公开(公告)号：US5654229A

公开(公告)日：1997-08-05

申请号：US430005

申请日：1995-04-26

申请人： Florence E. Leplingard ,  John J. Kingston ,  Ross D. Bringans ,  David K. Fork ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  David F. Welch ,  Randall S. Geels

发明人： Florence E. Leplingard ,  John J. Kingston ,  Ross D. Bringans ,  David K. Fork ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  David F. Welch ,  Randall S. Geels

IPC分类号： G02F1/37 ,  G02F1/355 ,  H01S3/109 ,  H01L21/20

CPC分类号： G02F1/3558 ,  Y10S117/918

摘要： A method for providing an nonlinear, frequency converting optical QPM waveguide device by growing a first ferroelectric oxide film or layer on a second ferroelectric layer or medium wherein, in first and second embodiments, respectively, the second layer is initially provided with a periodic nonlinear coefficient pattern or a periodic pattern comprising a seed layer. During the growth of the first layer, the periodic pattern formed in the second layer, is replicated, transformed or induced into the first layer resulting in a plurality of substantially rectangular prismatic-shaped domains in the first layer having the periodic nonlinear coefficient pattern status based upon the periodic patterning of the second layer. In a third embodiment, the periodic nonlinear coefficient pattern may be introduced into the first layer after completion of its growth, and the periodic nonlinear coefficient pattern status of the first layer, at the interface between the first and second layers, is transposed or migrated into the second layer forming a plurality of substantially rectangular prismatic-shaped domains in the second layer having the periodic nonlinear coefficient pattern status of the first layer. In the first and second embodiments, the optical QPM waveguide is the first layer and in the third embodiment, the optical QPM waveguide is the second layer.

摘要翻译： 一种用于通过在第二铁电层或介质上生长第一铁电氧化物膜或层的非线性频率转换光QPM波导器件的方法，其中在第一和第二实施例中，第二层分别开始提供周期性非线性系数 图案或包括种子层的周期性图案。 在第一层的生长期间，形成在第二层中的周期性图案被复制，变换或诱导成第一层，从而在第一层中形成多个具有基于周期性非线性系数模式状态的基本上矩形的棱柱形结构域 在第二层的周期性图案化时。 在第三实施例中，周期性非线性系数模式可以在其生长完成之后被引入第一层，并且第一层和第二层之间的界面处的第一层的周期性非线性系数模式状态被转置或迁移 所述第二层在所述第二层中形成具有所述第一层的周期性非线性系数图案状态的多个基本上矩形的棱柱形域。 在第一和第二实施例中，光QPM波导是第一层，在第三实施例中，光QPM波导是第二层。

公开(公告)号：US5384797A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-24

申请号：US949452

申请日：1992-09-21

申请人： David F. Welch ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Jo S. Major ,  Ross D. Bringans ,  David K. Fork ,  G. A. Neville Connell ,  Robert L. Thornton

发明人： David F. Welch ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Jo S. Major ,  Ross D. Bringans ,  David K. Fork ,  G. A. Neville Connell ,  Robert L. Thornton

IPC分类号： H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/34 ,  H01S5/40 ,  H01S3/082 ,  H01S3/1055 ,  H01S3/109

CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 ,  H01S5/4031 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/3413 ,  H01S5/3414 ,  H01S5/4087

摘要： A monolithic multi-wavelength laser diode array having a composite active region of at least two dissimilar quantum well layers that are partially mixed in at least one of their constituent atomic species in at least one area of the active region. Different areas of the active region are characterized by different emission wavelengths determined by the degree of intermixing. An impurity free interdiffusion, such as vacancy enhanced interdiffusion, is used to provide the intermixing. Each area may have one or more waveguides and distributed Bragg reflector gratings tuned to the emission wavelength of the corresponding area of the active region. Each area or waveguide may also be separately pumped with an individually addressable current injection electrode. The laser output may be coupled into a ferroelectric frequency doubler integrally formed on the array substrate. The frequency doubler has periodically poled waveguides for quasi-phase matching in front of areas of the laser array emitting light which is to be doubled in frequency.

摘要翻译： 一种单片多波长激光二极管阵列，其具有至少两个不同的量子阱层的复合有源区，所述至少两个不同的量子阱层在其活性区域的至少一个区域中的至少一个构成原子物质中被部分混合。 有源区的不同区域的特征在于由混合程度决定的不同发射波长。 使用无杂质的相互扩散，例如空位增强相互扩散，以提供混合。 每个区域可以具有调谐到有源区域的对应区域的发射波长的一个或多个波导和分布布拉格反射器光栅。 每个区域或波导也可以用单独可寻址的电流注入电极单独泵送。 激光输出可以耦合到一体地形成在阵列基板上的铁电倍频器。 倍频器在发射要频率倍增的激光器阵列的区域之前周期性地极化用于准相位匹配的波导。

公开(公告)号：US5677920A

公开(公告)日：1997-10-14

申请号：US572029

申请日：1995-12-14

申请人： Robert G. Waarts ,  David F. Welch ,  Steven Sanders ,  Donald R. Scifres

发明人： Robert G. Waarts ,  David F. Welch ,  Steven Sanders ,  Donald R. Scifres

IPC分类号： G02B6/036 ,  G02B6/42 ,  H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/094 ,  H01S3/0941 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/40 ,  H01S3/30

CPC分类号： G02B6/03638 ,  G02B6/03605 ,  G02B6/03633 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/094003 ,  C03B2201/82 ,  C03B2203/12 ,  C03B2203/32 ,  G02B6/4204 ,  H01S3/06729 ,  H01S3/0675 ,  H01S3/094069 ,  H01S3/094092 ,  H01S3/0941 ,  H01S5/1064 ,  H01S5/4025

摘要： An upconversion fiber laser uses a pump source which may be another fiber laser, such as a high power, diode-laser-pumped, fiber laser. The upconversion fiber laser includes an optical fiber whose core region is doped with an active lasing ionic species capable when optically pumped of undergoing upconversion excitation, such as certain rare earth ionic species, and which is embedded in a cladding of the optical fiber. Use of a fiber pump laser can improve coupling of pump light into the optical fiber, thereby achieving higher pump intensities in the core region and improved upconversion efficiency. The upconversion fiber laser's resonant laser cavity is defined by feedback means which can include at least one reflective grating formed in the optical fiber, as well as a reflective end face of the optical fiber. Any portion of the optical fiber that lies outside of the resonant laser cavity, such as any portion beyond the integral reflective grating, may act as an optical power amplifier for the upconverted laser output. The disclosure includes other embodiments in which pump brightness can be further increased with multiple pump sources.

摘要翻译： 上转换光纤激光器使用可以是另一种光纤激光器的泵浦源，例如高功率，二极管激光泵浦的光纤激光器。 上转换光纤激光器包括光纤，其核心区域掺杂有当被泵浦经历上转换激发的活性激光离子物质，例如某些稀土离子物质，并且嵌入在光纤的包层中。 使用纤维泵浦激光器可以改善泵浦光与光纤的耦合，从而在芯区域实现更高的泵浦强度，并提高上转换效率。 上变频光纤激光器的谐振激光腔由反射装置限定，该反馈装置可以包括形成在光纤中的至少一个反射光栅以及光纤的反射端面。 位于谐振激光腔外部的光纤的任何部分，例如整个反射光栅之外的任何部分，都可以作为上变频激光输出的光功率放大器。 本公开包括其中可以使用多个泵浦源进一步增加泵亮度的其他实施例。

公开(公告)号：US5321718A

公开(公告)日：1994-06-14

申请号：US10279

申请日：1993-01-28

申请人： Robert G. Waarts ,  David F. Welch ,  Donald R. Scifres ,  Robert J. Lang ,  Derek W. Nam

发明人： Robert G. Waarts ,  David F. Welch ,  Donald R. Scifres ,  Robert J. Lang ,  Derek W. Nam

IPC分类号： G02F1/37 ,  H01S3/00 ,  H01S5/00 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/0625 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/12 ,  H01S5/14 ,  H01S5/187 ,  H01S5/40 ,  H01S5/50 ,  H01S3/08 ,  H01S3/10

CPC分类号： H01S5/50 ,  G02F1/37 ,  H01S5/0265 ,  H01S5/005 ,  H01S5/0092 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/06256 ,  H01S5/1064 ,  H01S5/1215 ,  H01S5/141 ,  H01S5/187 ,  H01S5/4025 ,  H01S5/4031 ,  H01S5/4068 ,  H01S5/4087

摘要： A compact semiconductor laser light source providing short wavelength (ultraviolet, blue or green) coherent light by means of frequency doubling of red or infrared light from a high power diode heterostructure. The high power diode heterostructure is a MOPA device having a single mode laser oscillator followed by a multimode, preferably flared, optical power amplifier. A tunable configuration having an external rear reflector grating could also be used. A lens could be integrated with the MOPA to laterally collimate the light before it is emitted. Straight or curved, surface emitting gratings could also be incorporated. An astigmatism-correcting lens system having at least one cylindrical lens surface is disposed in the path of the output from the MOPA to provide a beam with substantially equal lateral and transverse beam width dimensions and beam divergence angles. A nonlinear optical crystal or waveguide is placed in the path of the astigmatism-free symmetrized beam to double the frequency of the light. Single pass or multipass configurations with reflectors could be used, as well as external resonator and segmented, periodically poled waveguide configurations.

摘要翻译： 一种紧凑的半导体激光光源，通过从高功率二极管异质结构的红色或红外光的倍频提供短波长（紫外线，蓝色或绿色）相干光。 高功率二极管异质结构是具有单模激光振荡器的MOPA器件，其后是多模，优选为扩展的光功率放大器。 也可以使用具有外部后反射器光栅的可调构造。 透镜可以与MOPA集成，以在发射光之前对光进行横向准直。 还可以结合直的或弯曲的表面发射光栅。 具有至少一个柱面透镜表面的散光校正透镜系统设置在来自MOPA的输出的路径中，以提供具有基本相等的横向和横向波束宽度尺寸和光束发散角的光束。 将非线性光学晶体或波导放置在无散光对称光束的路径中，将光的频率加倍。 可以使用具有反射器的单通或多通道配置，以及外部谐振器和分段的周期性极化波导配置。

公开(公告)号：US5255332A

公开(公告)日：1993-10-19

申请号：US915918

申请日：1992-07-16

申请人： David F. Welch ,  Donald R. Scifres ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Amos A. Hardy ,  David G. Mehuys ,  Stephen O'Brien

发明人： David F. Welch ,  Donald R. Scifres ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Amos A. Hardy ,  David G. Mehuys ,  Stephen O'Brien

IPC分类号： G02B6/28 ,  G02F1/017 ,  G02F1/313 ,  H04Q3/52 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  G02B6/36

CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/2804 ,  G02B6/2848 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02F1/017 ,  G02F2201/305

摘要： An optical crossbar switch matrix for use in switching optical signals from a first set of optical fibers to a second set of optical fibers, in any order, which is characterized by having a matrix of rows and columns of diffraction gratings formed in a semiconductor heterostructure. Each grating is independently biased with either a forward or reverse bias voltage to switch the grating between a reflective state and a transmissive state. The gratings are oriented at an angle relative to the rows and columns so that when the Bragg condition for the light received from an optical film is met, a portion of the light is diffracted from the row in which it is propagating into a column toward another optical fiber. The heterostructure may include optical amplifiers to restore the optical signal to its original power level. Beam expanding, collimating and focussing optics may also be integrated into the heterostructure.

摘要翻译： 一种用于将光信号从第一组光纤切换到第二组光纤的光学交叉开关矩阵，其特征在于具有在半导体异质结构中形成的行和列的衍射光栅的矩阵。 每个光栅被独立地偏置有正向或反向偏置电压，以在反射状态和透射状态之间切换光栅。 光栅相对于行和列以一定角度取向，使得当满足从光学膜接收的光的布拉格条件时，光的一部分从其正在传播到列的行衍射成另一个 光纤。 异质结构可以包括将光信号恢复到其原始功率电平的光放大器。 光束扩展，准直和聚焦光学器件也可以整合到异质结构中。

公开(公告)号：US5231642A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-27

申请号：US880681

申请日：1992-05-08

申请人： Donald R. Scifres ,  Kenneth M. Dzurko ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  David F. Welch ,  Amos Hardy ,  Stephen O'Brien

发明人： Donald R. Scifres ,  Kenneth M. Dzurko ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  David F. Welch ,  Amos Hardy ,  Stephen O'Brien

IPC分类号： H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/028 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/125 ,  H01S5/187 ,  H01S5/20 ,  H01S5/40 ,  H01S5/42 ,  H01S5/50

CPC分类号： H01S5/1032 ,  H01S5/1071 ,  H01S5/20 ,  H01S5/423 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/028 ,  H01S5/1243 ,  H01S5/125 ,  H01S5/187 ,  H01S5/2036 ,  H01S5/4075 ,  H01S5/42 ,  H01S5/50

摘要： A semiconductor laser that includes at least one grating reflector with a grating period selected to diffract at a nonperpendicular angle within the plane of the laser waveguide. This allows dispersal of laser light, eliminating filamentary multimode operation of broad area lasers. In one embodiment, the grating reflector couples light between a single transverse mode waveguide portion of the optical cavity and a second, broad area, portion that is not collinear with the single mode waveguide. In another embodiment, the cavity favors a ring mode of oscillation. One or more grating reflectors form part of the feedback mechanism which forms a resonant optical cavity with noncollinear portions. Other reflectors in the feedback mechanism include facet reflectors which can be cleaved or ion milled, or semiconductor material refractive index boundaries. Laser embodiments with two or more grating reflectors can be independently tuned to provide a high rate of amplitude modulation. Spatial beam deflection and wavelength tuning are also achieved. A stable unidirectional ring laser is also described. Multiple ring laser cavities can also be coupled together by partially reflecting grating reflectors to form a laser array.

摘要翻译： 一种半导体激光器，其包括至少一个具有光栅周期的光栅反射器，所述光栅反射器被选择为在激光波导的平面内以非垂直角衍射。 这允许分散激光，消除广域激光器的丝状多模操作。 在一个实施例中，光栅反射器将光耦合在光腔的单个横模式波导部分与不与单模波导共线的第二宽区域部分之间耦合。 在另一个实施例中，空腔有利于环形振荡模式。 一个或多个光栅反射器形成反馈机构的一部分，其形成具有非共线部分的谐振光腔。 反馈机构中的其他反射器包括可以被切割或离子研磨的面反射器，或半导体材料的折射率边界。 具有两个或更多个光栅反射器的激光器实施例可以被独立地调谐以提供高的幅度调制率。 还实现了空间光束偏转和波长调谐。 还描述了稳定的单向环形激光器。 多环激光腔也可以通过部分反射光栅反射器耦合在一起形成激光阵列。

公开(公告)号：US5185752A

公开(公告)日：1993-02-09

申请号：US837819

申请日：1992-02-18

申请人： David F. Welch ,  Robert G. Waarts

发明人： David F. Welch ,  Robert G. Waarts

IPC分类号： G02F1/35 ,  H01S3/109 ,  H01S5/06 ,  H01S5/065 ,  H01S5/14

CPC分类号： H01S5/141 ,  G02F1/3775 ,  G02F2001/3548 ,  G02F2202/20 ,  H01S5/0092 ,  H01S5/02252 ,  H01S5/0654 ,  H01S5/4062 ,  H01S5/4087

摘要： Arrangements for efficiently coupling light between a laser diode and a second-harmonic generator which feature external resonant cavities that include a feedback grating fabricated on the second-harmonic generator. The feedback grating reflects light of a first frequency that matches the frequency doubling band of the second-harmonic generator, thereby establishing stable laser oscillation at that first frequency. Preferably, the second-harmonic generator has a periodically-poled waveguide formed in the surface of the nonlinear material body. The laser diode may be butted against the harmonic generator or coupling optics may be positioned between the two. In one arrangement, a polarizer is placed in the resonant cavity, either between an external back reflector and the back facet of the laser diode or between the antireflection coated front facet of the laser diode and the harmonic generator, to provide loss to the TE polarization mode and enhance oscillation in the TM polarization mode. In another arrangement, a half-wave plate is positioned between the antireflection coated front facet of the laser diode and the input end of the harmonic generator to cause TE mode oscillation in the laser diode, while coupling TM polarized light into the harmonic generator. The laser diode may be a monolithic laser diode array with multiple emitters, with the second-harmonic generator having multiple waveguides for receiving and doubling the frequency of light received from a corresponding diode emitter. The diode array may be a multiple wavelength array.

摘要翻译： 用于在激光二极管和二次谐波发生器之间有效耦合光的布置，其特征在于包括在二次谐波发生器上制造的反馈光栅的外部谐振腔。 反馈光栅反射与二次谐波发生器的倍频带匹配的第一频率的光，从而在该第一频率处建立稳定的激光振荡。 优选地，二次谐波发生器具有形成在非线性材料体的表面中的周期性极化的波导。 激光二极管可以对着谐波发生器，或者耦合光学器件可以位于两者之间。 在一种布置中，偏振器被放置在谐振腔中，无论是在外部后反射器和激光二极管的背面之间，还是在激光二极管的抗反射涂覆的前面与谐波发生器之间，以提供TE偏振损耗 模式，并增强TM偏振模式下的振荡。 在另一种布置中，半波片位于激光二极管的抗反射涂层前面和谐波发生器的输入端之间，以在激光二极管中引起TE模式振荡，同时将TM偏振光耦合到谐波发生器中。 激光二极管可以是具有多个发射器的单片激光二极管阵列，其中二次谐波发生器具有多个波导，用于接收并加倍从相应的二极管发射器接收的光的频率。 二极管阵列可以是多波长阵列。

公开(公告)号：US5530709A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-25

申请号：US301544

申请日：1994-09-06

申请人： Robert G. Waarts ,  David F. Welch ,  Steven Sanders ,  Donald R. Scifres

发明人： Robert G. Waarts ,  David F. Welch ,  Steven Sanders ,  Donald R. Scifres

IPC分类号： G02B6/036 ,  G02B6/42 ,  H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/094 ,  H01S3/0941 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/40 ,  H01S3/30

CPC分类号： G02B6/03638 ,  G02B6/03605 ,  G02B6/03633 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/094003 ,  C03B2201/82 ,  C03B2203/12 ,  C03B2203/32 ,  G02B6/4204 ,  H01S3/06729 ,  H01S3/0675 ,  H01S3/094069 ,  H01S3/094092 ,  H01S3/0941 ,  H01S5/1064 ,  H01S5/4025

摘要： An upconversion fiber laser with a double-clad fiber is pumped with a laser-diode-based laser pump source, the inner cladding of the fiber forming a low transmission loss waveguide for the pump light. The central core of the fiber is doped with an active lasing ionic species capable of undergoing upconversion excitation, such as certain rare earth ionic species. The use of a double-clad fiber permits the use of high power, high brightness laser diodes, including those with broad emitting apertures, as well as high power diode laser pumped fiber lasers, as the pump source, thereby achieving higher pump intensities within the upconversion laser fiber and improved upconversion efficiency. Pump brightness can be further increased with multiple pump schemes which use multiple pump wavelengths in different absorption bands, multiple pump wavelengths within the same absorption band, pump light from pairs of cross-polarized sources, and pumping from both ends of the fiber.

摘要翻译： 具有双包层光纤的上转换光纤激光器用基于激光二极管的激光泵浦泵浦，纤维的内包层形成用于泵浦光的低传输损耗波导。 纤维的中心芯掺杂有能够经历上转换激发的活性激光离子物质，例如某些稀土离子物质。 使用双包层光纤允许使用大功率，高亮度激光二极管，包括具有广泛发射孔的激光二极管，以及作为泵浦源的大功率二极管激光泵浦光纤激光器，从而实现更高的泵浦强度 上转换激光光纤，提高转换效率。 泵浦亮度可以通过多种泵方案进一步提高，这些泵方案在不同吸收带内使用多个泵浦波长，在同一吸收带内的多个泵浦波长，来自成对的交叉极化源的泵浦光以及来自光纤两端的泵浦。

公开(公告)号：US5440576A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-08

申请号：US229383

申请日：1994-04-18

申请人： David F. Welch ,  Robert J. Lang ,  Julian S. Osinski ,  Kenneth M. Dzurko ,  David G. Mehuys ,  Robert G. Waarts

发明人： David F. Welch ,  Robert J. Lang ,  Julian S. Osinski ,  Kenneth M. Dzurko ,  David G. Mehuys ,  Robert G. Waarts

IPC分类号： H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/40 ,  H01S5/50 ,  H01S3/10

CPC分类号： H01S5/4031 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/1064 ,  H01S5/50

摘要： A phased array of flared amplifiers fed by phase adjusters and a power splitter produces a single high power beam when the flared amplifier sections are aligned and closely spaced. In one embodiment the array is excited by a DBR laser integrated into the same substrate as the flared amplifiers. In another embodiment the array is self-excited and forms a laser between an edge of the substrate common to the power splitter and an edge of the substrate common to the flared amplifier.

摘要翻译： 当相位调节器和功率分配器馈送的相控放大器的相控阵列当扩张放大器部分对准并且紧密间隔时产生单个高功率光束。 在一个实施例中，阵列由与发射放大器集成在同一衬底中的DBR激光器激发。 在另一个实施例中，阵列是自激的，并且在功率分配器公共的衬底的边缘与扩张放大器公共的衬底的边缘之间形成激光。

公开(公告)号：US06298187B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-02

申请号：US09713671

申请日：2000-11-14

申请人： Robert G. Waarts ,  David F. Welch ,  Stephen G. Grubb ,  Jean-Luc Archambault ,  Donald R. Scifres

发明人： Robert G. Waarts ,  David F. Welch ,  Stephen G. Grubb ,  Jean-Luc Archambault ,  Donald R. Scifres

IPC分类号： G02B634

CPC分类号： G02B6/29319 ,  H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/0675 ,  H01S3/094015 ,  H01S3/2383 ,  H01S3/2391 ,  H01S3/30 ,  H01S3/302 ,  H01S5/146 ,  H01S5/4012 ,  H01S5/4025 ,  H01S5/4031 ,  H04B10/291

摘要： Power scaling by multiplexing multiple fiber gain sources with different wavelengths, pulsing or polarization modes of operation is achieved through multiplex combining of the multiple fiber gain sources to provide high power outputs, such as ranging from tens of watts to hundreds of watts, provided on a single mode or multimode fiber.

摘要翻译： 通过复用具有不同波长，脉冲或极化工作模式的多个光纤增益源进行功率放大，可通过多个光纤增益源的多路复合组合来实现，以提供高功率输出，例如范围从几十瓦至几百瓦， 单模或多模光纤。