摘要:
A laser beam emitted from a laser source is projected onto a target set in a vacuum chamber while being focused by a focusing optical system. This results in generating fast particles, such as protons and emitting the particles from the target. A light measuring device measures plasma emission from the target upon in-focus irradiation with the laser beam and an analyzing device analyzes a measurement signal therefrom to assess a generation state of fast particles. Then the focusing optical system and target are controlled through optical system moving mechanism and target moving mechanism on the basis of the result of the analysis and feedback control is performed on the generation state of fast particles in the target. This realizes a fast particle generating apparatus capable of monitoring the generation state of fast particles in real time and thereby efficiently generating the fast particles.
摘要:
A laser beam L1 emitted from a laser source 10 is projected onto a target 30 set in a vacuum chamber 60 while being focused by a focusing optical system 20. This results in generating fast particles P such as protons and emitting the particles from the target 30. A light measuring device 40 measures plasma emission L2 from the target 30 upon in-focus irradiation with the laser beam L1 and an analyzing device 50 analyzes a measurement signal therefrom to assess a generation state of fast particles P. Then the focusing optical system 20 and target 30 are controlled through optical system moving mechanism 25 and target moving mechanism 35 on the basis of the result of the analysis and feedback control is performed on the generation state of fast particles P in the target 30. This realizes a fast particle generating apparatus capable of monitoring the generation state of fast particles in real time and thereby efficiently generating the fast particles.
摘要:
The present invention provides an optical amplifying device which can be easily downsized, increased in output, and stabilized. An optical amplifying device 1A includes an optical amplifier 10A and an energy supplier 30. The optical amplifier 10A includes an optical amplifying medium 11 and a transparent medium 12. The energy supplier 30 supplies excitation energy (for example, excitation light) to the optical amplifying medium 11. The optical amplifying medium 11 is supplied with the excitation light to amplify light and output it. To-be-amplified light passes through the transparent medium 12 in the optical amplifying medium 11 a plurality of times. The transparent medium 12 can propagate the to-be-amplified light, for example, zigzag inside.
摘要:
The present invention provides an optical amplifying device which can be easily downsized, increased in output, and stabilized. An optical amplifying device 1A includes an optical amplifier 10A and an energy supplier 30. The optical amplifier 10A includes an optical amplifying medium 11 and a transparent medium 12. The energy supplier 30 supplies excitation energy (for example, excitation light) to the optical amplifying medium 11. The optical amplifying medium 11 is supplied with the excitation light to amplify light and output it. To-be-amplified light passes through the transparent medium 12 in the optical amplifying medium 11 a plurality of times. The transparent medium 12 can propagate the to-be-amplified light, for example, zigzag inside.
摘要:
A total reflection terahertz wave measuring apparatus 1 includes a light source 11, a branching part 12, a chopper 13, an optical path length difference adjusting part 14, a polarizer 15, a beam splitter 17, a terahertz wave generating element 20, a filter 25, an internal total reflection prism 31, a terahertz wave detecting element 40, a ¼ wavelength plate 51, a polarization split element 52, a photodetector 53a, a photodetector 53b, a differential amplifier 54, and a lock-in amplifier 55. The internal total reflection prism 31 is a so-called aplanatic prism, and has an entrance surface 31a, an exit surface 31b, and a reflection surface 31c. The terahertz wave generating element 20 and the filter 25 are provided to be integrated with the entrance surface 31a of the internal total reflection prism 31, and the terahertz wave detecting element 40 is provided to be integrated with the exit surface 31b of the internal total reflection prism 31. The filter 25 allows a terahertz wave to be transmitted therethrough and blocks pump light. Accordingly, a total reflection terahertz wave measuring apparatus, which can be downsized, can be realized.
摘要:
An optical element 20A which is composed of a light transmission characteristic medium, that has a refractive index higher than a refractive index of air, the optical element causes an incident laser beam to be propagated inside while reflecting the laser beam by a wall surface 20a a plurality of times, the optical element includes an incident window 21 which is located in a part of the wall surface 20a, that is for allowing the laser beam to be incident, an emitting window 22 which is located in a part of the wall surface 20a, that is for allowing the laser beam propagated inside to be emit, and wavelength dispersion compensating units 31 and 32 which are integrally located in parts of the medium, the wavelength dispersion compensating units compensate for wavelength dispersion by causing the laser beam to be transmitted or reflected at least twice.
摘要:
A total reflection terahertz wave measuring apparatus 1 includes a light source 11, a branching part 12, a chopper 13, an optical path length difference adjusting part 14, a polarizer 15, a beam splitter 17, a terahertz wave generating element 20, a filter 25, an internal total reflection prism 31, a terahertz wave detecting element 40, a ¼ wavelength plate 51, a polarization split element 52, a photodetector 53a, a photodetector 53b, a differential amplifier 54, and a lock-in amplifier 55. The internal total reflection prism 31 is a so-called aplanatic prism, and has an entrance surface 31a, an exit surface 31b, and a reflection surface 31c. The terahertz wave generating element 20 and the filter 25 are provided to be integrated with the entrance surface 31a of the internal total reflection prism 31, and the terahertz wave detecting element 40 is provided to be integrated with the exit surface 31b of the internal total reflection prism 31. The filter 25 allows a terahertz wave to be transmitted therethrough and blocks pump light. Accordingly, a total reflection terahertz wave measuring apparatus, which can be downsized, can be realized.
摘要:
Systems and methods are provided for a flexible and scalable operating system achieving a fast boot. A computing system is described that includes a reserved static object memory configured to store predefined static threads, and a secure kernel configured to be executed in a fast boot mode. The secure kernel further may be configured to chain the static threads to a secure kernel thread queue stored in a secure kernel work memory, and to create temporary threads in the secure kernel work memory during the fast boot mode. The computing system may include a main kernel configured to be initialized by creating dynamic threads in a main kernel work memory during the fast boot mode. The main kernel may be configured to chain the static threads to a main kernel thread queue, and to assume control of the static threads from the secure kernel.
摘要:
A joined article in which a first metal member made of a tungsten carbide base cemented carbide and a second metal member made of a martensitic stainless steel having a carbon equivalent of 2.5 to 3.5 and containing 0.030 mass % or less of sulfur are joined. The martensitic stainless steel having the carbon equivalent of 2.5 to 3.5 is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of SUS431, SUS420J1, SUS420J2, SUS410, SUS410J1, S-STAR, PROVA-400, HPM38, STAVAX ESR, and SUS403 in the joined article. There is disclosed a joined article in which the lowering of the strength of a second metal member around a joining interface thereof is prevented.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a fixing device. The fixing device includes a heating member and a pressing member that form a fixing nip, an approach guide positioned an upstream in a recording-medium conveyance direction of a fixing nip, a fixing-pressure-changing mechanism designed to change the fixing device between a high-pressure mode and a low-pressure mode, and an approach-guide-changing mechanism designed to change an angle of the approach guide in conjunction with the changing by the fixing-pressure-changing mechanism.