摘要:
The invention relates to water-soluble, preferably powder-form polymer compositions which are obtained by continuous polymerization of at least one unsaturated monomer. At least one parameter that influences the polymerization is varied according to a recurrent pattern. The invention also relates to the use of the inventive polymer compositions and to a method for producing them.
摘要:
The present invention relates to powdered, crosslinked polymer compositions, containing a) 55-99.9 wt.-% of at least one polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated, polymerizable monomer which contains acid groups neutralized to at least 25 mole-%, b) 0-40 wt.-% of polymerized, unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with a), c) 0.01-5.0 wt.-%, preferably 0.1-2.0 wt.-% of one or more crosslinking agents, d) 0-30 wt.-% of a water-soluble polymer, the weight amounts a) through d) being based on anhydrous polymer composition, and the sum of these components always being 100 wt.-%, which compositions can be obtained by continuous polymerization wherein at least one parameter biasing the polymerization is varied according to a recurring pattern. The present invention also relates to a process for their production and to their use.
摘要:
The present invention relates to powdery, insoluble, water-swellable, cross-linked polymers absorbing water, aqueous or serous liquids, which are formed of a) 55-99.9%-wt. polymerized unsaturated, polymerizable acid-groups--comprising monomers which are neutralized to the extent of at least 25 mol-%, b) 0-40%-wt. polymerized unsaturated monomers which are co-polymerizable with a), c) 0.1-5.0%-wt. of a cross-linking agent, and d) 0-30%-wt. of a water-soluble polymer, with the weight amounts of a) to d) being relative to anhydrous polymer, and the polymer powder is heated with an at least bifunctional compound reactive with acid groups to a temperature of 150.degree. C.-250.degree. C. under cross-linkage of the surface, and the polymer powder that is thus already surface-cross-linked is subjected to a repeated surface-cross-linking treatment using an at least bifunctional compound reactive with acid groups at a temperature of 150.degree. to 250.degree. C. The present invention further relates to a process for the production of these polymers and to their use as absorbents for water and aqueous liquids, in particular in constructions for the absorption of body fluids, and in current-conducting or light-transmitting cables, as component in packing materials, as soil improver, and as artificial soil for plant breeding.
摘要:
The present invention relates to superabsorbent cross-linked polymers for watery liquids, which are built-up of partially neutralized monomers having monoethylenlcally unsaturated acid groups, optionally further monomers copolymerizable therewith, as well as polymers optionally suitable as graft basis, and which can be manufactured by using a cross-linker/monomer combination of CH.sub.2 .dbd.CHR.sup.6 --CO--(OCHR.sup.3 --CHR.sup.3).sub.z O--CH.sub.2 --CHR.sup.6 .dbd.CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 .dbd.CHR.sup.6 --R.sup.5 --(OCHR.sup.3 --CHR.sup.3).sub.v OR.sup.4R.sup.1 --�O(CHR.sup.3 --CHR.sup.3 O).sub.u --CO--R.sup.2 !.sub.x, and/or di- or triallylamine and/or bisacrylamide with R.sup.1 : multivalent C2-10-alkyl, R.sup.2 : linear or branched C2-10-alkenyl, R.sup.3 : H, CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5, R.sup.4 : H, linear or branched C1-10-alkyl, R.sup.6 : CO, CH.sub.2 R.sup.8 : H, CH.sub.3 x: 2-6 u: 0-15 V: 1-45 z: 3-20 As compared with the state of the art, the polymers according to the present invention have an improved combination of the properties retention, liquid absorption under pressure at 63 g/cm.sup.2 and soluble contents, moreover, they have an Increased permeability of the gel layer for watery liquids, a high suction rate, and a high swelling pressure. The polymers are used as absorbents for water and watery liquids in constructions for the absorption of body fluids, In electricity or light-conducting cables, and in plant raising.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for the production of N-substituted .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid amides, which proceeds from the .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid amide that is unsubstituted at the amido nitrogen, which forms the Michael adduct initially by conversion with a polyvalent alcohol having a boiling point of >/=150.degree. C., converts this with a primary or secondary amine with elimination of ammonia to form N-substituted carboxylic acid amide with a protected double bond, the polyvalent alcohol being subsequently eliminated from this product at high temperatures, with formation of the N-substituted .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid amide.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for the production of derivatives of natural fats and oils that is characterized in that fats that are solid at room temperature or which contain solid fractions, mixtures of these with free fatty acids, mono- and/or diglycerides are oxyalkylated at elevated temperatures in the presence of basic catalysts having at least one 1,2-epoxide and the conversion products so obtained, optionally, after epoxidation are sulphonated in a manner known per se. The products are particularly suitable for use as leather dubbing agents.
摘要:
The invention relates to absorvents for water and aqueous liquids, which are vased on water-swell-able, yet water-insoluble polymers wherein cyclodextrin or cyclodextrin derivatives and zeolites high in silicon have been incorporated ionically, covalently and/or as a result of mechanical inclusion.
摘要:
A process for producing water-soluble, cationic polyelectrolytes is described, wherein the polymerization of the water-soluble monomers is initiated at low temperatures using a combination of UV light, photoinitiator and a redox system, and is characterized in that the redox system is capable of initiating the polymerization only at temperatures higher than or equal to 20° C. The polymers have a high molecular weight and a low content of residual monomer.
摘要:
Polymers consisting of (a) 1-50% weight of N-allyliminodiacetic acid and its salts; (b) 50-99% weight of one or several unsaturated, polymerisable carboxylic acids having the formula (I), in which R.sup.1 stands for hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or COOM, R.sup.2 stands for hydrogen or C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, R.sup.3 stands for hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or CH.sub.2 COOM and M stands for hydrogen, ammonium, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal; and (c) 0-40% by weight water soluble monomers copolymerisable with (a) and (b). These polymers preferably contain acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and maleic acid as unsaturated polymerisable carboxylic acids. Also disclosed are the use of these polymers as complexing agents, as peroxide stabilizers and builders in washing products, as dispersing agents and hardness stabilizers.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for the production of derivatives of natural fats and oils that is characterized in that the fats that are solid at room temperature or which contain solid fractions, mixtures of these with free fatty acids, mono- and/or diglycerides are oxyalkylated at elevated temperatures in the presence of basic catalysts having at least one 1,2-epoxide and the conversion products so obtained, optionally, after epoxidization are sulphonated in a manner known per se. The products are particularly suitable for use as leather dubbing agents.