摘要:
There has been found 1) a method for reducing the toxicity of spent liquors from dyeing with cationic dyes or mixtures thereof, characterized by the step of dyeing with cationic dyes having a computed electrostatic shielding energy (idealized hydration energy) of .gtoreq.50 kcal/mol, 2) cationic, generally low toxicity dyes, their preparation and use for dyeing.
摘要:
There has been found1) a method for reducing the toxicity of spent liquors from dyeing with cationic dyes or mixtures thereof, characterized by the step of dyeing with cationic dyes having a computed electrostatic shielding energy (idealized hydration energy) of .gtoreq.50 kcal/mol,2) cationic, generally low toxicity dyes, their preparation and use for dyeing.
摘要:
A variety of diazacyanine mediators that are soluble in aqueous media and which do not inhibit enzymatic activity are provided for use on the surface of a working electrode of a electrochemical biosensor for electrochemical co-enzyme regeneration. The co-enzyme, dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) or dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), is oxidized to NAD.sup.+ OR NADP.sup.+ which is reduced by an oxidoreductase such as a dehydrogenase acting on a substrate. By applying the mediator together with NADH or NADPH to the surface of the working electrode, the voltage necessary to achieve oxidation is substantially reduced. Biosensor electrodes such as graphite electrodes may be produced-by screen printing techniques.
摘要翻译:提供了可溶于水性介质并且不抑制酶活性的各种二氮芥酸介质用于电化学生物传感器用于电化学辅酶再生的工作电极的表面。 辅酶,二氢烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADH)或二氢烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(NADPH)被氧化成NAD + OR NADP +,其由氧化还原酶例如作用于底物的脱氢酶而还原。 通过将介体与NADH或NADPH一起施加到工作电极的表面,实现氧化所需的电压显着降低。 生物传感器电极如石墨电极可以通过丝网印刷技术制造。
摘要:
4,5-Dihydro-1H-1,2,3-triazolium compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another denote C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 -aryl or a heterocyclic radical having up to 3 rings and up to 4 heteroatoms from the series consisting of O, S and N, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently of one another denote hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 -alkenyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.17 -aralkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 -aryl or nitrile or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together denote a 2- to 5-membered C bridge, which can optionally be interrupted by up to two oxygen and/or nitrogen atoms, and X.sup.- denotes an anion, wherein all the alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl and aryl radicals and fused and heterocyclic radicals present can optionally be substituted by nonionic substituents, carboxyl groups, ammonium groups and/or pyridinium groups, are used as dyestuffs. New 4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,3-triazolium compounds correspond to the formula (I), with the provisos that if R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 in each case denote hydrogen then in the case where R.sup.1 =4-methylphenyl R.sup.2 does not represent 4-nitrophenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl or phenyl and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 do not both simultaneously represent 4-methylphenyl, 4-nitrophenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl or phenyl.
摘要:
Mixtures have been found comprising at least one red dye of the formula (I), (C) or (CI) and at least one orange dye of the formula (L), (LI), (LII), (LIII), (LIV) or (LV) where the substituents have the definition in the description, these mixtures being suitable more particularly for the mass colouring of plastics.
摘要:
Optical data carriers having at least one information layer which comprises a polymeric network comprising covalently bound light-absorbent compounds.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a singly recordable optical data medium using Co-phthalocyanine complexes of the formula (I) in which the groups are defined herein, as light-absorbing compounds in the information layer of optical data media, in which information layer is recordable using light, particularly for CD-R, and the application of the above-mentioned compounds to a polymer substrate, particularly polycarbonate, by spin coating.
摘要:
The invention relates to an electrochromic device having (a) a pair of glass or plastic plates or plastic films wherein at least one such plate or film is provided on one side each with an electrically conductive coating, wherein (1) at least one such plate or film and its conductive coating is transparent, (2) the other such plate or film and its conductive coating is optionally mirrored, (3) the electrically conductive layer of one or both of the two plates or films is optionally divided into separate segments optionally provided with individual contacts, and (4) the plates or films are joined on the sides of their conductive coating by means of a sealing ring to form a volume; and (b) the volume formed by the two plates or films and the sealing ring is filled with an electrochromic medium containing certain dihydronaphthazines or dihydrophenazines.