公开(公告)号：US6010632A

公开(公告)日：2000-01-04

申请号：US069892

申请日：1998-04-29

申请人： David S. Ross ,  Indira Jayaweera ,  David C. Bomberger ,  Roald N. Leif

发明人： David S. Ross ,  Indira Jayaweera ,  David C. Bomberger ,  Roald N. Leif

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/34 ,  A62D3/38 ,  A62D101/22 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F11/08 ,  H01J9/26 ,  H05B6/76 ,  H05B6/80

CPC分类号： B32B37/04 ,  C02F11/086 ,  H01J9/261 ,  B32B2309/68 ,  B32B2310/0862 ,  C02F1/722 ,  C02F2101/36 ,  Y10S210/909

摘要： A process for hot or supercritical water oxidative decomposition of wastes, particularly halogenated organic compounds, is described. The process employs a heterogeneous reagent which accelerates the decomposition and is effective to neutralize acidic byproducts. The reagent is maintained in suspension throughout the reaction by operating at conditions of temperature and pressure at which the heterogeneous reagent is largely or fully insoluble in water, and preferably at which liquid water is not present. Production of potentially corrosive brine is also minimized by operating at conditions under which sodium chloride is insoluble.

摘要翻译： 描述了废物，特别是卤代有机化合物的热或超临界水氧化分解方法。 该方法采用加速分解的非均相试剂，有效中和酸性副产物。 通过在不均匀试剂大部分或完全不溶于水的温度和压力的条件下操作，优选在不存在液态水的条件下，将试剂维持在整个反应中的悬浮液中。 潜在腐蚀性盐水的生产也通过在氯化钠不溶解的条件下操作而最小化。

公开(公告)号：US5746926A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-05

申请号：US632604

申请日：1996-04-15

申请人： David S. Ross ,  Indira Jayaweera ,  Roald N. Leif

发明人： David S. Ross ,  Indira Jayaweera ,  Roald N. Leif

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/20 ,  A62D3/34 ,  A62D3/35 ,  A62D3/36 ,  A62D3/38 ,  A62D101/02 ,  A62D101/04 ,  A62D101/06 ,  A62D101/22 ,  A62D101/24 ,  A62D101/26 ,  A62D101/28 ,  A62D101/40 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B09B3/00 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F11/08

CPC分类号： A62D3/20 ,  C02F11/086 ,  A62D2101/22 ,  A62D2101/28 ,  C02F1/722 ,  C02F2101/36 ,  Y10S210/908 ,  Y10S210/909 ,  Y10S210/915

摘要： This invention relates to a process for the decomposition of material selected from halogenated organic compounds, to compounds which are environmentally acceptable, or are amenable to further degradation by conventional disposal systems to produce environmentally acceptable products, which process comprises: (a) conveying an aqueous solution or an aqueous slurry of material into a reaction zone capable of withstanding the temperatures and pressures of decomposition of the material; (b)contacting the material in the reaction zone with aqueous sodium carbonate as a reactant in an amount effective to decompose the material under hydrothermal oxidation conditions of between about 300.degree. and 400.degree. C. and a pressure of between about 20 and 400 atmospheres for between 0.01 and 120 min wherein the sodium carbonate at the reaction conditions is present at about 10% or less as a water soluble salt as compared to the solubility of the salt at ambient conditions, wherein the process occurs in the presence of a gaseous oxidant wherein said oxidant is present in an amount of between about 0.01 and 50% by weight of the material; (c) producing about 99% or greater of the decomposition of the material, or 99% or greater conversion of the material to compounds which are environmentally acceptable or to compounds which are amendable to further degradation; and (d) optionally degrading further the compounds produced in step (c) by reaction to environmentally acceptable products. Preferably, the specific reactant is sodium carbonate and the oxidant is oxygen or air. Preferably, the halogenated organic compound is selected from polychlorobiphenyl, polybromobiphenyl or chlorobenzodioxin compounds.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种将选自卤代有机化合物的材料分解成环境可接受的化合物或常规处理系统进一步降解以生产环境可接受的产品的方法，该方法包括：（a）输送水 溶液或材料的水性浆料进入能够承受材料分解的温度和压力的反应区; （b）将反应区中的材料与碳酸钠水溶液作为反应物接触，其量为有效地在约300-400℃的水热氧化条件下分解该材料，并且压力在约20-400大气压之间，以便 在0.01和120分钟之间，其中与在环境条件下盐的溶解度相比，反应条件下的碳酸钠作为水溶性盐的存在量为约10％或更少，其中该方法在气态氧化剂存在下进行，其中 所述氧化剂的存在量为所述材料的约0.01至50重量％; （c）产生约99％或更多的材料分解，或99％或更多的材料转化为环境可接受的化合物或可修饰为进一步降解的化合物; 和（d）通过与环境可接受的产物反应，任选进一步降解步骤（c）中产生的化合物。 优选地，特定反应物是碳酸钠，氧化剂是氧气或空气。 优选地，卤代有机化合物选自聚氯联苯，聚溴联苯或氯代二苯并菲化合物。

公开(公告)号：US5837149A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-17

申请号：US621746

申请日：1996-03-22

申请人： David S. Ross ,  Indira Jayaweera ,  Roald N. Leif

发明人： David S. Ross ,  Indira Jayaweera ,  Roald N. Leif

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/20 ,  A62D3/34 ,  A62D3/35 ,  A62D3/36 ,  A62D3/38 ,  A62D101/02 ,  A62D101/04 ,  A62D101/06 ,  A62D101/22 ,  A62D101/24 ,  A62D101/26 ,  A62D101/28 ,  A62D101/40 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F11/08

CPC分类号： A62D3/20 ,  C02F11/086 ,  A62D2101/22 ,  A62D2101/28 ,  C02F1/722 ,  C02F2101/36 ,  Y10S210/909 ,  Y10S210/915

摘要： This invention relates to a process for the decomposition of material selected from the group consisting of organic compounds, inorganic compounds, or combinations thereof to compounds which are environmentally acceptable, or are amenable to further degradation by conventional disposal systems to produce environmentally acceptable products, which process comprises: (a) conveying an aqueous solution or an aqueous slurry of material into a reaction zone capable of withstanding the temperatures and pressures of decomposition of the material; (b) contacting the material in the reaction zone with aqueous sodium carbonate as a reactant in an amount effective to decompose the material under hot water or supercritical water oxidation conditions of between about 300.degree. and 600.degree. C. and a pressure of between about 20 and 400 atmospheres for between 0.1 and 120 min, wherein the sodium carbonate at the reaction conditions is present at about 10% or less as a water soluble salt as compared to the solubility of the salt at ambient conditions, wherein the process occurs in the presence of a gaseous oxidant present in an amount of between about 0.1 and 50% by weight of the material; (c) producing about 99% or greater of the decomposition of the material, or 99% or greater conversion of the material to compounds which are environmentally acceptable or to compounds which are amendable to further degradation; and (d) optionally degrading further the compounds produced in step (c) by reaction to environmentally acceptable products. Preferably, the specific reactant is sodium carbonate and the oxidant is oxygen or air.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及将选自有机化合物，无机化合物或其组合的材料分解成环境可接受的化合物或通过常规处理系统进一步降解以生产环境可接受的产物的方法，其中 方法包括：（a）将材料的水溶液或水性浆料输送到能够承受材料分解的温度和压力的反应区; （b）使反应区中的材料与碳酸钠水溶液作为反应物接触，其量可以有效地在约300℃至600℃的热水或超临界水氧化条件下分解该材料，压力为约20℃ 和400个大气压在0.1和120分钟之间，其中在反应条件下的碳酸钠与盐在环境条件下的溶解度相比以约10％或更低的水溶性盐存在，其中该方法在存在下发生 的气态氧化剂，其量为所述材料的约0.1至50重量％; （c）产生约99％或更多的材料分解，或99％或更多的材料转化为环境可接受的化合物或可修饰为进一步降解的化合物; 和（d）通过与环境可接受的产物反应，任选进一步降解步骤（c）中产生的化合物。 优选地，特定反应物是碳酸钠，氧化剂是氧气或空气。

公开(公告)号：US5409617A

公开(公告)日：1995-04-25

申请号：US091617

申请日：1993-07-13

申请人： David S. Ross ,  Indira Jayaweera ,  Lien Nguyen ,  Georgina P. Hum ,  Werner R. Haag

发明人： David S. Ross ,  Indira Jayaweera ,  Lien Nguyen ,  Georgina P. Hum ,  Werner R. Haag

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/20 ,  A62D3/35 ,  A62D101/02 ,  A62D101/04 ,  A62D101/06 ,  A62D101/20 ,  A62D101/26 ,  A62D101/28 ,  B09B3/00 ,  C02F1/02 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F11/08

CPC分类号： A62D3/20 ,  C02F1/025 ,  C02F1/725 ,  C02F11/08 ,  A62D2101/02 ,  A62D2101/04 ,  A62D2101/06 ,  A62D2101/26 ,  A62D2101/28 ,  A62D2203/10

摘要： The present invention relates to a process for the disposal of waste or the conversion of hydrothermally labile chemical groups and compounds to species which are environmentally acceptable, or are amendable to further degradation by conventional disposal systems to produce environmentally acceptable products, which process comprises:(a) conveying an aqueous solution or slurry of ordnance waste material into a reaction zone capable of withstanding the temperatures and pressures of hydrothermal decomposition;(b) reacting the waste material in the reaction zone with an aqueous composition comprising one or more alkali or alkaline earth metal silicates, borates, phosphates, biphosphates, or trisubstituted-phosphates, at between 200.degree. C. and 500.degree. C. and at a pressure between 10 and 400 atmospheres for between about 0.01 and 10 minutes;(c) producing compounds which are environmentally acceptable or are amenable to further degradation by conventional disposal systems; and(d) optionally degrading further the compounds of step (e) by reaction in a conventional disposal system. The waste includes ordnance waste, process waste, agricultural waste and the like.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种处理废物或将水热不稳定化学基团和化合物转化为可通过常规处置系统进一步降解以生产环境可接受的产品的环境可接受或可修改的物质的方法，该方法包括：（ a）将弹性废料的水溶液或浆液输送到能够承受水热分解的温度和压力的反应区; （b）使反应区中的废料与包含一种或多种碱金属或碱土金属硅酸盐，硼酸盐，磷酸盐，二磷酸盐或三取代磷酸盐的水性组合物在200℃和500℃之间和在 压力在10和400大气压之间约0.01至10分钟; （c）生产环境可接受或适于通过常规处理系统进一步降解的化合物; 和（d）通过常规处理系统中的反应任选地降解步骤（e）的化合物。 废物包括军火废物，废物处理，农业废弃物等。

公开(公告)号：US5709800A

公开(公告)日：1998-01-20

申请号：US652920

申请日：1996-01-16

申请人： David S. Ross ,  Indira Jayaweera

发明人： David S. Ross ,  Indira Jayaweera

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/20 ,  A62D3/35 ,  A62D101/02 ,  A62D101/04 ,  A62D101/06 ,  A62D101/20 ,  A62D101/26 ,  A62D101/28 ,  B09B3/00 ,  C02F1/02 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F11/08

CPC分类号： A62D3/20 ,  C02F1/025 ,  C02F1/725 ,  C02F11/08 ,  A62D2101/02 ,  A62D2101/04 ,  A62D2101/06 ,  A62D2101/26 ,  A62D2101/28 ,  A62D2203/10

摘要： The present invention relates to a process for the disposal of waste or the conversion of hydrothermally labile chemical groups and compounds to species which are environmentally acceptable, or are amendable to further degradation by conventional disposal systems to produce environmentally acceptable products, which process comprises: (a) conveying an aqueous solution or slurry of the waste material into a reaction zone capable of withstanding the temperatures and pressures of hydrothermal decomposition; (b) reacting the waste material in the reaction zone with an aqueous composition comprising catalyst selected from silica or one or more alkali metal silicates, borates, phosphates, biphosphates, or trisubstituted-phosphates, or comprising as promoting reagent independently selected from one or more alkali metal nitrites, alkaline earth metal nitrites or combinations thereof at between 200.degree. C. and 500.degree. C. and at a pressure between 10 and 400 atmospheres for between about 0.01 and 10 minutes; (c) producing compounds which are environmentally acceptable or are amenable to further degradation by conventional disposal systems; and (d) optionally degrading further the compounds of step (c) by reaction in a conventional disposal system such as biological sewage treatment. The waste includes dairy process waste, military waste, ordnance waste, chemical process waste, agricultural waste and the like.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种处理废物或将水热不稳定化学基团和化合物转化为可通过常规处理系统进一步降解以生产环境可接受产品的环境可接受或可修改的物质的方法，该方法包括：（ a）将废料的水溶液或浆料输送到能够承受水热分解温度和压力的反应区; （b）使反应区中的废料与包含选自二氧化硅或一种或多种碱金属硅酸盐，硼酸盐，磷酸盐，二磷酸盐或三取代磷酸盐的催化剂的含水组合物反应，或者作为独立地选自一种或多种 碱金属亚硝酸盐，碱土金属亚硝酸盐或其组合在200℃至500℃之间和在10和400大气压之间约0.01至10分钟之间的压力; （c）生产环境可接受或适于通过常规处理系统进一步降解的化合物; 和（d）通过常规处理系统如生物污水处理中的反应任选地降解步骤（c）的化合物。 废物包括乳品加工废物，军事废物，军火废物，化学工艺废物，农业废物等。

公开(公告)号：US07175975B2

公开(公告)日：2007-02-13

申请号：US11211937

申请日：2005-08-25

申请人： Stephen P. Singer ,  Christopher Grote ,  Robert C. Stewart ,  John W. Harder ,  David S. Ross ,  Janet N. Younathan ,  Louis Elbert Friedrich

发明人： Stephen P. Singer ,  Christopher Grote ,  Robert C. Stewart ,  John W. Harder ,  David S. Ross ,  Janet N. Younathan ,  Louis Elbert Friedrich

IPC分类号： G03C1/46 ,  G03C1/08 ,  G03C7/26 ,  G03C7/32

CPC分类号： G03C7/30523 ,  G03C7/3029 ,  G03C7/30552 ,  G03C7/3212 ,  G03C7/344 ,  G03C2007/3034 ,  Y10S430/156 ,  Y10S430/158

摘要： This invention relates to a multilayer silver halide photographic element, generally processed with phenylenediamine based developer solutions, comprising a support bearing a cyan dye image-forming unit comprised of at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one cyan dye-forming coupler, a magenta dye image-forming unit comprising at least one green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one magenta dye-forming coupler, and a yellow dye image-forming unit comprising at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one yellow dye-forming coupler, wherein at least one layer additionally contains a 2-substituted-5-amino-1-napthol DIR according to Formula (I): wherein: X is chosen from among hydrogen, halogen atoms, an alkyl group with 6 carbon atoms or less or a N-substituted carbamoyl group where the N substituent is either an alkyl group with 6 carbon atoms or less or an aryl group with 8 total carbon atoms or less; R is a carbonyl or sulfonyl group; and INH is an inhibitor of silver development. It has been found that such 2-substituted-5-amino-1-napthol based DIRs have improved properties and can provide a conventional silver halide photographic element with excellent image structure and color reproduction.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通常用基于苯二胺的显影剂溶液加工的多层卤化银照相元件，其中包含载体，该载体带有青色染料影像形成单元，该单元由至少一种红色感光卤化银乳剂层组成，所述红色感光卤化银乳剂层具有至少一种青色染料 包含至少一种具有与其相关的至少一种形成品红色染料的成色剂的至少一种感绿卤化银乳剂层的品红色染料影像形成单元和包含至少一种蓝色感光性银的黄色染料影像形成单元 卤化物乳剂层，其与至少一种黄色染料形成成色剂相关联，其中至少一层另外含有根据式（I）的2-取代-5-氨基-1-萘酚DIR：其中：X选自氢 卤素原子，6个碳原子或更少的烷基或N-取代的氨基甲酰基，其中N取代基是具有6个碳原子的烷基 或更少或具有8个总碳原子或更少的芳基; R是羰基或磺酰基; 而INH是银发展的抑制剂。 已经发现这种2-取代-5-氨基-1-萘酚基DIR具有改进的性能，并且可以提供具有优异的图像结构和色彩再现的常规卤化银照相元件。

公开(公告)号：US06817702B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-16

申请号：US10293982

申请日：2002-11-13

申请人： Christopher N. Delametter ,  Edward P. Furlani ,  John A. Lebens ,  David P. Trauernicht ,  Antonio Cabal ,  David S. Ross ,  Stephen F. Pond

发明人： Christopher N. Delametter ,  Edward P. Furlani ,  John A. Lebens ,  David P. Trauernicht ,  Antonio Cabal ,  David S. Ross ,  Stephen F. Pond

IPC分类号： B41J205

CPC分类号： B41J2/14427 ,  B41J2/1628 ,  B41J2/1631 ,  B41J2/1648

摘要： An apparatus for and method of operating a thermal actuator for a micromechanical device, especially a liquid drop emitter such as an ink jet printhead, is disclosed. The disclosed thermal actuator comprises a base element and a cantilevered element including a thermo-mechanical bender portion extending from the base element to a free end tip. The thermo-mechanical bender portion includes a barrier layer constructed of a dielectric material having low thermal conductivity, a first deflector layer constructed of a first electrically resistive material having a large coefficient of thermal expansion, and a second deflector layer constructed of a second electrically resistive material having a large coefficient of thermal expansion wherein the barrier layer is bonded between the first and second deflector layers. The thermo-mechanical bender portion further has a base end and base end width, wb, adjacent the base element, and a free end and free end width, wf, adjacent the free end tip, wherein the base end width is substantially greater than the free end width. A first heater resistor is formed in the first deflector layer and adapted to apply heat energy having a first spatial thermal pattern which results in a first deflector layer base end temperature increase, &Dgr;T1b, that is greater than a first deflector layer free end temperature increase, &Dgr;T1f. A second heater resistor is formed in the second deflector layer and adapted to apply heat energy having a second spatial thermal pattern which results in a second deflector layer base end temperature increase, &Dgr;T2b that is greater than a second deflector layer free end temperature increase, &Dgr;T2f. Application of an electrical pulse to either the first or second heater resistors causes deflection of the cantilevered element, followed by restoration of the cantilevered element to an initial position as heat diffuses through the barrier layer and the cantilevered element reaches a uniform temperature. For liquid drop emitter embodiments, the thermal actuator resides in a liquid-filled chamber that includes a nozzle for ejecting liquid. Application of electrical pulses to the heater resistors is used to adjust the characteristics of liquid drop emission. The barrier layer exhibits a heat transfer time constant &tgr;B. The thermal actuator is activated by a heat pulses of duration &tgr;P wherein &tgr;P

公开(公告)号：US06598960B1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-29

申请号：US10154634

申请日：2002-05-23

申请人： Antonio Cabal ,  Edward P. Furlani ,  John A. Lebens ,  David P. Trauernicht ,  David S. Ross

发明人： Antonio Cabal ,  Edward P. Furlani ,  John A. Lebens ,  David P. Trauernicht ,  David S. Ross

IPC分类号： B41J205

CPC分类号： B41J2/14427 ,  B41J2/1623 ,  B41J2/1628 ,  B41J2/1639 ,  B41J2/1646 ,  B41J2/1648

摘要： An apparatus for and method of operating a thermal actuator for a micromechanical device, especially a liquid drop emitter such as an ink jet printhead, is disclosed. The disclosed thermal actuator comprises a base element and a cantilevered element extending a length L from a base element and normally residing at a first position before activation. The cantilevered element includes a barrier layer constructed of a dielectric material having low thermal conductivity, a first deflector layer constructed of a first electrically resistive material having a large coefficient of thermal expansion and patterned to have a first uniform resistor portion extending a length LH1 from the base element, wherein 0.3L≦LH1≦0.7L, and a second deflector layer constructed of a second electrically resistive material having a large coefficient of thermal expansion and patterned to have a second uniform resistor portion extending a length LH2 from the base element, wherein 0.3L≦LH2≦0.7L, and wherein the barrier layer is bonded between the first and second deflector layers. The thermal actuator further comprises a first pair of electrodes connected to the first uniform resistor portion and a second pair of electrodes is connected to the second uniform resistor portion for applying electrical pulses to cause resistive heating of the first or second deflector layers, resulting in thermal expansion of the first or second deflector layer relative to the other. Application of an electrical pulse to either pair of electrodes causes deflection of the cantilevered element away from its first position and, alternately, causes a positive or negative pressure in the liquid at the nozzle of a liquid drop emitter. Application of electrical pulses to the pairs of electrodes is used to adjust the characteristics of liquid drop emission. The barrier layer exhibits a heat transfer time constant &tgr;B. The thermal actuator is activated by a heat pulses of duration &tgr;P wherein &tgr;P

公开(公告)号：US4818414A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-04

申请号：US173704

申请日：1988-03-25

申请人： David S. Ross

发明人： David S. Ross

IPC分类号： C02F3/06 ,  B01D24/22 ,  B01D29/11 ,  B01D35/143 ,  B01D36/02 ,  B01D37/03 ,  C02F1/50 ,  B01D23/24

CPC分类号： B01D35/143 ,  B01D24/22 ,  B01D29/114 ,  B01D36/02 ,  B01D37/03 ,  B01D2201/085

摘要： A process and apparatus for protecting a media bed filter with underlying support screen from solids contained in a liquid, such as filtrate from the filter, used to regenerate or backwash the media bed filter. Filtrate enters a first collection chamber containing a screen assembly covering one outlet, the chamber also containing a second outlet. Filtrate traverses the screen assembly and is transferred to a second collection chamber with addition of a predetermined amount of bactericide to prevent solids growth therein. Upon bactericide-treated filtrate reaching a predetermined level within the second chamber, filtrate in the first chamber bypasses the screen assembly and flows out the second output to further biological treatment or use. Bactericide-treated filtrate from the second collection chamber is used to regenerate or backwash the media bed filter with addition of optional surfactant to assist in cleaning the filter media and underlying support screen. The first collection chamber has an alarm system which detects resistance of filtrate flow traversing the screen assembly and warns that the screen assembly requires cleaning or replacement, thus fully protecting the support screen from solids.

公开(公告)号：US4642396A

公开(公告)日：1987-02-10

申请号：US638436

申请日：1984-08-07

申请人： Richard V. C. Carr ,  Bernard A. Toseland ,  David S. Ross

发明人： Richard V. C. Carr ,  Bernard A. Toseland ,  David S. Ross

IPC分类号： C01B21/36 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C79/10 ,  C07B43/02

CPC分类号： C07C201/16 ,  C01B21/36

摘要： This invention pertains to a process for extracting a nitroaromatic composition from a nitration medium containing nitric acid, water, and nitroaromatic. The process comprises contacting the nitration medium with nitric oxide under conditions such that the nitric oxide will react with the nitric acid to form nitrogen dioxide and water. Gaseous nitrogen dioxide is removed from the reaction medium and accordingly, the dissolved nitroaromatic present in the nitration medium separates to form an organic phase which then can be removed by decantation. Typically, one mole of nitric oxide is added to the nitration medium for every two moles of nitric acid present in said medium. Reaction conditions normally are from about 0.degree. to 90.degree. C.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及从含硝酸，水和硝基芳族化合物的硝化介质中提取硝基芳族组合物的方法。 该方法包括使硝化介质与一氧化氮接触，使得一氧化氮将与硝酸反应形成二氧化氮和水。 从反应介质中除去气态二氧化氮，因此，硝化介质中溶解的硝基芳族化合物分离形成有机相，然后可通过倾析除去有机相。 通常，对于存在于所述介质中的每两摩尔硝酸，向硝化介质中加入1摩尔一氧化氮。 反应条件通常为约0〜90℃