Electro chemical biosensor containing diazacyanine mediator for
co-enzyme regeneration
    3.
    发明授权
    Electro chemical biosensor containing diazacyanine mediator for co-enzyme regeneration 失效
    含有二氮芥酸介质的电化学生物传感器用于辅酶再生

    公开(公告)号:US5866353A

    公开(公告)日:1999-02-02

    申请号:US762098

    申请日:1996-12-09

    CPC分类号: C12Q1/004 Y10S435/817

    摘要: A variety of diazacyanine mediators that are soluble in aqueous media and which do not inhibit enzymatic activity are provided for use on the surface of a working electrode of a electrochemical biosensor for electrochemical co-enzyme regeneration. The co-enzyme, dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) or dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), is oxidized to NAD.sup.+ OR NADP.sup.+ which is reduced by an oxidoreductase such as a dehydrogenase acting on a substrate. By applying the mediator together with NADH or NADPH to the surface of the working electrode, the voltage necessary to achieve oxidation is substantially reduced. Biosensor electrodes such as graphite electrodes may be produced-by screen printing techniques.

    摘要翻译: 提供了可溶于水性介质并且不抑制酶活性的各种二氮芥酸介质用于电化学生物传感器用于电化学辅酶再生的工作电极的表面。 辅酶,二氢烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADH)或二氢烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(NADPH)被氧化成NAD + OR NADP +,其由氧化还原酶例如作用于底物的脱氢酶而还原。 通过将介体与NADH或NADPH一起施加到工作电极的表面,实现氧化所需的电压显着降低。 生物传感器电极如石墨电极可以通过丝网印刷技术制造。

    Dyeing or printing process with new and known cationic
4,5-dihydro-iH-1,2,3-triazolium compounds as dyestuffs and new cationic
4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,3-triazolium compounds
    4.
    发明授权
    Dyeing or printing process with new and known cationic 4,5-dihydro-iH-1,2,3-triazolium compounds as dyestuffs and new cationic 4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,3-triazolium compounds 失效
    新的和已知的阳离子4,5-二氢-h-1,2,3-三唑鎓化合物作为染料和新的阳离子4,5-二氢-1H-1,2,3-三唑鎓化合物的染色或印刷方法

    公开(公告)号:US5749925A

    公开(公告)日:1998-05-12

    申请号:US670913

    申请日:1996-06-26

    摘要: 4,5-Dihydro-1H-1,2,3-triazolium compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another denote C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 -aryl or a heterocyclic radical having up to 3 rings and up to 4 heteroatoms from the series consisting of O, S and N, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently of one another denote hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 -alkenyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.17 -aralkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 -aryl or nitrile or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together denote a 2- to 5-membered C bridge, which can optionally be interrupted by up to two oxygen and/or nitrogen atoms, and X.sup.- denotes an anion, wherein all the alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl and aryl radicals and fused and heterocyclic radicals present can optionally be substituted by nonionic substituents, carboxyl groups, ammonium groups and/or pyridinium groups, are used as dyestuffs. New 4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,3-triazolium compounds correspond to the formula (I), with the provisos that if R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 in each case denote hydrogen then in the case where R.sup.1 =4-methylphenyl R.sup.2 does not represent 4-nitrophenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl or phenyl and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 do not both simultaneously represent 4-methylphenyl, 4-nitrophenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl or phenyl.

    摘要翻译: R 1和R 2彼此独立地表示的式(I)的化合物(I)的4,5-二氢-1H-1,2,3-三唑鎓表示C 6 -C 14 - 芳基或具有至多 3个环和至多4个由O,S和N组成的系列的杂原子,R 3和R 4彼此独立地表示氢,C 1 -C 12 - 烷基,C 2 -C 12 - 链烯基,C 4 -C 8环烷基,C 7 -C 17 - 芳烷基,C 6 -C 14 - 芳基或腈,或者R 3和R 4一起表示2-至5-元C桥,其可以任选地被多达两个氧和/或氮原子间隔,X-表示阴离子,其中所有 存在的烷基,烯基,环烷基,芳烷基和芳基以及稠合和杂环基团可任选被非离子取代基,羧基,铵基和/或吡啶鎓基取代,用作染料。 新的4,5-二氢-1H-1,2,3-三唑鎓化合物对应于式(I),条件是如果R 3和R 4在每种情况下表示氢,则在R1 = 4-甲基苯基R2的情况下 不代表4-硝基苯基,4-甲氧基苯基或苯基,R1和R2不同时表示4-甲基苯基,4-硝基苯基,4-甲氧基苯基或苯基。

    Electrochromic device having improved light stability
    10.
    发明授权
    Electrochromic device having improved light stability 失效
    具有改善的光稳定性的电致变色装置

    公开(公告)号:US06388796B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-05-14

    申请号:US09501489

    申请日:2000-02-09

    IPC分类号: G02F115

    摘要: The invention relates to an electrochromic device having (a) a pair of glass or plastic plates or plastic films wherein at least one such plate or film is provided on one side each with an electrically conductive coating, wherein (1) at least one such plate or film and its conductive coating is transparent, (2) the other such plate or film and its conductive coating is optionally mirrored, (3) the electrically conductive layer of one or both of the two plates or films is optionally divided into separate segments optionally provided with individual contacts, and (4) the plates or films are joined on the sides of their conductive coating by means of a sealing ring to form a volume; and (b) the volume formed by the two plates or films and the sealing ring is filled with an electrochromic medium containing certain dihydronaphthazines or dihydrophenazines.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种电致变色装置,其具有(a)一对玻璃或塑料板或塑料膜,其中至少一个这样的板或膜在一侧上设置有导电涂层,其中(1)至少一个这样的板 或膜,并且其导电涂层是透明的,(2)另一个这样的板或膜及其导电涂层任选地镜像,(3)两个板或膜中的一个或两个的导电层任选地被分成不同的段 设置有单独的触点,以及(4)通过密封环将板或膜连接在其导电涂层的侧面上以形成体积; 和(b)由两个板或膜和密封环形成的体积填充有含有某些二氢萘嗪或二氢吩嗪的电致变色介质。