Method for remediating sites contaminated with toxic waste
    1.
    发明授权
    Method for remediating sites contaminated with toxic waste 有权
    修复受有毒废物污染的场所的方法

    公开(公告)号:US6049021A

    公开(公告)日:2000-04-11

    申请号:US248879

    申请日:1999-02-11

    CPC分类号: B09C1/08 G21F9/001 G21F9/30

    摘要: Methods for decontaminating toxic waste, particularly solid carrier materials, such as soil contaminated with a toxin, or solid mixed wastes are more efficiently decontaminated with solvated electrons by first extracting the toxin from the carrier with a nitrogenous base at elevated temperatures, followed by a temperature reduction before initiating chemical reduction of the toxin with solvated electrons. Pre-extraction of the toxin at elevated temperatures followed by temperature reduction minimizes competing side reactions, improves selectivity of solvated electrons for the toxin and improves the economics of the process with more efficient metal utilization. The process can be performed without separation of the toxin from the extraction vessel holding the solid carrier material. Alternatively, elevated temperatures can be used to perform one or more extractions of toxin with nitrogenous base followed by reduction with solvated electrons by performing the reaction in a separate reactor. The processes of the invention are useful in the destruction of virtually any chemically reducible hazardous substance.

    摘要翻译: 用有毒废物,特别是固体载体材料(如毒素污染的土壤)或固体混合废物进行净化的方法,通过首先在高温下用含氮碱从载体中提取毒素,再用溶剂化电解进行更有效的净化,然后加入温度 在用溶剂化电子开始化学还原毒素之前还原。 在升高的温度下预先提取毒素,随后进行温度降低,使竞争性副反应最小化,提高溶剂化电子对毒素的选择性,并通过更有效的金属利用来改善该方法的经济性。 该过程可以在不将毒素从保持固体载体材料的萃取容器中分离的情况下进行。 或者,升高的温度可用于用含氮碱进行一次或多次毒素提取,然后通过在单独的反应器中进行反应而用溶剂化电子还原。 本发明的方法可用于几乎任何化学还原性有害物质的破坏。

    Method for oxidizing organophosphorous compounds
    3.
    发明授权
    Method for oxidizing organophosphorous compounds 失效
    氧化有机磷化合物的方法

    公开(公告)号:US06570048B1

    公开(公告)日:2003-05-27

    申请号:US09602488

    申请日:2000-06-23

    IPC分类号: A62D300

    摘要: Organophosphorous compounds containing C—P chemical bonds are oxidized with alkaline peroxysulfate to yield orthophosphates. For example, phosphinates, including certain chemical warfare agents, as well as phosphinate salts produced by the solvated electron reduction of the chemical warfare agents, are oxidized to orthophosphates.

    摘要翻译: 含有C-P化学键的有机磷化合物用碱性过氧硫酸盐氧化,得到正磷酸盐。 例如,包括某些化学战剂在内的次膦酸盐以及化学战剂的溶剂化电子还原产生的次膦酸盐被氧化为正磷酸盐。

    Method of creating a sustained silicon-containing quaternary ammonium antimicrobial agent within a polymeric material
    6.
    发明授权
    Method of creating a sustained silicon-containing quaternary ammonium antimicrobial agent within a polymeric material 有权
    在聚合物材料内形成持续的含硅季铵抗微生物剂的方法

    公开(公告)号:US07858141B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-12-28

    申请号:US11386348

    申请日:2006-03-22

    IPC分类号: B05D3/00

    摘要: A method of imparting sustained antimicrobial properties throughout a material or substrate using an antimicrobial polymerizable silicon-containing quaternary ammonium salt monomer in a solvent to form a quaternary ammonium salt solution; and mixing the silicon-containing quaternary ammonium salt solution with at least a second monomer or a polymer or coating a solid polymer. Depending on the nature of the second monomer or polymer and the reaction conditions; a copolymer with the first monomer or a homopolymer will form, such that a polymeric material, substrate or formed plastic product comprising the copolymer or homopolymer or blended with the coated concentrate will have sustained antimicrobial properties. This method can be used to make formed plastic products, thin layer films and other products having sustained antimicrobial properties.

    摘要翻译: 一种在溶剂中使用抗微生物聚合性含硅季铵盐单体在整个材料或基底上赋予持续抗微生物性以形成季铵盐溶液的方法; 并将含硅季铵盐溶液与至少第二单体或聚合物混合或涂覆固体聚合物。 取决于第二单体或聚合物的性质和反应条件; 将形成与第一单体或均聚物的共聚物,使得包含共聚物或均聚物或与被包被的浓缩物混合的聚合材料,基底或成形塑料产品将具有持续的抗微生物性质。 该方法可用于制成成型塑料制品,薄膜等具有持久抗菌性能的产品。

    Deactivation of metal liquid coolants used in nuclear reactor systems
    7.
    发明授权
    Deactivation of metal liquid coolants used in nuclear reactor systems 有权
    停用在核反应堆系统中使用的金属液体冷却剂

    公开(公告)号:US06175051B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-01-16

    申请号:US09542167

    申请日:2000-04-04

    申请人: Gerry D. Getman

    发明人: Gerry D. Getman

    IPC分类号: G21F910

    摘要: Liquid metal coolants, such as alkali metal used in nuclear reactor systems can be safely deactivated to form a disposable solid waste material. The alkali metal is dissolved in an ammoniacal liquid, such as anhydrous liquid ammonia to form a reaction mixture comprising alkali metal cations and solvated electrons. A precipitating agent that ionizes in the liquid ammonia is introduced into the reaction mixture to combine with the alkali metal cations and/or solvated electrons to form a precipitating alkali metal salt. Additionally, solidified alkali metal remaining within the coolant system after initial drainage of liquid alkali metal can be dissolved by circulating an ammoniacal liquid within the coolant system. Removal of the liquid ammonia having the alkali metal dissolved therein is combined with a ionizable precipitating agent to form a alkali metal salt.

    摘要翻译: 液态金属冷却剂,例如在核反应堆系统中使用的碱金属可以安全地失活以形成一次性固体废料。 将碱金属溶解在诸如无水液氨的氨水中以形成包含碱金属阳离子和溶剂化电子的反应混合物。 将引入液态氨的沉淀剂引入反应混合物中以与碱金属阳离子和/或溶剂化电子结合形成析出的碱金属盐。 此外,液态碱金属初始排放后残留在冷却剂系统内的固化碱金属可以通过使氨液体循环在冷却剂系统内来溶解。 将其中溶解有碱金属的液氨的除去与可电离沉淀剂组合以形成碱金属盐。

    Process and apparatus for further processing of sewage sludge and other materials to reduce pathogens and toxins
    8.
    发明授权
    Process and apparatus for further processing of sewage sludge and other materials to reduce pathogens and toxins 有权
    进一步处理污泥和其他材料以减少病原体和毒素的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US07972408B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-07-05

    申请号:US10557941

    申请日:2004-05-20

    摘要: An apparatus and a method for treating a composition containing toxic materials or biosolids, wherein the apparatus has a hydraulically sealable top that can be opened to allow loading of the composition or closed to seal the apparatus. The apparatus also includes a reagent injection system for injecting a reagent into the apparatus, a mixing device for mixing the composition with the reagent, a heater system for heating the composition, or the mixture of the composition and the reagent, an internal vapor recovery system for recovering gases, vapors, and odors from the toxic materials or biosolids, or from the reagents, a reagent recovery system for recovering the reagent after it has been mixed with the composition, a discharge mechanism for discharging the treated composition, and a control panel comprising temperature and pressure measurements.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于处理含有有毒材料或生物固体的组合物的装置和方法,其中所述装置具有液压可密封的顶部,所述顶部可打开以允许所述组合物的装载或封闭以密封所述装置。 该装置还包括用于将试剂注入到装置中的试剂注入系统,用于将组合物与试剂混合的混合装置,用于加热组合物的加热器系统或组合物和试剂的混合物,内部蒸气回收系统 用于从有毒材料或生物固体或者试剂中回收气体,蒸汽和气味,或者用于将试剂与组合物混合后用于回收试剂的试剂回收系统,用于排出处理过的组合物的排放机构和控制面板 包括温度和压力测量。