公开(公告)号：US20090234174A1

公开(公告)日：2009-09-17

申请号：US12401867

申请日：2009-03-11

申请人： Andrea L. Westman ,  Jimmy V. Rouse ,  James P. Jonas, JR. ,  Neil M. Bardach

发明人： Andrea L. Westman ,  Jimmy V. Rouse ,  James P. Jonas, JR. ,  Neil M. Bardach

IPC分类号： A62D3/32 ,  A62D101/43

CPC分类号： B09B3/00 ,  C01F7/066

摘要： A method for solid-phase activation and neutralization of bauxite refinery residue (“red mud”) comprises the steps of preparing a quantity of untreated red mud having a moisture content of approximately 15 percent by weight, introducing a quantity of at least one reagent, and mixing in a mixer the quantity of untreated red mud and the quantity of at least one reagent. The mixing step is adapted to expose reaction sites at the nano-particle level. In one embodiment, the at least one reagent is calcium chloride and magnesium chloride salts. In another embodiment, an acid is introduced to the quantity of untreated red mud and the quantity of at least one reagent. A neutralized and activated red mud formed by the process is suitable for heavy metals remediation in soil and water.

摘要翻译： 铝土矿精炼残渣（“红泥”）的固相活化和中和的方法包括以下步骤：制备一定量的含水量为约15重量％的未处理红泥，引入一定量的至少一种试剂， 并在混合器中混合未处理的红泥的量和至少一种试剂的量。 混合步骤适于暴露纳米颗粒水平的反应位点。 在一个实施方案中，所述至少一种试剂是氯化钙和氯化镁盐。 在另一个实施方案中，将酸引入未处理的红泥的量和至少一种试剂的量。 通过该过程形成的中和活化的红泥适用于土壤和水中的重金属补救。

公开(公告)号：US20070021639A1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-25

申请号：US10582649

申请日：2004-04-28

申请人： Vladimir Pekarek ,  Petr Hapala

发明人： Vladimir Pekarek ,  Petr Hapala

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/32

CPC分类号： A62D3/37 ,  A62D2101/22 ,  A62D2101/28

摘要： A method for dehalogenation detoxication of halogenated aromatic and/or cyclic compounds, based on the fact that at least one halogenated aromatic and/or cyclic compound is heated on a support matrix in a closed system at a temperature of 200 to 500° C. in the presence of copper in metallic form and/or in the form of copper compounds, a hydrogen donor, carbon and at least one additional reducing substance, capable of reducing cupric and cuprous ions to elemental copper at the above temperature.

摘要翻译： 一种卤代芳族化合物和/或环状化合物的脱卤解毒方法，基于以下事实：至少一种卤代芳族化合物和/或环状化合物在封闭体系中在200至500℃的温度下在载体基质上加热 金属形式的铜和/或铜化合物，氢供体，碳和至少一种另外的还原物质形式的铜的存在，能够在上述温度下将铜和亚铜离子还原成元素铜。

公开(公告)号：US5711017A

公开(公告)日：1998-01-20

申请号：US715486

申请日：1996-09-18

申请人： John A. Bitler ,  John P. Baranski ,  Harold R. Larson

发明人： John A. Bitler ,  John P. Baranski ,  Harold R. Larson

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/19 ,  A62D3/32 ,  A62D3/34 ,  A62D101/02 ,  A62D101/22 ,  A62D101/26 ,  A62D101/28

CPC分类号： A62D3/19 ,  A62D2101/02 ,  A62D2101/22 ,  A62D2101/26 ,  A62D2101/28 ,  A62D2203/10

摘要： Chemical agents, such as chemical munitions, are decomposed by bringing them into contact with a plasma arc of a DC plasma arc furnace operated at a temperature of greater than about 30,000.degree. F.

摘要翻译： 化学药剂如化学弹药通过使其与大于约30,000°F的等离子体电弧炉的等离子体电弧接触而分解。

公开(公告)号：US5640702A

公开(公告)日：1997-06-17

申请号：US299603

申请日：1994-09-01

申请人： Clifford G. Shultz

发明人： Clifford G. Shultz

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/32 ,  A62D3/34 ,  A62D101/04 ,  A62D101/20 ,  A62D101/22 ,  A62D101/26 ,  A62D101/28 ,  A62D101/40 ,  A62D101/43 ,  A62D101/45 ,  A62D101/47 ,  A62D101/49 ,  G21F9/00 ,  G21F9/06 ,  G21F9/30

CPC分类号： A62D3/32 ,  G21F9/00 ,  G21F9/06 ,  G21F9/30 ,  G21F9/302 ,  A62D2101/04 ,  A62D2101/20 ,  A62D2101/22 ,  A62D2101/26 ,  A62D2101/28 ,  A62D2101/40 ,  A62D2101/43 ,  A62D2101/45 ,  A62D2101/47 ,  A62D2101/49

摘要： There is disclosed an improved method and system for the selective treatment and volume reduction of mixtures of gaseous, liquid and solid contaminated waste materials. The contaminated waste materials include mixtures of hazardous and/or radioactive wastes which react with selected active reducing metals in liquid form, preferably aluminum.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于选择性处理和体积减少气态，液体和固体污染废料的混合物的方法和系统。 受污染的废物包括与选定的液体形式的活性还原金属，优选铝反应的有害和/或放射性废物的混合物。

公开(公告)号：US5613245A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-18

申请号：US479507

申请日：1995-06-07

申请人： Edgar J. Robert

发明人： Edgar J. Robert

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/32 ,  A62D101/22 ,  A62D101/40 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/20 ,  B01J10/00 ,  F27B3/00 ,  F27D3/15 ,  F27D3/16 ,  F27D3/18 ,  F27D99/00

CPC分类号： B01J8/004 ,  B01J10/005 ,  B01J8/20 ,  F27B3/00 ,  F27D3/16 ,  F27D3/18 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  F27D2003/165 ,  F27D2099/0051 ,  F27D3/1518 ,  F27M2001/05

摘要： The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for injecting a particulate solid into a molten bath. The method includes forming a liquid stream and directing a first portion of the stream through an ejector for subsequent injection into a molten bath. A second portion of the liquid stream is directed into a receiving vessel. A particulate solid is directed into the receiving vessel, wherein the second portion of the liquid stream and the particulate solid combine to form a slurry. The slurry is directed from the receiving vessel to the ejector, whereby the slurry and the first portion of the liquid stream are combined to form a dilute slurry that is injected into the molten bath. The relative flow rates of the first and second liquid streams can be adjusted in direct relation to any change in the ratio of pressure of the two streams, controlling in this way the volume fraction of solids in the diluted slurry.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种将颗粒状固体注入熔浴中的方法和装置。 该方法包括形成液体流并将流的第一部分引导通过喷射器以便随后注入熔融浴。 液体流的第二部分被引导到接收容器中。 颗粒状固体被引导到接收容器中，其中液体流的第二部分和颗粒固体结合形成浆料。 将浆料从接收容器引导到喷射器，由此将浆料和液体流的第一部分组合以形成注入熔融浴中的稀浆。 第一和第二液体流的相对流速可以与两个流的压力比的任何变化直接相关地调节，以这种方式控制稀释浆液中固体的体积分数。

公开(公告)号：US5571486A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-05

申请号：US442024

申请日：1995-05-16

申请人： Edgar J. Robert ,  F. James Howie, III ,  Christopher J. Nagel ,  Thomas P. Griffin

发明人： Edgar J. Robert ,  F. James Howie, III ,  Christopher J. Nagel ,  Thomas P. Griffin

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/32 ,  A62D3/38 ,  A62D101/20 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J10/00 ,  C21C5/46 ,  F27D3/00 ,  F27D3/10 ,  C22B7/00

CPC分类号： B01J4/002 ,  B01J10/005 ,  B01J8/003 ,  C21C5/466 ,  F27D3/0025 ,  F27D3/10 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  B01J2219/0009 ,  B01J2219/00123 ,  B01J2219/00155 ,  C21C2005/4666 ,  F27M2001/05

摘要： A method and apparatus for top-charging a solid waste into a molten metal bath to form a dissociation product are disclosed. The method includes introducing the waste into the molten metal bath through a refractory tube disposed in a reactor, containing the molten metal bath, through which the refractory tube extends. A gas outlet is disposed above the molten metal bath. The refractory tube has a submergible end which is immersed in the molten metal bath and which defines a lower opening at the terminal end of the refractory tube and an elevated opening, whereby a portion of the molten metal bath enters the refractory tube through the lower opening to allow the molten metal bath to remain within the refractory tube while at least partially dissociating the waste to form the dissociation product in the molten metal bath. An oxidizing agent can be directed into the molten metal bath at a rate sufficient to form an gaseous oxygenated product which is discharged from the reactor.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于将固体废物顶部充入熔融金属浴以形成解离产物的方法和装置。 该方法包括通过设置在包含熔融金属浴的反应器中的耐火管将熔融金属浴引入熔融金属浴中，耐火管延伸通过熔融金属浴。 气体出口设置在熔融金属浴池的上方。 耐火管具有浸没在熔融金属浴中的潜水端，并且在耐火管的末端限定了一个下开口和一个升高的开口，从而一部分熔融金属浴通过下开口进入耐火管 以允许熔融金属浴保持在耐火管内，同时至少部分地将废物解离以在熔融金属浴中形成解离产物。 氧化剂可以以足以形成从反应器排出的气态氧化产物的速率引入熔融金属浴中。

公开(公告)号：US5476990A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-19

申请号：US84896

申请日：1993-06-29

申请人： Herman J. Hittner ,  R. Lee Byers ,  John N. Lees, Jr. ,  David W. Rierson ,  Ludmila Dinter-Brown

发明人： Herman J. Hittner ,  R. Lee Byers ,  John N. Lees, Jr. ,  David W. Rierson ,  Ludmila Dinter-Brown

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/32 ,  A62D3/34 ,  A62D3/36 ,  A62D3/38 ,  A62D101/22 ,  A62D101/40 ,  A62D101/43 ,  A62D101/45 ,  A62D101/47 ,  A62D101/49 ,  C03B3/02 ,  C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/14 ,  C03B5/235 ,  C03B5/237 ,  C03B5/24 ,  F23G5/00 ,  F23G7/00 ,  B09B3/00 ,  C01F7/02

CPC分类号： C03B5/24 ,  A62D3/32 ,  C03B3/02 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/14 ,  C03B5/235 ,  C03B5/237 ,  C25C3/08 ,  A62D2101/40 ,  A62D2101/45 ,  A62D2101/49 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  Y02P40/535

摘要： An industrial waste management facility (IWMF) for disposing of spent potlining includes a co-current gas-fired rotary kiln for containing a molten pool of spent potlining throughout the entire length of the rotary kiln from the inlet to the outlet, an ash quencher and cooler for receiving molten residue from the discharge end of the rotary kiln, a secondary combustion chamber, and a down-draft transition chamber for channeling discharge gases from the rotary kiln to the secondary combustion chamber. Pneumatic injection slingers feed and distribute spent potlining into the inlet end of the rotary kiln. A discharge dam provides a predetermined average depth of molten bath material in the rotary kiln over its entire length. A blended ratio of comminuted materials injected through the pneumatic injection slinger feeder is adjusted and controlled in response to signals received from a radiative optical kiln bath temperature measurement system. The IWMF recovers fluorides from discharge gases exiting the secondary combustion chamber, recycles the fluorides to the molten bath or pool of the rotary kiln, and collects and withdraws glass frit residue from the ash quencher and cooler.

摘要翻译： 一种用于处理废料的工业废物管理设施（IWMF）包括一个并流式燃气回转窑，用于在回转窑的整个长度上从入口到出口容纳废铜罐的熔池，灰烬器和 用于从旋转窑的排出端接收熔融残渣的冷却器，二次燃烧室和用于将排出气体从回转窑引导到二次燃烧室的下降过渡室。 气动注射吊装料将废弃的铜罐进料并分配到回转窑的入口端。 排放坝在其整个长度上在回转窑中提供熔融浴材料的预定平均深度。 响应于从辐射光窑浴温度测量系统接收到的信号，调节和控制通过气动注射抛光机进料器注入的粉碎材料的混合比例。 IWMF从排出的二次燃烧室的排出气体中回收氟化物，将氟化物再循环到回转窑的熔池或池中，从灰烬和冷却器收集和抽出玻璃料残渣。

公开(公告)号：US5451738A

公开(公告)日：1995-09-19

申请号：US66970

申请日：1993-05-25

申请人： Obaid U. Alvi ,  Irfan A. Toor

发明人： Obaid U. Alvi ,  Irfan A. Toor

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/19 ,  A62D3/32 ,  A62D3/40 ,  A62D101/20 ,  A62D101/22 ,  B01J19/08 ,  B09C1/06 ,  C03B5/00 ,  C03B5/02 ,  C03B19/10 ,  B23K10/00 ,  F23G5/00

CPC分类号： A62D3/40 ,  A62D3/19 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B09C1/06 ,  B09C1/067 ,  C03B19/1045 ,  C03B19/109 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/025 ,  A62D2101/20 ,  A62D2101/22 ,  A62D2203/02 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  B01J2219/0894 ,  F23G2204/201 ,  Y02P40/52 ,  Y02P40/57 ,  Y10S588/90

摘要： For disposal of waste material including water, volatile components and vitrifiable components, the waste material is heated in a dehydrator to remove the water, heated in a high-temperature dryer to vaporize hydrocarbon liquids, and then fed to the focus point of a primary plasma reactor where plasma arc jets are focused on the surface of a pool of the vitrifiable components. At the focus point the vitrifiable components are melted, and the volatile components are volatized. The melted vitrifiable components are received in a quench chamber where they solidify on a quench roller and are broken into chips and delivered to a receiving area. Heat from the quench chamber is transferred to the dehydrator and high-temperature dryer. The hydrocarbon liquids and volatized components are fed to a secondary plasma reactor where they are disassociated into their elemental components. The effluent from the secondary plasma reactor is scrubbed to remove hydrogen sulfide and halogens, and residual components, together with excess water vapor, are extracted in an absorber and fed back for further processing in the secondary plasma reactor.

摘要翻译： 为了处理包括水，挥发性组分和玻璃化组分在内的废料，将废料在脱水器中加热以除去水，在高温干燥器中加热以蒸发烃类液体，然后进料到初级等离子体的聚焦点 反应堆，其中等离子体电弧喷射集中在可玻璃化组件的池的表面上。 在焦点处，可玻璃化组分熔化，挥发性组分挥发。 熔化的可玻璃化组件被接收在淬火室中，在骤冷室中，它们在骤冷辊上固化并分解成碎屑并输送到接收区域。 来自骤冷室的热量转移到脱水机和高温干燥器。 碳氢化合物液体和挥发成分进料到二次等离子体反应器中，在其中它们与其元素组分分离。 洗涤来自二次等离子体反应器的流出物以除去硫化氢和卤素，并将剩余组分与过量的水蒸汽一起在吸收器中提取并反馈以在二次等离子体反应器中进一步处理。

公开(公告)号：US5398914A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-21

申请号：US126851

申请日：1993-09-27

申请人： Richard L. Gay

发明人： Richard L. Gay

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/32 ,  A62D101/06 ,  C10G9/34 ,  C10G9/26

CPC分类号： A62D3/32 ,  C10G9/34 ,  A62D2101/06 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  Y10S588/90

摘要： A molten salt process vessel for treatment of hazardous materials such as explosive or propellant waste, employing a tall, thin vessel with sufficient height that salt splash from the molten salt at the bottom of the vessel can be controlled and hard salt deposits are prevented from forming on the walls which restrict the gas outlet. The vessel, e.g. of cylindrical shape, has an increased height to diameter ratio in the range of about 7:1 to about 12:1, to give additional clearance. As an additional feature the vessel diameter can also be adjusted to create a "necked-down" region just below the gas outlet duct adjacent the top of the vessel to increase product gas velocity of the gas containing entrained salt particles, to prevent sticking of such particles to the vessel walls and restricting the gas outlet duct. A further feature of the invention is the provision of baffles located just above the body of molten salt in the region where temperature is at or above the salt melting point, inhibiting salt splash to the top of the vessel, and permitting molten salt particles striking the baffles to drain back to the body of molten salt.

摘要翻译： 一种用于处理危险物质如炸药或推进剂废物的熔盐处理容器，其采用具有足够高度的高细小容器，可以控制从容器底部的熔盐中溅出的盐，并防止硬盐沉积物形成 在限制气体出口的墙壁上。 容器，例如 圆柱形的，具有在约7:1至约12:1范围内增加的高度与直径之比，以提供额外的间隙。 作为另外的特征，容器直径也可以被调整以在邻近容器顶部的气体出口管道正下方形成“颈缩”区域，以增加含有夹带盐颗粒的气体的产物气体速度，以防止粘附 颗粒到容器壁并限制气体出口管道。 本发明的另一个特征是在温度处于或高于盐熔点的区域内设置位于熔融盐体正上方的挡板，从而抑制盐溅到容器的顶部，并允许熔融盐颗粒撞击 挡板排回体内的熔盐。

公开(公告)号：US5396850A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-14

申请号：US98368

申请日：1993-10-13

申请人： David. S. Conochie ,  Robin J. Batterham ,  Terry A. Matthews

发明人： David. S. Conochie ,  Robin J. Batterham ,  Terry A. Matthews

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/32 ,  A62D3/34 ,  A62D3/38 ,  A62D101/04 ,  A62D101/20 ,  A62D101/22 ,  B01J10/00 ,  F23G5/00 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G7/00 ,  F23G7/04 ,  F23G7/05

CPC分类号： B01J10/005 ,  A62D3/32 ,  A62D2101/04 ,  A62D2101/20

摘要： A method of destroying organic waste in a bath of molten metal and slag contained in a vessel (3) is disclosed. The method comprises injecting organic waste into the bath to form a primary reaction zone (13) in which the organic waste is thermally cracked and the products of the thermal cracking which are not absorbed into the bath are released into the space above the surface of the bath. The method further comprises injecting an oxygen-containing gas toward the surface of the bath to form a secondary reaction zone (17) in the space above the surface of the bath in which the oxidizable materials in the products from the primary reaction zone (13) are completely oxidized and the heat released by such oxidation is transferred to the bath. In order to facilitate efficient heat transfer from the second reaction zone (13) to the bath, the method further comprises injecting an inert or other suitable gas into the bath to cause molten metal and slag to be ejected upwardly from the bath into the secondary reaction zone (17).

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / AU92 / 00657 Sec。 371日期：1993年10月13日 102（e）日期1993年10月13日PCT提交1992年12月7日PCT公布。 公开号WO93 / 10862 日期：1993年6月10日。公开了在容器（3）中包含的熔融金属和炉渣中的有机废物的破坏方法。 该方法包括将有机废物注入浴中以形成主反应区（13），其中有机废物被热裂化，并且未被吸收到浴中的热裂解产物被释放到 浴。 所述方法还包括向所述浴表面注入含氧气体，以在所述浴表面上方的空间中形成第二反应区（17），其中所述初级反应区（13）的产物中的可氧化材料 被完全氧化，并且通过这种氧化释放的热被转移到浴中。 为了促进从第二反应区（13）到浴的有效的热传递，该方法还包括将惰性或其它合适的气体注入浴中以使熔融金属和炉渣从浴向上喷出到二次反应 区（17）。