公开(公告)号：US5223009A

公开(公告)日：1993-06-29

申请号：US940297

申请日：1992-09-03

申请人： Hans-Dieter Schuster ,  Wolfgang Zahn ,  Roland Huss

发明人： Hans-Dieter Schuster ,  Wolfgang Zahn ,  Roland Huss

IPC分类号： F01N3/021 ,  F01N3/031 ,  F01N3/08 ,  F01N13/14 ,  F02D9/04 ,  F02M26/15

CPC分类号： F01N3/031 ,  F01N13/14 ,  F01N3/0211 ,  F01N3/0212 ,  F01N3/08 ,  F01N3/0821 ,  F01N3/0835 ,  F01N3/0878 ,  F02M26/15 ,  F01N2250/14 ,  F01N2260/14 ,  F01N2370/40 ,  F01N2410/02 ,  F01N2410/12 ,  F02D9/04 ,  Y02T10/20

摘要： The exhaust gas equipment for an internal combustion engine contains an exhaust pipe, an exhaust gas cleaner and an adsorption filter, to whose filter body exhaust gas is admitted by a controlled exhaust gas butterfly. In order to prevent damage to the filter due to overheating, in an arrangement of the exhaust gas equipment which is economical in installation space where the adsorption filter is located along the course of the exhaust pipe and a filter body surrounds the latter coaxially, a thermal insulation element is provided between the filter body and exhaust gas flow. The thermal insulation element has transfer openings at least partially outside the exhaust pipe section surrounded by the filter body for guiding the exhaust gas flow through the filter body.

摘要翻译： 用于内燃机的废气设备包括排气管，排气净化器和吸附过滤器，其过滤器体废气被受控废气蝶阀所允许。 为了防止由于过热而导致的过滤器的损坏，在排气设备的布置中，在吸附过滤器沿着排气管的路线设置的安装空间中是经济的，并且过滤器主体围绕该过滤器同轴， 绝缘元件设置在过滤体和排气流之间。 绝热元件具有至少部分地由排气管段外部的过滤器主体，所述排气管段被过滤器主体包围，用于引导排气流过过滤器主体。

公开(公告)号：US5300133A

公开(公告)日：1994-04-05

申请号：US005075

申请日：1993-01-15

申请人： Hans-Dieter Schuster ,  Wolfgang Zahn ,  Hans-Joachim Langer ,  Bernhard Jokl

发明人： Hans-Dieter Schuster ,  Wolfgang Zahn ,  Hans-Joachim Langer ,  Bernhard Jokl

IPC分类号： B01D46/24 ,  B01D46/52 ,  F01N3/022 ,  B01D25/26 ,  B01D29/46

CPC分类号： B01D46/247 ,  B01D46/2451 ,  F01N3/0222 ,  B01D2046/2492 ,  B01D2046/2496 ,  F01N2330/02 ,  F01N2530/24 ,  Y02T10/20 ,  Y10S55/30

摘要： An exhaust-gas filter, for example a soot-particle filter, has a filter element which has inlet passages for the raw gas and outlet passages for the clean gas. In order as far as possible to prevent clogging of the filter over the running time caused by deposits on the filter walls, the raw-gas passages are configured with a larger cross-section than the clean-gas passages.

摘要翻译： 排气过滤器，例如烟灰颗粒过滤器，具有过滤元件，该过滤元件具有用于原料气体和用于清洁气体的出口通道的入口通道。 为了尽可能防止由过滤壁上的沉积物引起的运行时间过滤器的堵塞，原料气体通道被构造成比清洁气体通道更大的横截面。

公开(公告)号：US5743087A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-28

申请号：US665725

申请日：1996-06-18

申请人： Wolfgang Zahn ,  Gunter Loose ,  Axel Hirschmann

发明人： Wolfgang Zahn ,  Gunter Loose ,  Axel Hirschmann

IPC分类号： B01D53/86 ,  B01D53/94 ,  F01N3/20 ,  F01N3/28 ,  F01N13/02

CPC分类号： F01N3/2046 ,  B01D53/8696 ,  B01D53/945 ,  B01D53/9459 ,  B01D53/9495 ,  F01N13/009 ,  F01N3/20 ,  F01N3/2006 ,  F01N3/2828 ,  B01D2255/1021 ,  B01D2255/2063 ,  B01D2255/2065 ,  F01N2330/06 ,  F01N2570/16 ,  Y02T10/22 ,  Y02T10/26

摘要： A method, and an apparatus for carrying out the method, for purifying exhaust gases from internal combustion engines is provided. The engines having a catalyzer system which includes a first catalyzer and at least one second catalyzer, arranged downstream of the first catalyzer, for the conversion of HC, CO and NO.sub.x exhaust gas constituents. Exhaust gases flow through both catalyzers during the entire operating period of the engine. The first catalyzer is suitable for at least the catalytic conversion of HC and CO exhaust gas constituents. In a first step of the method, the first catalyzer is operated over-stoichiometrically during the cold starting phase in order to reduce the HC and CO emissions and, in a second step of the method with .lambda.-controlled stoichiometric exhaust gas composition, the catalytic conversion of the exhaust gas in the first catalyzer is at least largely de-activated and takes place in the second catalyzer. Substantially better endurance of the first catalyzer is attained for the same good reduction in the exhaust gas pollutants.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于执行该方法以净化内燃机废气的方法和装置。 发动机具有催化剂系统，其包括第一催化剂和至少一个第二催化剂，其布置在第一催化剂的下游，用于转化HC，CO和NOx废气组分。 在发动机的整个运行期间，废气都流过两个催化剂。 第一催化剂适用于至少HC和CO废气成分的催化转化。 在该方法的第一步中，第一催化剂在冷启动阶段期间以超化学计量的方式操作，以便降低HC和CO排放，并且在该方法的第二步中，使用λ控制的化学计量排气组成，催化剂 第一催化剂中废气的转化至少在很大程度上被去活化并发生在第二催化剂中。 实现了第一催化剂的较好的耐久性，同样能够有效地减少废气污染物。

公开(公告)号：US5192970A

公开(公告)日：1993-03-09

申请号：US760018

申请日：1991-09-13

申请人： Gunter Findeis ,  Wilhelm Nitsch ,  Hans-Juergen Rauh ,  Wolfgang Zahn ,  Helmut Treiber ,  Hans-Georg Schindler

发明人： Gunter Findeis ,  Wilhelm Nitsch ,  Hans-Juergen Rauh ,  Wolfgang Zahn ,  Helmut Treiber ,  Hans-Georg Schindler

IPC分类号： G03B27/42 ,  G03B27/72 ,  G03D15/00

CPC分类号： G03D15/003

摘要： An exposed and developed filmstrip and band of similar length are connected edge-to-edge. An address for each negative of the filmstrip is imprinted on the band in the form of a bar code adjacent to the respective negative. The negatives are scanned and exposure values are calculated for the negatives from the resulting data. The exposure values are used to make proofs, and the exposure values for each negative are then stored in a memory under the corresponding address. When an order for final copies of a particular negative is subsequently received, the address of the negative is read from the band and used to retrieve the respective exposure values from the memory. The final copies are thereupon made based upon the retrieved exposure values.

摘要翻译： 曝光和显影的胶片和类似长度的胶带边缘到边缘连接。 影片的每个负片的地址以与相应负片相邻的条形码的形式印在乐队上。 扫描底片，并根据结果数据计算曝光值。 暴露值用于进行证明，然后将每个阴性的曝光值存储在相应地址下的存储器中。 当随后接收到特定否定的最终副本的命令时，从该带读取负数的地址并用于从存储器检索相应的曝光值。 随后根据检索到的曝光值进行最终拷贝。

公开(公告)号：US06529243B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-04

申请号：US09048926

申请日：1998-03-26

申请人： Werner Ritter von Stein ,  Wolfgang Zahn

发明人： Werner Ritter von Stein ,  Wolfgang Zahn

IPC分类号： H04N5225

CPC分类号： H04N5/235 ,  H04N5/142 ,  H04N5/20 ,  H04N5/243 ,  H04N9/045 ,  H04N2209/049

摘要： A method for electronic reduction of the contrast of video images as early as during recording provides electronic brightening of the shaded zones of a video image in a camera as early as during recording while maintaining the detail contrast even in the brightened regions. A blurred diffuse image of the motif is produced on the image sensor in the camera by the objective and the electronically alterable diffusion element, and is stored in a frame store. The black and white contrast of the mask is determined in the evaluation circuit, and a control variable is generated pixel-by-pixel from this. The focused video image which is subsequently produced on the image sensor when the diffusion element is switch to be crystal-clear is read and is amplified or attenuated pixel-by-pixel such that the shadowed parts are brightened and/or the bright zones are attenuated.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在记录期间电子降低视频图像的对比度的方法提供了在记录期间在摄像机中视频图像的阴影区域的电子增亮，同时即使在增亮区域中也保持细节对比度。 通过物镜和电子可变扩散元件在摄像机的图像传感器上产生模糊的模糊漫射图像，并存储在帧存储器中。 在评估电路中确定掩模的黑白对比度，并从其中逐像素地生成控制变量。 读取扩散元件切换为清晰的随后在图像传感器上产生的聚焦视频图像，并逐个像素地放大或衰减，使得阴影部分变亮和/或亮区域被衰减 。

公开(公告)号：US5781276A

公开(公告)日：1998-07-14

申请号：US799131

申请日：1997-02-13

申请人： Wolfgang Zahn ,  Manfred Fuersich ,  Klaus-Peter Hartmann

发明人： Wolfgang Zahn ,  Manfred Fuersich ,  Klaus-Peter Hartmann

IPC分类号： G03C5/02 ,  G03C7/00 ,  G03B27/32

CPC分类号： G03C2007/3043 ,  G03C5/02 ,  G03C7/00

摘要： An exposure of a color film is scanned at a multiplicity of points in each of the primary colors. The color compositions of the points are evaluated to identify color compositions characteristic of skin tones, and a color space is created based on these color compositions. Scanned points whose color compositions lie in the color space undergo an examination to ascertain whether or not they actually represent skin. The examination is concerned primarily with the positions of such scanned points within the exposure and secondarily with density differences between the points and specified zones of the exposure, density differences between adjacent points, and the nature of any groups formed by the points, only those scanned points which actually represent skin are considered when calculating the amount of copy light for the exposure in each primary color.

摘要翻译： 以每种原色的多个点扫描彩色胶片的曝光。 评估点的颜色组成以识别皮肤色调的特征的颜色组合，并且基于这些颜色组合产生颜色空间。 其颜色组成位于颜色空间的扫描点进行检查，以确定它们是否实际代表皮肤。 检查主要涉及曝光中这些扫描点的位置，其次与曝光的点和指定区域之间的密度差异，相邻点之间的密度差异以及由点形成的任何组的性质，仅扫描的 在计算每种原色曝光的复印光量时，会考虑实际代表皮肤的点。

公开(公告)号：US5563018A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-08

申请号：US32276

申请日：1993-03-17

申请人： Gerhard Buhr ,  Wolfgang Zahn ,  Fritz Erdmann ,  Siegfried Scheler

发明人： Gerhard Buhr ,  Wolfgang Zahn ,  Fritz Erdmann ,  Siegfried Scheler

IPC分类号： C07C309/71 ,  C07C309/74 ,  G03F7/022 ,  H01L21/027 ,  G03F7/023

CPC分类号： C07C309/71 ,  G03F7/022

摘要： The invention relates to 2,3,4-trihydroxy-3'-methyl-, -ethyl-, -propyl- or -isopropylbenzophenone which is completely esterified with (1,2-naphthoquinone 2-diazide)-4-sulfonic acid and/or (7-methoxy-1,2-naphthoquinone 2-diazide)-4-sulfonic acid, a radiation-sensitive mixture prepared therewith, and a radiation-sensitive recording material comprising a substrate and a radiation-sensitive layer which is composed of the mixture according to the invention.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用（1,2-萘醌-2-二叠氮化物）-4-磺酸和/或其盐完全酯化的2,3,4-三羟基-3'-甲基 - ， - 乙基 - ， - 丙基 - 异丙基二苯甲酮和/ 或（7-甲氧基-1,2-萘醌-2-二叠氮化物）-4-磺酸，其制备的辐射敏感性混合物，以及包含基材和辐射敏感层的辐射敏感记录材料，其由 混合物。

公开(公告)号：US4566786A

公开(公告)日：1986-01-28

申请号：US717323

申请日：1985-03-29

申请人： Manfred Fursich ,  Helmut Treiber ,  Berthold Fergg ,  Gunter Findeis ,  Wolfgang Zahn

发明人： Manfred Fursich ,  Helmut Treiber ,  Berthold Fergg ,  Gunter Findeis ,  Wolfgang Zahn

IPC分类号： G03B27/73 ,  G03C5/08 ,  G03B27/32 ,  G03B27/80

CPC分类号： G03B27/73

摘要： A film has a series of exposed and developed negatives. Each negative is scanned at a multiplicity of regions, and the densities of each region in the three primary colors are measured. A blue/red density differential is derived for each region by subtracting the red density of a respective region from its blue density. The neutral density of each region is calculated, and every region is assigned a coordinate on a plot of blue/red density differential versus neutral density. According to one embodiment, the blue/red density differential for each region having a neutral density equal to or greater than a limiting value is then subtracted from the blue/red density differential given by a characteristic curve for the film. The differences obtained in this manner are analyzed, at least for selected negatives, and the minimum difference for each selected negative is determined. The region corresponding to the minimum difference is that region of a negative having the maximum blue density. The blue/red density differential for the region of maximum blue density is compared with a pair of reference values derived from respective reference curves representing blue/red density differential as a function of neutral density. Based on the results of this comparison, each selected negative is classified as to whether it was exposed by artificial light or natural light, and is assigned an appropriate color correction factor for copying. Another embodiment is employed if the characteristic curve is found to lie near one of the reference curves. Here, the steps of subtracting blue/red density differentials and analyzing the resulting differences are omitted, and all negatives of the film are immediately classified as having been exposed by artificial light.

摘要翻译： 一部电影有一系列暴露和发展的负面影片。 每个负数在多个区域被扫描，并且测量三原色中每个区域的密度。 通过从其蓝色密度减去相应区域的红色密度，为每个区域导出蓝色/红色浓度差异。 计算每个区域的中性密度，并且在蓝色/红色密度差异与中性密度的图上分配每个区域的坐标。 根据一个实施例，然后从具有等于或大于极限值的中性密度的每个区域的蓝/红密度差被从由薄膜的特性曲线给出的蓝/红密度差减去。 分析以这种方式获得的差异，至少对于所选择的否定，并确定每个所选阴性的最小差异。 对应于最小差的区域是具有最大蓝色密度的负区域。 将最大蓝色密度区域的蓝色/红色浓度差异与从表示蓝色/红色密度差异的各个参考曲线导出的一对参考值作为中性密度的函数进行比较。 基于该比较的结果，每个选择的阴性被分类为是否被人造光或自然光曝光，并且被赋予适当的颜色校正因子进行复制。 如果发现特征曲线位于一个参考曲线附近，则采用另一个实施例。 这里，省略减去蓝色/红色浓度差异并分析所得差异的步骤，并且将膜的所有负片立即分类为已经通过人造光曝光。

公开(公告)号：US4128330A

公开(公告)日：1978-12-05

申请号：US751602

申请日：1976-12-17

申请人： Berthold Fergg ,  Friedrich Hujer ,  Wolfgang Zahn

发明人： Berthold Fergg ,  Friedrich Hujer ,  Wolfgang Zahn

IPC分类号： G01D9/00 ,  G03B27/46 ,  G03G21/00 ,  G03B27/32 ,  G03B27/52

CPC分类号： G03B27/462

摘要： The strip of originals to be copied is transported, prior to copying, through an evaluation station. There, the originals are evaluated with respect to density, color, copiability, or the like. A discrete strip-shaped information carrier is connected to the strip of originals and runs along the length of the strip of originals. The connection is effected either upstream of the evaluation station or at the evaluation station. Information derived from the evaluations performed at the evaluation station is entered upon the information carrier alongside the associated ones of the originals.

摘要翻译： 要复制的原稿条在复印之前通过评估台传送。 在那里，关于密度，颜色，可复制性等来评估原稿。 离散的条形信息载体连接到原稿条，并沿着原稿条的长度延伸。 连接在评估站的上游或评估站进行。 从评估站执行的评估得到的信息与相关联的原件一起输入到信息载体上。

公开(公告)号：US4103996A

公开(公告)日：1978-08-01

申请号：US751603

申请日：1976-12-17

申请人： Berthold Fergg ,  Walter Knapp ,  Wolfgang Zahn

发明人： Berthold Fergg ,  Walter Knapp ,  Wolfgang Zahn

IPC分类号： G03B27/46 ,  G03B27/62 ,  G03B27/72 ,  G03B27/80 ,  G03G15/04 ,  G03B27/32 ,  G03B27/52

CPC分类号： G03B27/72

摘要： The strip of originals is transported through an evaluating station where the originals are evaluated with respect to density, color, copiability, or the like. Information indicative of the results of these evaluations is manually entered upon a strip-shaped first information carrier in spatial coordination with the originals of the strip. Thereafter, at another location, the information on the first information carrier is transferred to a second information carrier. The strip of evaluated originals is then transported to a copying apparatus and there copied in accordance with the information on the second information carrier. The strip of originals itself can be utilized as the second information carrier.

摘要翻译： 原稿条带通过评估站传送，其中原件被评估为密度，颜色，可复制性等。 指示这些评估结果的信息被手动地输入到带状第一信息载体上，与带的原稿空间协调。 此后，在另一位置，将关于第一信息载体的信息传送到第二信息载体。 然后，将所评估的原稿的条带传送到复印装置，并根据关于第二信息载体的信息进行复印。 原稿条本身可以用作第二信息载体。