波长带中照射，每个波长带是独立可调谐的。

公开(公告)号：US5266803A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-30

申请号：US845107

申请日：1991-03-03

申请人： David M. Heffelfinger

发明人： David M. Heffelfinger

IPC分类号： G02B6/04 ,  G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/38 ,  G02B6/40 ,  H04N1/028 ,  G03B42/02

CPC分类号： H04N1/0281 ,  G02B26/103 ,  G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/403 ,  G02B6/3861

摘要： A novel fiber optic cable having a bifurcated bundle of optical fibers comprised of emitter fiber(s) and collecting fiber(s), a means for focusing light into the proximal end of the emitter fiber(s), a means for focusing light out of the distal end of the emitter fiber(s), and a means for collecting light in the distal end of the collecting fiber(s) is used to increase the sensitivity and specificity of storage phosphor imaging plate scanning. The novel fiber optic cable is used in a storage phosphor imaging plate scanner to transmit light from a light source to the phosphors on the storage phosphor imaging plate and to collect any phosphorescence induced by the light. Use of the bifurcated fiber bundle with the means for focusing light into the emitter fiber(s), focus light out of the emitter fiber(s), and collect light in the collecting fiber(s) provides a method to scan storage phosphor imaging plates with high sensitivity and specificity.

摘要翻译： 一种新颖的光纤电缆，其具有由发射光纤和收集光纤组成的光纤的分叉束，用于将光聚焦到发射光纤的近端的装置，用于将光聚焦到 发射光纤的远端和用于收集聚光纤的远端的光的装置用于增加存储荧光体成像板扫描的灵敏度和特异性。 新型光纤电缆用于存储磷光体成像板扫描器中，以将来自光源的光透射到存储荧光体成像板上的荧光体，并收集由光诱导的任何磷光。 将分叉的光纤束与用于将光聚焦到发射光纤中的装置一起使用，将光聚焦在发射光纤之外，并收集聚光中的光提供了一种扫描存储荧光体成像板的方法 具有高灵敏度和特异性。

公开(公告)号：US06853454B1

公开(公告)日：2005-02-08

申请号：US10758576

申请日：2004-01-15

申请人： David M. Heffelfinger

发明人： David M. Heffelfinger

IPC分类号： G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/47

CPC分类号： G01N21/6456

摘要： A system for optical detection of kinetic samples. The system includes a dual set of detectors linked to a single processor. The time of signal integration is different for each detector, allowing one detector to have a higher sensitivity by integrating over a longer time period while the second detector using shorter integration periods is able to measure kinetic events.

摘要翻译： 一种用于光学检测动力学样品的系统。 该系统包括连接到单个处理器的双组检测器。 信号整合时间对于每个检测器是不同的，允许一个检测器通过在更长的时间段内积分而具有更高的灵敏度，而使用较短积分期的第二检测器能够测量动力学事件。

公开(公告)号：US06750457B2

公开(公告)日：2004-06-15

申请号：US09942472

申请日：2001-08-29

申请人： David M. Heffelfinger ,  Aram P. Schiffman ,  Bala S. Manian

发明人： David M. Heffelfinger ,  Aram P. Schiffman ,  Bala S. Manian

IPC分类号： G01N2100

CPC分类号： G01N21/6452 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/14 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/4406 ,  G01N27/44721 ,  G01N2021/6463

摘要： An apparatus and method in which illumination light and collected emitted light share a pathway and subsequently are physically separated. The optical configuration is designed such that at the point of separation, the illumination light is at has a smaller cross sectional area than the collected light. Collected light is directed away from the pathway of the illumination light and to detection optics. This configuration is adaptable to illumination and light collection across a broad wavelength spectrum. This configuration is adaptable to scanning in a limited depth of field to allow high throughput optical analysis of samples.

摘要翻译： 照明光和收集的发射光共享通路并随后物理分离的装置和方法。 光学构造被设计成使得在分离点处，照明光具有比收集的光更小的横截面面积。 收集的光被引导离开照明光的路径和检测光学器件。 该配置适用于宽波长光谱下的照明和光采集。 该配置适用于在有限的景深中的扫描，以允许样品的高通量光学分析。

公开(公告)号：US6130745A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-10

申请号：US245782

申请日：1999-02-05

申请人： Bala S. Manian ,  David M. Heffelfinger ,  Edward M. Goldberg

发明人： Bala S. Manian ,  David M. Heffelfinger ,  Edward M. Goldberg

IPC分类号： G01B11/00 ,  G01J1/00 ,  G01N21/03 ,  G01N21/55 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N33/483 ,  G02B7/28 ,  G02B21/24 ,  G02B21/34

CPC分类号： G02B21/34 ,  G01N21/6452 ,  G02B21/241

摘要： A method and apparatus for autofocus on a target layer contained within a microplate well is provided. The instrument is capable of optically sensing a reference point on the underside of a microplate. This reference point is then used to focus light onto a target layer within the microplate well, the target layer having a location that is in defined relation to the reference point. The reference point is either a surface of the bottom of the microplate well or is an optically detectable mark on the underside of the microplate. In an alternate embodiment, a light position sensitive detector is used to enable deterministic autofocus for a plurality of wells on a microplate.