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公开(公告)号：US4002151A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-11
申请号：US574935
申请日：1975-05-06
摘要： A diesel engine characterized in that a part of fuel is reformed into a mixture containing decomposition and oxidation products in a system separate from that of a fuel injection in which a fuel is injected into a compressed air introduced into the cylinders under a high pressure and ignited, and said mixture is introduced into said cylinders during the suction stroke of the engine, and the method for improving the combustion efficiency thereof.
摘要翻译： 一种柴油发动机，其特征在于，将一部分燃料重整成含有分解和氧化产物的混合物，所述混合物在与燃料喷射相分离的系统中分离，其中将燃料喷射到高压下引入气缸的压缩空气中并点燃 并且在发动机的吸入冲程期间将所述混合物引入所述气缸，以及用于提高其燃烧效率的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4089310A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-16
申请号：US674876
申请日：1976-04-08
CPC分类号： F02D41/1439 , F02B1/06 , F02D41/1475
摘要： In an internal combustion engine having a plurality of sequentially operative combustion chambers, harmful components in exhaust gases are reduced. At least one of the combustion chambers is supplied with a rich mixture having a smaller air-to-fuel ratio than the stoichiometric air-to-fuel ratio and the remaining combustion chambers are fed with a lean mixture whose air-to-fuel ratio is greater than the stoichiometric air-to-fuel ratio. At the point where the exhaust gases emitted from the combustion chambers gather, the total air-to-fuel ratio of the rich and lean mixtures is detected producing a signal representing the total air-to-fuel ratio. One of the rich and lean mixtures is controlled in accordance with the air/fuel ratio signal to maintain the total air-to-fuel ratio practically at a predetermined value.
摘要翻译： 在具有多个顺序操作的燃烧室的内燃机中，废气中的有害成分减少。 向燃烧室中的至少一个供给具有比理论空燃比更小的空气 - 燃料比的富混合物，并且剩余的燃烧室供给空气与燃料比为 大于化学计量空气 - 燃料比。 在从燃烧室排出的废气聚集的地方，检测到富和贫混合物的总空燃比，产生表示总空燃比的信号。 丰富和贫乏的混合物之一根据空气/燃料比信号进行控制，以将总空气燃料比实际上保持在预定值。
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公开(公告)号：US4086885A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-02
申请号：US755583
申请日：1976-12-30
IPC分类号： F02B19/10 , F02M3/045 , F02M13/04 , F02M17/08 , F02M31/04 , F02M35/108 , F02B3/00 , F02B75/02
CPC分类号： F02B17/00 , F02B19/1066 , F02M13/046 , F02M17/08 , F02M3/045 , F02M31/047 , F02M35/10196 , F02M35/108 , F02B2275/34 , Y02T10/125 , Y02T10/126
摘要： A carburetor for an internal combustion engine of the stratified combustion type supplies a rich air-fuel mixture in the neighborhood of the ignition plug in each cylinder and a lean air-fuel mixture in the remaining space in the cylinder. The carburetor comprises an air horn, a fuel jet having a nozzle open to the air horn, and main and auxiliary ducts branching from the air horn downstream of the fuel nozzle and extending parallel to each other. Air-fuel mixture produced from both air introduced into the air horn and fuel supplied from the fuel jet is led to both the main and auxiliary ducts. At this time, the rich air-fuel mixture is collected in the auxiliary duct, which is closer to the fuel nozzle, and lean air-fuel mixture is collected in the main duct, which is spaced further from the fuel nozzle. The main and auxiliary ducts are respectively provided with main and auxiliary throttle valves, which are controlled by the accelerator pedal.
摘要翻译： 用于分层燃烧型内燃机的化油器在每个气缸内的火花塞附近提供浓空气燃料混合物，并在气缸的剩余空间中提供稀薄的空气 - 燃料混合物。 化油器包括空气喇叭，具有与空气喇叭相通的喷嘴的燃料喷射器以及从燃料喷嘴下游的空气喇叭分支并且彼此平行延伸的主和辅助管道。 从引入空气喇叭的两个空气产生的空气燃料混合物和从燃料射流供给的燃料被引导到主管道和辅助管道。 此时，富空燃混合物被收集在更靠近燃料喷嘴的辅助管道中，稀空燃混合物被收集在与燃料喷嘴间隔开的主管道中。 主管和辅助管分别设有主加油踏板控制的主节流阀和辅助节流阀。
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公开(公告)号：US4143627A
公开(公告)日：1979-03-13
申请号：US784370
申请日：1977-04-04
CPC分类号： F02B19/1066 , F02B1/04 , Y02T10/125
摘要： An internal combustion engine having a main combustion chamber connected to an intake port for an air-fuel mixture, and an auxiliary combustion or a precombustion chamber communicated with the main combustion chamber through a plurality of torch apertures. The auxiliary combustion chamber is, before a combustion stroke of the engine, supplied through the torch apertures with an amount of the mixture for pre-combustion therein. A spark plug has a set of electrodes disposed in at least one of the torch apertures for causing the pre-combustion of the mixture in the auxiliary combustion chamber to thereby generate torch jets which are directed into the main combustion chamber to ignite the mixture therein. The torch apertures are arranged such that the residual combustion gases produced during a combustion stroke of the engine and retained in the auxiliary combustion chamber are forced out therefrom through at least one of the torch apertures during a succeeding intake stroke, due to the mixture flowing into the auxiliary combustion chamber through the other torch aperture or apertures.
摘要翻译： 具有连接到空气 - 燃料混合物的进气口的主燃烧室和通过多个割炬孔与主燃烧室连通的辅助燃烧或预燃室的内燃机。 辅助燃烧室在发动机的燃烧冲程之前通过喷枪孔提供一定量的用于在其中预燃烧的混合物。 火花塞具有设置在至少一个炬孔中的一组电极，用于使辅助燃烧室中的混合物预燃烧，从而产生被引导到主燃烧室中以将其中的混合物点燃的炬射流。 割炬孔布置成使得在发动机的燃烧冲程期间产生并保持在辅助燃烧室中的残余燃烧气体在后续进气冲程期间通过至少一个火炬孔从其中被迫出来，这是由于混合物流入 辅助燃烧室通过其他炬孔或孔。
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公开(公告)号：US4132212A
公开(公告)日：1979-01-02
申请号：US782512
申请日：1977-03-29
CPC分类号： F02B19/1066 , F02B1/04 , Y02T10/125
摘要： A torch-ignition internal combustion engine has a trap chamber formed in the engine cylinder head and communicated with a main combustion chamber through a plurality of torch apertures. An intake port extends through the cylinder head to the main combustion chamber to feed a charge of an air-fuel mixture thereinto when an intake valve is open on an intake stroke of the engine. At least one of the torch apertures is positioned and directed relative to the downstream end of the intake port such that a part of the mixture charge to the main combustion chamber flows through the one torch aperture into the trap chamber during the intake stroke of the engine to simultaneously force out the residual gases produced during a preceding combustion stroke through the other torch aperture or apertures into the main combustion chamber. A part of the mixture fed into the main combustion chamber is forced through the torch apertures into the trap chamber on a succeeding compression stroke to urge any residual combustion gases in the main and trap chambers toward the inner part of the trap chamber remote from the main combustion chamber. A spark plug is mounted on the cylinder head such that the plug electrodes are disposed within the main combustion chamber adjacent to that end of one of the torch apertures which is open to the main combustion chamber to cause an initial spark-ignition of the mixture adjacent to the plug electrodes. The spark-ignition produces a fire which propagates into the trap chamber through the torch aperture adjacent to the plug electrodes whereby the mixture in the trap chamber is burnt to produce a combustion flame which spurts through all the torch apertures into the main combustion chamber to form strong torch jets for the torch-ignition of the mixture in the main combustion chamber.
摘要翻译： 火炬点火式内燃机具有形成在发动机气缸盖中的收集室，并通过多个割炬孔与主燃烧室连通。 当进气门在发动机的进气冲程中打开时，进气口通过气缸盖延伸到主燃烧室以将空气燃料混合物的进料供给。 至少一个割炬孔相对于进气口的下游端被定位和定向，使得在主机的进气冲程期间，向主燃烧室充入的混合物的一部分流过一个炬孔进入捕集室 同时迫使在前一次燃烧行程中产生的剩余气体通过另一个炬孔或孔进入主燃烧室。 进入主燃烧室的混合物的一部分在随后的压缩冲程中被迫通过割炬孔进入捕集室，以将主室和捕集室中的任何残余燃烧气体推向远离主体的捕集室的内部 燃烧室。 火花塞安装在气缸盖上，使得塞电极设置在与主燃烧室开口的一个割炬孔的端部相邻的主燃烧室内，以使混合物的初始火花点火相邻 到插头电极。 火花点火产生火焰，其通过与插塞电极相邻的手电筒孔传播到陷阱室中，由此捕获室中的混合物被燃烧以产生燃烧火焰，燃烧火焰通过所有割炬孔喷射到主燃烧室中以形成 用于在主燃烧室中的混合物的火炬点火的强烈的火炬射流。
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公开(公告)号：US4034720A
公开(公告)日：1977-07-12
申请号：US554237
申请日：1975-02-28
CPC分类号： F02M59/30 , F02B19/1066 , F02D41/24 , F02M69/044 , F02B1/04 , Y02T10/125
摘要： The invention discloses an internal combustion engine wherein each cylinder includes a main combustion chamber, an intake port opening into the main combustion chamber, an intake valve for opening and closing the intake port, an intake passage communicating with the main combustion chamber through the intake port for charging the lean mixture into a main combustion chamber, a trap chamber with a spark plug, and a fuel injection nozzle disposed in the intake passage and actuatable in response to a signal from a control system to inject a fuel at least one time during the suction stroke, thereby causing a rich mixture to be trapped in a trap chamber to ensure the positive ignition. The fuel is also injected during another stroke other than the suction stroke in which the fuel is completely vaporized, so that the lean mixture, may be charged into the main combustion chamber during the next suction stroke. Thus, the HC emission may be substantially reduced. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the quantity of the fuel to be injected during the suction stroke to the total quantity of the fuel to be injected in each cycle of the engine is varied so that the rich mixture (in a minimum quantity but sufficient for ensuring the positive ignition in the trap chamber) may be supplied, as as to further reduce the pollutant emission.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种内燃机，其中每个气缸包括主燃烧室，通向主燃烧室的进气口，用于打开和关闭进气口的进气门，通过进气口与主燃烧室连通的进气通道 用于将贫混合物装入主燃烧室，具有火花塞的捕集室和设置在进气通道中的燃料喷射喷嘴，并且可响应于来自控制系统的信号而致动，以在至少一次期间喷射燃料 吸入冲程，从而使富混合物被捕获在捕集室中以确保正点燃。 在除了燃料完全蒸发的吸入冲程以外的另一行程中，燃料也被喷射，使得稀混合物可以在下次吸气冲程期间被装入主燃烧室。 因此，可以显着地减少HC排放。 根据本发明的一个实施例，改变在吸入冲程期间要喷射的燃料的量与在发动机的每个循环中喷射的燃料的总量的比例，使得富混合物 可以提供最小数量但足以确保捕集室中的正点火），以进一步减少污染物排放。
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公开(公告)号：US3974818A
公开(公告)日：1976-08-17
申请号：US434216
申请日：1974-01-17
IPC分类号： F02B20060101 , F02B1/04 , F02B19/10 , F02B19/16
CPC分类号： F02B19/1066 , F02B1/04 , Y02T10/125
摘要： A stratified internal combustion engine has a trap chamber for rich mixture having suction and discharge apertures communicating the trap chamber with the principal combustion chamber. A separating wall is provided between the suction and discharge apertures to divide a portion of the trap chamber into two spaces or pockets, one communicating with the suction aperture and the other communicating with the discharge aperture, for thereby facilitating the introduction of rich mixture into the trap chamber and scavenging the residual gases in the trap chamber and improving the trapping effect of the trap chamber with a resultant improvement in stratified combustion in the engine.
摘要翻译： 分层内燃机具有用于富混合物的捕集室，其具有将捕集室与主燃烧室连通的吸入和排出孔。 分离壁设置在吸入孔和排出孔之间，以将捕集室的一部分分成两个空间或袋，一个与吸入孔连通，另一个与排出孔连通，从而有助于将富混合物引入 捕集室并清除捕集室中的残留气体，并提高捕集室的捕集效应，从而改善发动机分层燃烧。
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公开(公告)号：US3955538A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-11
申请号：US487785
申请日：1974-07-11
CPC分类号： H01M2/00 , F02B19/10 , F02B19/1066 , F02B27/04 , F02M27/04 , F02M31/163 , F02B1/04 , Y02T10/125 , Y02T10/126 , Y02T10/146
摘要： A fuel reforming system for use in an intake system of an internal combustion engine operable with a hydrocarbon fuel has a spark plug or plugs for intermittently producing spark discharges to cause imperfect combustion of a rich air-fuel mixture so that a part of the fuel is reformed into intermediate combustion products and the large portion of the remainder of the fuel is vaporized by the heat produced by the imperfect combustion, whereby the reformed mixture is made optimum for combustion to thereby enable the engine to perform an optimum operation.
摘要翻译： 一种用于能够与碳氢化合物燃料一起操作的内燃机的进气系统中的燃料重整系统具有用于间歇地产生火花放电的火花塞或塞，从而导致富空燃混合物的不完全燃烧，使得部分燃料为 重新形成中间燃烧产物，剩余的燃料的大部分被不完美燃烧产生的热量蒸发，由此使重整混合物最适于燃烧，从而使发动机能够进行最佳的操作。
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公开(公告)号：US4127095A
公开(公告)日：1978-11-28
申请号：US787223
申请日：1977-04-13
CPC分类号： F02B19/12 , F02B1/04 , Y02T10/125
摘要： A torch-ignition internal combustion engine has a main and pre-combustion chambers communicated with each other through a torch aperture. Electrodes of a spark plug are disposed in the pre-combustion chamber at a point remote from the torch aperture. A fresh charge of a lean air-fuel mixture is supplied through an intake port into the main chamber on an intake stroke and compressed during a compression stroke so that a part of the fresh mixture charge is introduced through the torch aperture into the pre-combustion chamber. A tubular passage is provided and extends in the pre-combustion chamber toward the plug electrodes to guide the mixture part from the torch aperture toward the plug electrodes during the compression stroke for thereby displacing residual combustion gases away therefrom whereby the plug electrodes are scavenged for improved reliable spark-ignition of the mixture therearound to produce an initial combustion flame which propagates into the passage to produce a torch running through the torch aperture into the main chamber for the torch-ignition of the mixture charge therein. The residual combustion gases in the pre-combustion chamber are mixed with a portion of the fresh mixture part introduced into the pre-combustion chamber to form a stratum or strata of combustible gas which is retained in a space or spaces therein remote from the plug electrodes and which is also burnt by the initial combustion flame at a vurning velocity lower than that of the fresh mixture in the passage. The production of the torch lasts by the time the combustion of the stratum or strata of the combustible gas is completed, whereby the duration of the torch is greatly prolonged compared with the prior art with a resultant improved torch-ignition of the mixture in the main chamber.
摘要翻译： 火炬点火内燃机具有通过炬孔彼此连通的主燃烧室和预燃烧室。 火花塞的电极设置在远离焊炬孔的点处的预燃烧室中。 稀薄空气燃料混合物的新鲜装料通过进气口在进气冲程中被供给到主室中并在压缩冲程期间被压缩，使得新鲜混合料的一部分通过炬孔被引入预燃烧 房间。 提供管状通道并在预燃室中朝向插塞电极延伸，以在压缩冲程期间将混合部分从炬孔引导到插塞电极，从而将残留的燃烧气体移开，从而使塞电极被清除以改善 可靠地在其周围产生混合物的火花点火，以产生传播到通道中的初始燃烧火焰，以产生通过炬孔进入主室的割炬，用于在其中进行火焰点燃。 将预燃烧室中的残余燃烧气体与引入预燃烧室的新鲜混合物部分的一部分混合以形成可燃气体的层或层，其保持在远离插塞电极的空间或空间中 并且其还被初始燃烧火焰以比通道中的新鲜混合物低的涡旋速度燃烧。 在可燃气体的层或层的燃烧完成之后，手电筒的产生持续，从而与现有技术相比，焊枪的持续时间大大延长，从而改善了主体中混合物的割炬点火 房间。
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公开(公告)号：US4106448A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-15
申请号：US657201
申请日：1976-02-11
CPC分类号： F02B1/06 , F02B19/10 , F02B19/1066 , F02D37/02 , F02D41/24 , F02P5/15 , Y02T10/125 , Y02T10/46
摘要： All of combustion chambers receive a lean air-fuel charge at low and medium engine power demands. As the engine power demand increases, a rich air-fuel charge is supplied to one or a suitable number of the combustion chambers with countermeasures being provided to suppress the formation of nitrogen oxides, such as, an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and the torch effect of a torch ignition system, the remaining combustion chambers, if any, receiving a lean air-fuel charge.Exhaust gases from all of the combustion chambers are converged to oxidize hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide formed by the combustion of the rich air-fuel charge when the combustion chambers respectively receive rich and lean air-fuel charges.
摘要翻译： 所有燃烧室在低和中等发动机功率需求下都能接收稀薄的空气燃料。 随着发动机功率需求的增加，向一个或适当数量的燃烧室供应浓气体燃料，其中提供了对抗措施以抑制氮氧化物的形成，例如废气再循环（EGR）和火炬 火炬点火系统的效果，剩余的燃烧室（如果有的话）接收稀薄的空气燃料装料。
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